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Total 59 results found since Jan 2013.

Adjuvant therapy with Astragalus membranaceus for post-stroke fatigue: a systematic review
In conclusions, adjuvant therapy with CHM-HQ may benefit in managing fatigue and quality of life in stroke patients. However, stronger evidence is needed for a promising conclusion and more rigorous designs of RCTs are merited in the future.
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - August 21, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke in China: advances and challenges in epidemiology, prevention, and management
Publication date: April 2019Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 18, Issue 4Author(s): Simiao Wu, Bo Wu, Ming Liu, Zhengming Chen, Wenzhi Wang, Craig S Anderson, Peter Sandercock, Yongjun Wang, Yining Huang, Liying Cui, Chuanqiang Pu, Jianping Jia, Tong Zhang, Xinfeng Liu, Suming Zhang, Peng Xie, Dongsheng Fan, Xunming Ji, Ka-Sing Lawrence Wong, Longde WangSummaryWith over 2 million new cases annually, stroke is associated with the highest disability-adjusted life-years lost of any disease in China. The burden is expected to increase further as a result of population ageing, an ongoing high prevalence of risk factors (eg, ...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - March 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Isosteviol Sodium Protects Neural Cells Against Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis Through Inhibiting MAPK and NF- κB Pathways
Stevioside, isolated from the herb Stevia rebaudiana, has been widely used as a food sweetener all over the world. Isosteviol Sodium (STV-Na), an injectable formulation of isosteviol sodium salt, has been proved to possess much greater solubility and bioavailability and exhibit protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury in vivo by inhibiting neuron apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects STV-Na are still not completely known. In the present study, we investigated the effects of STV-Na on neuronal cell death caused by hypoxia in vitro and its underlying mechanisms.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Kai-Lun Zhong, Min-Yi Lu, Fei Liu, Ying Mei, Xue-Ju Zhang, Hao Zhang, Jie Zan, Xiao-Ou Sun, Wen Tan Source Type: research

Baicalin Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Hemorrhagic Transformation and Improves Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Rats with Delayed t-PA Treatment: Involvement of ONOO − -MMP-9 Pathway
AbstractTissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) has a restrictive therapeutic window within 4.5  h after ischemic stroke with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and neurotoxicity when it is used beyond the time window. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that baicalin, an active compound of medicinal plant, could attenuate HT in cerebral ischemia stroke with delayed t-PA t reatment. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 4.5 h and then continuously received t-PA infusion (10 mg/kg) for 0.5 h and followed by 19-h reperfusion. Baicalin (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Human Ischaemic Cascade Studies Using SH-SY5Y Cells: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AbstractLow translational yield for stroke may reflect the focus of discovery science on rodents rather than humans. Just how little is known about human neuronal ischaemic responses is confirmed by systematic review and meta-analysis revealing that data for the most commonly used SH-SY5Y human cells comprises only 84 papers. Oxygen-glucose deprivation, H2O2, hypoxia, glucose-deprivation and glutamate excitotoxicity yielded − 58, − 61, − 29, − 45 and − 49% injury, respectively, with a dose-response relationship found only for H2O2 injury (R2 = 29.29%,p <  0.002). Heterogeneity (I2 = 99.36%...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Afib and Ablation; Herbs and Drugs: This Week ' s PodMed Double T (with audio)
(MedPage Today) -- This week ' s topics include herb/drug interactions, Afib and ablation in congestive heart failure, clot retrieval in stroke, and childhood kidney disease and adult end-stage renal disease
Source: MedPage Today Neurology - February 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Patchouli Alcohol protects against Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced brain injury via inhibiting neuroinflammation in normal and obese mice.
In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that PA could protect against cerebral I/R injury not only in normal mice but also in obese mice via inhibiting inflammation, suggesting that PA can be a potential drug for clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. PMID: 29291393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - December 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wei LL, Chen Y, Yu QY, Wang Y, Liu G Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Baicalin Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Hemorrhagic Transformation and Improves Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Rats with Delayed t-PA Treatment: Involvement of ONOO − -MMP-9 Pathway
AbstractTissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) has a restrictive therapeutic window within 4.5  h after ischemic stroke with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and neurotoxicity when it is used beyond the time window. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that baicalin, an active compound of medicinal plant, could attenuate HT in cerebral ischemia stroke with delayed t-PA t reatment. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 4.5 h and then continuously received t-PA infusion (10 mg/kg) for 0.5 h and followed by 19-h reperfusion. Baicalin (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Goreisan Prevents Brain Edema after Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Aquaporin 4 Upregulation in Mice
Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is a water-selective transport protein expressed in astrocytes throughout the central nervous system. AQP4 level increases after cerebral ischemia and results in ischemic brain edema. Brain edema markedly influences mortality and motor function by elevating intracranial pressure that leads to secondary brain damage. Therefore, AQP4 is an important target to improve brain edema after cerebral ischemia. The Japanese herbal Kampo medicine, goreisan, is known to inhibit AQP4 activity.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Takafumi Nakano, Chisa Nishigami, Keiichi Irie, Yutaka Shigemori, Kazunori Sano, Yuta Yamashita, Takayuki Myose, Koji Tominaga, Koichi Matsuo, Yoshihiko Nakamura, Hiroyasu Ishikura, Hidetoshi Kamimura, Takashi Egawa, Kenichi Mishima Source Type: research

Hyperforin protects against acute cerebral ischemic injury through inhibition of interleukin-17A-mediated microglial activation.
In conclusion, our results clearly showed that hyperforin could protect against acute cerebral ischemic injury through inhibition of interleukin-17A-mediated microglial activation and polarization of microglia to M2 phenotype. PMID: 28870826 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - September 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ma L, Pan X, Zhou F, Liu K, Wang L Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy for Vascular Cognitive Impairment
AbstractVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). Stroke and cardiovascular risk factors have been linked to both AD and VCI and potentially can affect cognitive function in mid and later life. Various pharmacological agents, including donepezil, galantamine, and memantine, approved for the treatment of AD have shown modest cogni tive benefits in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). However, their functional and global benefits have been inconsistent. Donepezil has shown some cognitive benefit in patients with VaD only, and galantamine has shown some...
Source: CNS Drugs - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Spatholobi Caulis Extract on Neuronal Damage and Focal Ischemic Stroke/Reperfusion Injury
AbstractNeuronal apoptotic cell death plays an important role in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and ischemic stroke. Spatholobi Caulis (SC) has been widely used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, viral infection, and anemia. However, the protective effects of SC extract (SCE) against apoptotic cell death in the brain h ave not been reported. We investigated the protective effects of SCE against neuronal injury etoposide-induced neurotoxicity and in rats subjected to focal transient ischemic stroke middle cerebral artery occlusion ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Synthetic Cannabinoids/K2 :Recognizing the neurotoxicity of a legal but potentially lethal substance of abuse (S53.004)
Conclusions:Our experience reflects a higher mortality rate than previously reported, which is concerning. Our findings also corroborate with previous reports of a possible reversible cerebral vasoconstriction mechanism for cerebral injury.Severe adverse effects with SCBs are possibly because of their different chemical structure and that they are full agonists at the cannabinoid receptors, compared to THC which is only a partial agonist.Lack of easy access to a commercially available test for K2 compounds also hinders early diagnosis. We anticipate that reported injuries and deaths will significantly increase as detection...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sheharyar, A., Jayaraman, D. K., Prabhu, A., Roby, D. Tags: General Neurology: Mechanisms and Diagnosis in Overlapping Medical and Neurological Diseases Source Type: research

Historical Perspective of Cambodian Medicine with a focus on Neurology (P2.051)
Conclusions:The Keck School of Medicine of USC received a grant from World Federation of Neurology, which allowed faculty to travel to Cambodia and teach the clinical and diagnostic aspects of neurology over the course of two years. We expect a neurology residency to start in 2017 to help the patient population that suffers from stroke, seizure disorders and various other types of neurological disorders. Even though the past has had its rough patches, the future has untapped potential.Study Supported by: This study was supported by World Federation of Neurology.Disclosure: Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sahai-Sriva...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Singh, S., Sahai-Srivastava, S., Khosa, S., Mishra, S. Tags: History of Neurology Source Type: research