Shear Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Biogenesis Decreases the Release of Microparticles from Endothelial Cells.

Shear Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Biogenesis Decreases the Release of Microparticles from Endothelial Cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 May 29;:ajpheart.00438.2014 Authors: Kim JS, Kim B, Lee H, Thakkar S, Babbitt DM, Eguchi S, Brown MD, Park JY Abstract The concept of enhancing structural integrity of mitochondria has emerged as a novel therapeutic option for cardiovascular disease. Flow-induced increase in laminar shear stress is a potent physiological stimulant associated with exercise which exerts atheroprotective effects in the vasculature. However, the effect of laminar shear stress on mitochondrial remodeling within the vascular endothelium and its related functional consequences remain largely unknown. Using in vitro and in vivo complementary studies, here, we report that aerobic exercise alleviates the release of endothelial microparticles in pre-hypertensive individuals, and that these salutary effects are, in part, mediated by shear stress-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Circulating levels of total (CD31(+)/CD42a(-)) and activated (CD62E(+)) microparticles released by endothelial cells were significantly decreased (~40% for both) after a 6 month supervised aerobic exercise training program in individuals with pre-hypertension. In cultured human endothelial cells, laminar shear stress reduced the release of endothelial microparticles, which was accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis through a S...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - Category: Physiology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research