Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1896: Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers and Tumor Antigens for Targeted Therapy in Urothelial Carcinoma

Molecules, Vol. 29, Pages 1896: Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers and Tumor Antigens for Targeted Therapy in Urothelial Carcinoma Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules29081896 Authors: Aditya Eturi Amman Bhasin Kevin K. Zarrabi William J. Tester Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the fourth most prevalent cancer amongst males worldwide. While patients with non-muscle-invasive disease have a favorable prognosis, 25% of UC patients present with locally advanced disease which is associated with a 10–15% 5-year survival rate and poor overall prognosis. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with about 50% 5 year survival when treated by radical cystectomy or trimodality therapy; stage IV disease is associated with 10–15% 5 year survival. Current therapeutic modalities for MIBC include neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and/or chemoradiation, although patients with relapsed or refractory disease have a poor prognosis. However, the rapid success of immuno-oncology in various hematologic and solid malignancies offers new targets with tremendous therapeutic potential in UC. Historically, there were no predictive biomarkers to guide the clinical management and treatment of UC, and biomarker development was an unmet need. However, recent and ongoing clinical trials have identified several promising tumor biomarkers that have the potential to serve as predictive or prognostic tools in UC. This review provides a comprehensive summary of emerg...
Source: Molecules - Category: Chemistry Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research