Functions of Membrane Progesterone Receptors (mPRs, PAQRs) in Nonreproductive Tissues

Endocrinology. 2022 Aug 30:bqac147. doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqac147. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGender differences in a wide variety of physiological parameters have implicated the ovarian hormones, estrogens and progesterone, in the regulation of numerous nonreproductive tissue functions. Rapid, nongenomic (nonclassical) progesterone actions mediated by membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), which belong to the progestin and AdipoQ receptor (PAQR) family, have been extensively investigated in reproductive and nonreproductive tissues since their discovery in fish ovaries 20 years ago. The five mPR subtypes (α, β, γ, δ, ε) are widely distributed in vertebrate tissues and are often expressed in the same cells as the nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) and progesterone receptor membrane component one (PGRMC1), thereby complicating investigations of mPR-specific functions. Nevertheless, mPR-mediated progesterone actions have been identified in a wide range of reproductive and nonreproductive tissues and distinguished from nuclear PR-mediated ones by knockdown of these receptors with siRNA in combination with a pharmacological approach using mPR- and PR-specific agonists. There are several recent reviews on the roles of the mPRs in vertebrate reproduction and cancer, whereas there have been no comprehensive assessments of mPR functions in nonreproductive tissues. Therefore, this paper briefly reviews mPR functions in a broad range of nonreproductive tissues. The evidence that ...
Source: Endocrinology - Category: Endocrinology Authors: Source Type: research