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Personalized absolute benefit of statin treatment for primary or secondary prevention of vascular disease in individual elderly patients
ConclusionsWith a multivariable prediction model the absolute treatment effect of a statin on MACE for individual elderly patients with and without vascular disease can be quantified. Because of high ARRs, treating all patients is more beneficial than prediction-based treatment for secondary prevention of MACE. For primary prevention of MACE, the prediction model can be used to identify those patients who benefit meaningfully from statin therapy.
Source: Clinical Research in Cardiology - August 22, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

High-grade carotid artery stenosis: A forgotten area in cardiovascular risk management
Conclusions The clinical event rate was high in patients with high-grade CAS and the management of cardiovascular risk was deficient in all aspects.
Source: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology - August 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Good, E., Länne, T., Wilhelm, E., Perk, J., Jaarsma, T., de Muinck, E. Tags: Original scientific papers Source Type: research

Progressive Cortical Neuronal Damage and Chronic Hemodynamic Impairment in Atherosclerotic Major Cerebral Artery Disease Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— In patients with atherosclerotic internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery disease, the progression of cortical neuronal damage was associated with hemodynamic impairment at baseline and hemodynamic deterioration during follow-up. Statin use may be beneficial against hemodynamic deterioration and therefore neuroprotective.
Source: Stroke - May 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yamauchi, H., Kagawa, S., Kishibe, Y., Takahashi, M., Higashi, T. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

A twist on the genetic link between Alzheimer’s and heart disease
Alzheimer’s disease often strikes fear in people’s hearts because it gradually erodes a person’s ability to remember, think, and learn. There is no cure, and available treatments alleviate symptoms only temporarily. An estimated 5.3 million Americans currently have Alzheimer’s disease, yet this brain disorder is far less common than heart disease. More than 85 million people in the United States are living with some form of cardiovascular disease or the after-effects of stroke, which also affects brain function. Many people don’t realize that Alzheimer’s and heart disease share a genetic link: the apolipoprotei...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - March 25, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Julie Corliss Tags: Alzheimer's Disease Behavioral Health Brain and cognitive health Genes Healthy Aging Heart Health Memory Mental Health Source Type: news

The Biggest Medical Stories You May Have Missed In 2015
SPECIAL FROM Next Avenue By Craig Bowron As we head into the New Year, let’s take a look back and see what lessons we should have learned from medical science in 2015. The New England Journal of Medicine’s publication Journal Watch provides physicians and other health care providers with expert analysis of the most recent medical research. Below is a brief synopsis of what the Journal Watch editors felt were the most important stories in general medicine for the year 2015. While you likely heard about a couple, others probably escaped your radar. Getting Aggressive with Strokes We’re familiar with the id...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - January 15, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Exploring the nature of atheroma and cardiovascular inflammation in-vivo using Positron emission Tomography (PET).
Abstract Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has become widely established in oncology. Subsequently a whole new "toolbox" of tracers have become available to look at different aspects of cancer cell function and dysfunction including cell protein production, DNA synthesis, hypoxia and angiogenesis. In the last 5 years these tools have been used increasingly to look at the other great killer of the developed world; cardiovascular disease. For example inflammation of the unstable plaque can be imaged with fluorine-18 (F-18) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and this uptake can be quantified to show the effect statins have in...
Source: The British Journal of Radiology - June 2, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Buscombe JR Tags: Br J Radiol Source Type: research

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Why is Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Overestimated by the ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equation? The 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guidelines expand the recommendations for statin use to populations previously felt to be at lower risk. Central to risk-estimation in these guidelines is a new equation for determination of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, this risk model has been criticized overestimating ASCVD risk in validation studies of the model. Using the Women's Health Study, Cook et al. sought to determine the reasons for risk-overestimation by the ACC/AHA model. Among 27,542 women, 632 ...
Source: Heart - February 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Long-Term Effect of Fee-For-Service-Based Reimbursement Cuts on Processes and Outcomes of Care for Stroke: Interrupted Time-Series Study From Taiwan Original Articles
Conclusions— There are improvement trends in processes and outcomes of care over time. However, the reimbursement cuts from the FFS-based global budget cap are associated with trend changes in processes and outcomes of care for stroke. The FFS-based reimbursement cuts may have long-term positive and negative associations with stroke care.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - January 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tung, Y.-C., Chang, G.-M., Cheng, S.-H. Tags: Health policy and outcome research Original Articles Source Type: research

Behind the Headlines 2014 Quiz of the Year
In 2014, Behind the Headlines covered more than 500 health stories that made it into the mainstream media. Test your knowledge of 2014's health news with our month-by-month quiz. If you've been paying attention, you should find this quiz both easy and fun. Answers are at the foot of the page (no peeking!).   In January 2014's health news... What was said to help make bones stronger? 1) Swimming 2) Marriage 3) Listening to classical music Warnings were issued about the possible return of what? 1) Swine flu 2) The Black Death 3) Smallpox   In February 2014's health news... What activity was said to lower your ...
Source: NHS News Feed - December 29, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Special reports Medical practice Source Type: news

Cardiovascular highlights from non-cardiology journals
Niacin fails to prevent cardiovascular events Observational studies have consistently demonstrated that levels of LDL cholesterol directly correlate with cardiovascular risk while HDL levels are inversely related to cardiovascular risk. Niacin is known to reduce LDL levels and concurrently raise HDL levels. In the HPS2-THRIVE study, 25,673 patients with a background of vascular disease were randomized to receive 2 g of extended-release niacin and 40 mg of laropiprant (an anti-flushing agent) or a matching placebo daily. Prior to starting the study, in a run-in phase, background statin therapy was standardized wit...
Source: Heart - September 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bradley, S. M. Tags: Journal scan Source Type: research

Lipid lowering in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension: an analysis from the Treating to New Targets (TNT) trial
Conclusion In subjects with TRH, intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin 80 mg is associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular events.
Source: European Heart Journal - July 15, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bangalore, S., Fayyad, R., Laskey, R., DeMicco, D., Deedwania, P., Kostis, J. B., Messerli, F. H., Treating to New Targets Steering Committee and Investigators Tags: Heart failure/cardiomyopathy Source Type: research

An audit of management practices in patients with suspected temporary monocular blindness
Conclusion There is a need to improve professional awareness of the importance of starting best medical therapy and performing CEA as soon as possible after onset of TMB.
Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology - May 17, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Naylor, A. R., Robinson, T. G., Eveson, D., Burns, J. Tags: Public health, Vision, Neurology Original articles - Clinical science Source Type: research

Do No Harm: Stories of Life, Death and Brain Surgery review
Patients see neurosurgeons as gods, but what is the reality? Henry Marsh has written a memoir of startling candourWe go to doctors for help and healing; we don't expect them to make us worse. Most people know the aphorism taught to medical students, attributed to the ancient Greek Hippocrates but timeless in its quiet sanity: "First, do no harm." But many medical treatments do cause harm: learning how to navigate the risks of drug therapies, as well as the catastrophic consequences of botched or inadvised surgical operations, is a big part of why training doctors takes so long. Even the simplest of therapies carries the ri...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - March 19, 2014 Category: Science Authors: Gavin Francis Tags: The Guardian Private healthcare Culture Society Reviews Books Neuroscience UK news Hospitals NHS Source Type: news

An audit of management practices in patients with suspected temporary monocular blindness.
CONCLUSION: There is a need to improve professional awareness of the importance of starting best medical therapy and performing CEA as soon as possible after onset of TMB. PMID: 24187055 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The British Journal of Ophthalmology - November 1, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Naylor AR, Robinson TG, Eveson D, Burns J Tags: Br J Ophthalmol Source Type: research

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