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A Clinical and Physiological Prospective Observational Study on the Management of Pediatric Shock in the Post-Fluid Expansion as Supportive Therapy Trial Era*
CONCLUSIONS: Maintenance-only fluid therapy normalized clinical and myocardial perturbations in shock without compromising cardiac or hemodynamic function whereas fluid-bolus management of WHO shock resulted in high fatality. Troponin and lactate biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction could be promising outcome predictors in pediatric septic shock in resource-limited settings.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Feature Articles Source Type: research

What are Some Risk Factors for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Outcomes?
Discussion “Neonatal encephalopathy, manifesting as altered responsiveness, seizures, apnea and abnormal muscle tone and reflexes, resulting from hypoxic-ischemic injury is termed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).” Neonatal encephalopathy can be associated with other problems including stroke, hemorrhage, infection, pre-term brain injury and hypoglycemia as some examples. Sometimes more than one of these entities occurs simultaneously such as hypoglycemia and HIE. HIE can result in long-term neurological problems including motor, behavioral, and cognitive problems that can become apparent even years later....
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 13, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Intracranial Electroencephalography in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusions: These findings suggest that intracranial electroencephalography may be useful for detection of secondary insult development in children with traumatic brain injury.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - March 1, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Neurocritical Care Source Type: research

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound During Critical Illness in Children: Survey of Practices in Pediatric Neurocritical Care Centers*
Conclusions: At least 27 pediatric neurocritical care centers use transcranial Doppler during clinical care. In the majority of centers, studies are performed and interpreted by credentialed personnel, and findings are used to guide clinical management. Further studies are needed to standardize these practices.
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - January 1, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Neurocritical Care Source Type: research

Cerebral vasculopathy in children with sickle cell disease: Key issues and the latest data.
Abstract Cerebral vasculopathy is a common and severe complication of sickle cell disease in children. The pathophysiology consists of progressive damage to the basal intracranial arteries and cerebral microcirculation, while chronic anemia worsens exposure to cerebral hypoxia. It results in stroke and subclinical or poorly symptomatic ischemic lesions. Many clinical, biological, and radiological risk factors have been identified. The prevention strategy through systematic transcranial Doppler screening of large-vessel vasculopathy has revolutionized the management of this disease and has greatly decreased the ris...
Source: Archives de Pediatrie - December 15, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Corvest V, Blais S, Dahmani B, De Tersant M, Etienney AC, Maroni A, Ormières C, Roussel A, Pondarré C Tags: Arch Pediatr Source Type: research

Focal cerebral ischemia and neurovascular protection: a bench-to-bedside update
Purpose of review: To date, many pharmacological approaches, or combination of approaches, have been applied to experimental models of focal cerebral ischemia (FCI), but their translation to clinically effective agents has proved unsuccessful. To date, only thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, or other ‘clot-breaking’ or ‘clot-removal’ approaches, have proved effective for acute stroke. This review, therefore, focuses on the ‘vascular’ phenomena involved in the development of FCI. Recent findings: Recent advances in the experimental literature on FCI describe the microvascular charac...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - November 10, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Tags: NEUROLOGY: Edited by Robert C. Tasker Source Type: research

Changes in Cardiac Function and Cerebral Blood Flow in Relation to Peri/Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Extremely Preterm Infants
Conclusions: Cardiac function and CBF remain stable in very preterm neonates who do not develop P/IVH during the first 3 postnatal days. In very preterm neonates developing P/IVH during this period, lower systemic perfusion and CBF followed by an increase in these variables precede the development of P/IVH. Monitoring cardiac function and cerebral rSO2 may identify infants at higher risk for developing P/IVH before the bleeding occurs.
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - November 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Shahab Noori, Michael McCoy, Michael P. Anderson, Faridali Ramji, Istvan Seri Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Evaluation of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke using non-invasive arterial spin labeling perfusion MR imaging.
Conclusion:ASL perfusion MR imaging is able to reliably detect hypo- and hyperperfusion in PAIS patients and can be used to monitor the evolution of perfusion after an ischemic event.Pediatric Research (2013); doi:10.1038/pr.2013.111. PMID: 23797533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Pediatric Research - June 24, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: De Vis JB, Petersen ET, Kersbergen KJ, Alderliesten T, de Vries LS, van Bel F, Groenendaal F, Lemmers PM, Hendrikse J, Benders MJ Tags: Pediatr Res Source Type: research