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Acute reperfusion treatment and secondary prevention of cancer-related stroke: comprehensive overview and proposal of clinical algorithm
In conclusion, acute CRS remains a clinical challenge, with many patients suffering recurrent stroke, despite preventive measures. More randomized-controlled clinical trials are urgently needed to pinpoint the most effective management options for this subset of stroke patients.PMID:37342814 | PMC:PMC10278431 | DOI:10.1177/17562864231180717
Source: Adv Data - June 21, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Athina-Maria Aloizou Lina Palaiodimou Dimitra Aloizou Efthimios Dardiotis Ralf Gold Georgios Tsivgoulis Christos Krogias Source Type: research

Direct oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation and heart valve surgery-a meta-analysis and systematic review
CONCLUSION: Cumulative data analysis reveals that DOAC may provide an effective and safe alternative to VKA in patients with AF after surgically implanted bioprosthetic heart valves or repair with AF. Within a relatively heterogeneous study population, this meta-analysis shows a risk reduction of major bleedings and thromboembolic stroke or systemic embolisms for DOAC.PMID:35481366 | DOI:10.1177/17539447221093963
Source: Adv Data - April 28, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Stephen Gerfer Ilija Djordjevic Kaveh Eghbalzadeh Navid Mader Thorsten Wahlers Elmar Kuhn Source Type: research

Predicting the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Patients Treated with Novel Oral Anticoagulants: A Machine Learning Approach
Conclusions: The stroke risk in AF patients treated with NOAC could be predicted based on comorbidities like ischemic heart diseases, urinary tract infections, and dementia additionally to age and male sex. Knowing and addressing these factors may help reduce the risk of stroke in this patient population.Neuroepidemiology
Source: Neuroepidemiology - July 21, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

An emulated target trial analysis based on Medicare data suggested non-inferiority of Dabigatran versus Rivaroxaban
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular heart chamber beatings. It affects three to six million people in the U.S.1, among whom 85% to 90% are eligible for oral anticoagulation therapies2,3. As established in the literature, it is of great interest to properly choose among non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran were approved by the U.S. FDA in November 2011 and October 2010, respectively. They were the first two NOACs for preventing stroke for non-valvular AF patients and have been widely used since marketing.
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - July 13, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hao Mei, Jiping Wang, Shuangge Ma Source Type: research

Different Risk Profiles of European Patients Using Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists: a Rapid Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe investigated the risk profiles of patients using direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) or vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in European cohort studies to estimate the importance of potential (measured or unmeasured) confounding factors in analyses comparing these drugs. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (2008 –2018) for relevant studies and extracted information on age, sex, comorbidity, Charlson comorbidity index, HAS-BLED score (assessing risk of bleeding) and CHA2DS2-VASc score (assessing risk of stroke).Recent FindingsOverall, 66 studies with 2,808,757 patients were included. Most patients were from Fr...
Source: Current Epidemiology Reports - November 14, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Using the Case-Crossover Design to Assess Short-Term Risks of Bleeding and Arterial Thromboembolism After Switching Between Oral Anticoagulants in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractUsing nationwide Danish registries, we conducted a population-based case-crossover study evaluating the association between switching from a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), and vice versa, and 30-day risks of bleeding and arterial thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The case-crossover population was identified among oral anticoagulant users during 2011 –2018 (n = 123,217) as patients with AF with 1) a case-defining outcome and 2) an anticoagulant switch during the 180 days preceding the outcome. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regres...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - July 8, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Using the Case-crossover Design to Assess Short-term Risks of Bleeding and Arterial Thromboembolism Following Switching Between Oral Anticoagulants in a Population-based Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation Patients.
Abstract Using nationwide Danish registries, we conducted a population-based case-crossover study evaluating the association between switching from a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), and vice-versa, and 30-day risks of bleeding and arterial thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The case-crossover population was identified among oral anticoagulant users during 2011-2018 (n = 123,217), as AF patients with (a) a case-defining outcome and (b) an anticoagulant switch during the 180 days preceding the outcome. Odds Ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regres...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - July 7, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hellfritzsch M, Wang SV, Grove EL, Gagne JJ, Hallas J, Pottegård A Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Direct comparative effectiveness and safety between non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
In this study, apixaban was found to have the most favorable safety profile amongst the three NOACs. No significant difference was observed in risk of stroke or systemic embolism be tween the NOACs. Such findings may provide some decision-making support for physicians regarding their choices amongst NOACs in patients with AF.Registration PROSPERO (identifier: CRD42016052908).
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - June 8, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Comparison of treatment effect estimates of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus warfarin between observational studies using propensity score methods and randomized controlled trials
In this study, treatment effect estimates of NOACs versus warfarin in patients with non-valvular AF from PS studies are found to be in agreement with those from RCTs.
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - June 30, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research