Key concepts in clinical epidemiology: Research Integrity definitions and challenges
Research integrity is guided by a set of principles to ensure research reliability, and rigor. It serves as a pillar to uphold society ’s trust in science and foster scientific progress. However, over the past two decades, a surge in research integrity concerns, including fraudulent research, reproducibility challenges, and questionable practices, has raised critical questions about the reliability of scientific outputs, particul arly in biomedical research. In the biomedical sciences, any breaches in research integrity could potentially lead to a domino effect impacting patient care, medical interventions, and the broad...
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Anna Catharina V. Armond, Kelly D. Cobey, David Moher Tags: Key Concepts in Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research
“We are not invited”: Australian focus group results on how to improve ethnic diversity in trials.
Lack of ethnic diversity in trials may contribute to health disparities and to inequity in health outcomes. The primary objective was to investigate the experiences and perspectives of ethnically diverse populations about how to improve ethnic diversity in trials. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 15, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bianca Brijnath, Rachel Muoio, Peter Feldman, Davina Ghersi, An-Wen Chan, Vivian Welch, Shaun Treweek, Heidi Green, Aaron M. Orkin, Ebenezer Owusu-Addo Tags: Methodological Considerations Related to Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research
Poor reporting limited consideration of EDI in the Australian guidelines for the clinical care of people with COVID-19
Actively addressing issues of equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in healthcare guidelines provides an important avenue ensure that individuals and communities receive high-quality health care that meets their needs. In 2020, the National Clinical Evidence Taskforce was charged with developing Australian living guidelines for COVID-19 (the Guidelines). It was intended that the Guidelines would consider the biological and social determinants of health underpinning evidence-based recommendations for of the treatment of COVID-19. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 15, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jessie Hewitt, Nada Hamad, Claire Beecher, Tari Turner, Samantha Chakraborty Tags: Methodological Considerations Related to Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research
SPIN-PM: A consensus framework to evaluate the presence of spin in studies on prediction models
To develop a framework to identify and evaluate spin practices and its facilitators in studies on clinical prediction model, regardless of the modelling technique. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 15, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Constanza L. Andaur Navarro, Johanna AA. Damen, Mona Ghannad, Paula Dhiman, Maarten van Smeden, Johannes B. Reitsma, Gary S. Collins, Richard D. Riley, Karel GM. Moons, Lotty Hooft Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Statistical Techniques to Assess Publication Integrity in Groups of Randomised Trials: A Narrative Review
ObjectiveTo describe statistical tools available for assessing publication integrity of groups of randomised controlled trials (RCTs)Study DesignNarrative reviewResultsFreely available statistical tools have been developed that compare the observed distributions of baseline variables with the expected distributions that would occur if successful randomisation occurred. For continuous variables, the tools assess baseline means, baseline p-values, and the occurrence of identical means and/or SD. For categorical variables, they assess baseline p-values, frequency counts for individual or all variables, numbers of trial partic...
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 15, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mark J. Bolland, Alison Avenell, Andrew Grey Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Psychometric Properties and Domains Covered by Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Used in Trials Assessing Interventions for Chronic Pain
To identify the patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) used in clinical trials assessing interventions for chronic pain, describe their psychometric properties and the clinical domains they cover. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 12, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Farzaneh Alebouyeh, Isabelle Boutron, Philippe Ravaud, Viet-Thi Tran Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
On the point estimate from the common-effect meta-analysis model
(Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 12, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yipeng Wang, Lifeng Lin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Interpreting diagnostic accuracy studies based on retrospective routinely collected data
(Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Stephen H. Bradley, Bethany Shinkins, Gary Abel, Matthew E.J. Callister Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Patient and public involvement (PPI) in systematic reviews: frequency, determinants, stages, barriers, and dissemination
To investigate the frequency, determinants, stages, and barriers of patient and public involvement (PPI) in systematic reviews, and to explore its association with the dissemination of reviews. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Qi Zhou, Hongfeng He, Qinyuan Li, Junxian Zhao, Ling Wang, Zhengxiu Luo, Xiaohui Wang, Yaolong Chen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Response to “A method was developed for correcting the bias in the usual study weights in meta-analyses” by Walter and Balakrishnan
(Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mark Simmonds, Anna Chaimani, Joanne McKenzie, Catrin Tudur-Smith, Areti-Angeliki Veroniki Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
A brief step-by-step guide on conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic model studies
This article provides a brief step-by-step guide on how to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic model studies and how these reviews differ from systematic reviews of therapy and diagnosis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Daniel G. Rayner, Ben Kim, Farid Foroutan Tags: Key Concepts in Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research
Reply to Cochrane Statistical Methods Group
(Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Stephen D. Walter, Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan, Ge Song Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Large Scoping Reviews: Managing volume and potential chaos in a pool of evidence sources.
This commentary discusses how to plan, conduct, and report large scoping reviews. The guidance is based on input from experts in scoping review methodology, particularly members of the JBI Scoping Review Methodology group. We suggest a working definition for large scoping reviews, involving around 100 evidence sources, but emphasize the need to consider factors like data volume, analysis complexity, and purpose. To help authors, the commentary poses six essential questions to consider throughout the entire process, from planning to publishing. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 4, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lyndsay Alexander, Kay Cooper, Micah DJ. Peters, Andrea C. Tricco, Hanan Khalil, Catrin Evans, Zachary Munn, Dawid Pieper, Christina M. Godfrey, Patricia McInerney, Danielle Pollock Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
GRADE Concept Paper 8: Judging the certainty of discrimination performance estimates of prognostic models in a body of validation studies
Prognostic models incorporate multiple prognostic factors to estimate the likelihood of future events for individual patients based on their prognostic factor values. Evaluating these models crucially involves conducting studies to assess their predictive performance, like discrimination. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of these evaluation studies play an essential role in selecting models for clinical practice. (Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 2, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Farid Foroutan, Martin Mayer, Gordon Guyatt, Richard D. Riley, Reem Mustafa, Nina Kreuzberger, Nicole Skoetz, Andrea Darzi, Ana Carolina Alba, Fabrice Mowbray, Daniel G. Rayner, Holger Schunemann, Alfonso Iorio Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Editors ’ choice: April 2024
One study published in this month's issue of the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology and found in our special series on COVID-19 looked at externally validating six prognostic models for predicting mortality in population cohorts of older adults with COVID [1]. Zahra et al. [1] selected six models after assessing all COVID prognostic models for mortality to identify those with a low or uncertain risk of bias using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (or PROBAST) [2]. The PROBAST assesses the applicability and risk of bias of studies that conduct dia gnostic and prognostic prediction models [2]. (Source: Journa...
Source: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology - April 1, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Andrea C. Tricco, David Tovey Tags: Editors' Choice Source Type: research
