Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 3930: Lynch Syndrome Biopathology and Treatment: The Potential Role of microRNAs in Clinical Practice

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 3930: Lynch Syndrome Biopathology and Treatment: The Potential Role of microRNAs in Clinical Practice Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers15153930 Authors: Serena Ascrizzi Grazia Maria Arillotta Katia Grillone Giulio Caridà Stefania Signorelli Asad Ali Caterina Romeo Pierfrancesco Tassone Pierosandro Tagliaferri Lynch syndrome (LS), also known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome which causes about 2–3% of cases of colorectal carcinoma. The development of LS is due to the genetic and epigenetic inactivation of genes involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, causing an epiphenomenon known as microsatellite instability (MSI). Despite the fact that the genetics of the vast majority of MSI-positive (MSI+) cancers can be explained, the etiology of this specific subset is still poorly understood. As a possible new mechanism, it has been recently demonstrated that the overexpression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), such as miR-155, miR-21, miR-137, can induce MSI or modulate the expression of the genes involved in LS pathogenesis. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by playing a critical role in the modulation of key oncogenic pathways. Increasing evidence of the link between MSI and miRNAs in LS prompted a deeper investigation into the miRNome involved in these diseases. In this regard, in this study...
Source: Cancers - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research