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Total 154 results found since Jan 2013.

Assessment of mechanical indicators of carotid plaque vulnerability: Geometrical curvature metric, plaque stresses and damage in tissue fibres.
Abstract Stroke is a major cause of death worldwide. The rupture of atherosclerotic carotid plaques is the leading single cause of stroke. Currently there is no accepted clinical measure to quantitatively assess the risk of carotid plaque rupture. Structural analyses of vulnerable plaques, using finite element (FE) analysis, have retrospectively found that regions of high stress tend to be the site of plaque rupture. The current study proposes a new clinical measure, based on plaque geometry, to assess the risk of carotid plaque rupture. This measure, named the weighted curvature difference, is based on the curvat...
Source: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials - February 25, 2020 Category: Materials Science Authors: Ghasemi M, Nolan DR, Lally C Tags: J Mech Behav Biomed Mater Source Type: research

Comparison of optical microscopy and optical coherence tomography as quality assurance methods for evaluating lubricious hydrophilic coatings surrounding catheter shafts
AbstractCardiac catheters are a vital tool in medicine due to their widespread use in many minimally invasive procedures. To aid in advancing the catheter within the patient's vasculature, many catheters are coated with a lubricious hydrophilic coating (HPC). Although HPCs benefit patients, their delamination during use is a serious safety concern. Adverse health effects associated with HPC delamination include pulmonary and myocardial embolism, embolic stroke, infarction, and death. In order to improve patient outcomes, more consistent manufacturing methods and improved quality assurance techniques are needed to evaluate ...
Source: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials - February 22, 2020 Category: Materials Science Authors: Alexander A. Oliver, Jonathan S. Stinson, Ashley Osborne, Catherine Taylor, Jeremy Goldman, Sean J. Kirkpatrick Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH REPORT Source Type: research

Experimental investigation of nano metal oxide blended Eucalyptus bio fuel on common rail direct injected diesel engine
Publication date: Available online 4 February 2020Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): N.S. Senthur, R. Karthikeyen, S. BalaMurugan, S. Divakara, M. EsakkirajaAbstractAn empirical study has been done using a mixture of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (ANPs) with Eucalyptus green fuel blend (EME20) in varied percentages to find out the impact of using it in a four stroke, single cylinder, common rail direct injection diesel engine. This research will detail about the experiments that have been conducted as well as the output of the investigation. The ANPs have been used in different proportions along with the Eucalyp...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - February 6, 2020 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Design and evaluation of a biosynthesized cellulose drug releasing duraplasty
In this study, a novel biosynthesized cellulose (BC)-based drug releasing duraplasty was developed and studied. The BC duraplasty fabrication process allowed readily incorporation of growth factors (GFs) in a sterile manner and control of physical and mechanical properties of the resulting duraplasty. Our results showed that BC duraplasty containing the highest amount of dry cellulose presented swelling ratio of 496 ± 27%, Young's modulus of 0.37 ± 0.02 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 0.96 ± 0.02 MPa, while releasing GFs for over 10 days. In addition, neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) cultures demonstrated t...
Source: Materials Science and Engineering: C - January 28, 2020 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Effect of compression ratio on a single cylinder diesel engine operated with Ternary fuel
The objective of this research is to evaluate the characteristics of an engine by using diesel–biodiesel-ethanol (Ternary fuel) into the present VCR (Variable Compression Ratio) single-cylinder four-stroke water-cooled diesel engine. In this investigation, palm oil is taken as biodiesel. The world needs biodiesel due to the deficiency of fossil fuels. The best choice is selecting the biodiesel and ethanol because they are available from the renewable feedstock, non-toxicity to the environment and it is eco-friendly. In blending stage B30 as a blend chosen because it contains 70% of diesel, 20% of biodiesel as palm oil an...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - January 1, 2020 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Effect of load on the friction and wear properties of aluminum hybrid composite/chromium plated chrome steel tribopair under boundary lubrication conditions
Publication date: Available online 20 December 2019Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): Pranav Dev Srivyas, M.S. CharooAbstractFriction and wear loss are the main reason that contribute to the failure in the IC engine components. This emerges the demand for the light weight, low friction and wear resistant material to enhance the efficiency and to reduce the emission problem in the IC engine components. In this concern, tribological test are performed on the hybrid aluminium matrix composites (Al–Si/Al2O3/GNP) composite fabricated using non-conventional rapid Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) against chromium plated...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - December 22, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Mechanical and energy-absorption properties of schwarzites
Publication date: February 2020Source: Carbon, Volume 157Author(s): Levi C. Felix, Cristiano F. Woellner, Douglas S. GalvaoAbstractWe investigated through fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, the mechanical behavior (compressive and tensile) and energy absorption properties of two families (primitive (P688 and P8bal) and gyroid (G688 and G8bal)) of carbon-based schwarzites. Our results show that all schwarzites can be compressed (with almost total elastic recovery) without fracture to more than 50%, one of them can be even remarkably compressed up to 80%. One of the structures (G8bal) presents negative Poisson...
Source: Carbon - December 13, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Coiled artificial muscles based on uhmwpe with large muscle stroke
Publication date: Available online 11 October 2019Source: Materials Today CommunicationsAuthor(s): A.V. Maksimkin, I.I. Larin, D.I. Chukov, M.Yu. Zadorozhnyy, T. Dayyoub, V.Yu. Zadorozhnyy, F. Spieckermann, V. SoprunyukAbstractThermal sensitive сoiled artificial muscles with a large muscle stroke (87 %) based on oriented ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers were created. The storage modulus and the recovery stress were used as indicators to determine the optimal conditions for the orientation process of the UHMWPE fibers. The working mechanism of the coiled artificial muscles was discussed in terms of a one-way ...
Source: Materials Today Communications - October 12, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Prediction of vibration and exhaust gas emission characteristics using palm oil with nano particle diesel fuel
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2019Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): V. Velmurugan, S.M. Aathif Akmal, V. Paramasivam, S. ThanikaikarasanAbstractThe usage of biodiesel is one of the current trends in the development of reducing the environmental pollution due to the emission of toxic gases and annoying noise and vibration which affects the health of the automobile end users. Though many of the alternate bio fuels have been used by the research in the view of improving the performance of the diesel engines still some residual problems like to low frequency noise and emission in diesel engines a...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - September 21, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Prediction of noise, vibration and exhaust gas emission characteristics using palm oil in a four stroke diesel
Publication date: Available online 19 September 2019Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): V. Velmurugan, C. Naveen kumar, V. Paramasivam, S. ThanikaikarasanAbstractIn the today’s world of transport usage by passenger and the driver, Noise and vibration of the diesel engine vehicles are an important issue to be addressed by the automotive industries. This issue is not only makes the occupants fatigue but also increases the environmental noise and smoke pollution from the Diesel engine vehicle. As the usage of the diesel fuelled passenger cars are increasing due to its more mileage, better performance efficiency. ...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - September 20, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Improvement in frictional behaviour of SAE 15W-40 lubricant with the addition of graphite particles
Publication date: Available online 9 September 2019Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): Vineet Sharma, Rajat Joshi, Himanshu Pant, Vipin Kumar SharmaAbstractThe present paper discusses the use of graphite particles in the lubricant for enhancing the friction properties of lubricant. Graphite particles were produced using the ball milling methods and mixed with multi-grade SAE 15W-40 lubricating oil using a magnetic stirrer and ultrasonicator. The graphite mixed lubricant was tested for its frictional behaviour using a linear reciprocating tribometer. Experiments were performed at three load values with constant s...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - September 10, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Emission reduction techniques in CI engine with catalytic converter
The objective of this research work is to control the NOx emission and to develop a low-cost three way catalytic converter. This catalytic converter is assembled in the exhaust manifold region of a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine. The emissions from the engine are measured using a five gas analyser and the results are tabulated.
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - August 22, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Performance study of a single cylinder diesel engine using diesel with Pongamia pinnata and Camelina sativa seed oil blends
Publication date: Available online 11 July 2019Source: Materials Today: ProceedingsAuthor(s): G. Murali, M. Anusha, M. ArunkumarAbstractCurrent paper studies the renewable energy of Camelina sativa biodiesel fuel which is having new fuel properties. Here Camelina sativa seed oil and Pongamia with equal proportions was used in the form of blends at various proportions with diesel. The blending ratios were taken as 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% respectively, used as fuel in a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine. Further the engine emissions of different fuel usage have been investigated. The results shows that SFC incre...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - July 12, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Oil film variation and surface damage in the process of reciprocation-oscillation transformation
In this study, optical interferometry experiments were carried out on a ball-disk test rig to study the change of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) in reciprocation to boundary lubrication (BL) in oscillation for the contacts of pure rolling and simple sliding motions. Then, using an SRV wear tester, the corresponding tribological performance during the transformation from the reciprocating motion to the oscillating motion under simple sliding condition was evaluated. The experimental results show that the BL area in the contact zone gradually increases with the decrease of the stroke length, so that the area of entrapp...
Source: Tribology International - June 26, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Representation of Severe Negative Subsequent Return Stroke by Optimization based Channel-Base-Current Function Parameters
Publication date: 2019Source: Materials Today: Proceedings, Volume 11, Part 3Author(s): Gandi Ramarao, Kandasamy ChandrasekaranAbstractIn this paper, the lightning channel-base-current (CBC) function parameters are identified using four different optimization techniques (such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE), and sine cosine algorithm (SCA)) to representing the measured data given in IEC standard 62305-1, 2010 for the severe (5%) case negative subsequent return stroke (NSS). The sum of two Heidler’s functions (HFs) is used for representing the desired severe NSS, a...
Source: Materials Today: Proceedings - April 4, 2019 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research