Magnesium Lithospermate B Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglial Cells and Attenuates Neurodegeneration in Lipopolysaccharide-Injected Mice

AbstractChronic inflammation in the brain plays a critical role in major neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer ’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Microglia, the resident macrophages and intrinsic components of the central nervous system (CNS), appear to be the main effectors in this pathological process. Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) is one of the major bioactive co mponents ofRadix Salviae miltiorrhizae, which has been documented to protect neurons against multiple types of neuronal injury. However, its functions on microglia and the related neuroinflammation remain unknown. In the present study, BV2 microglial cells were used to assess the anti-neuroinflammatory capacity of MLB. Our data show that treatment with MLB could not only suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proliferation and morphological changes, but also interfere with cell cycle progression in BV2 cells. More strikingly, it attenuated the production of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) and a panel of pro-inflammatory cytokine in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, including tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and also promoted a phenotypic switch from the M1 to the M2 phenotype. Additionally, an in vivo study showed that the administration of MLB could ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced neurodegeneration and microglial activation in the hippocampus of adult mice. Mechanistically, MLB blocked the activation of the N...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research