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Nicotine pre-exposure reduces stroke-induced glucose transporter-1 activity at the blood–brain barrier in mice
Conclusions Nicotine pre-exposure reduced the IR-enhanced GLUT1 transporter function and expression at the BBB in a focal brain ischemia mouse model. These studies suggest that nicotine exposure prior to stroke could create an enhanced glucose deprived state at the neurovascular unit (NVU) and could provide an additional vulnerability to enhanced stroke injury.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - April 29, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Short-term exposure to JUUL electronic cigarettes can worsen ischemic stroke outcome
ConclusionsThese results suggest that JUUL exposure could negatively impact the cerebrovascular system, although to a lesser extent than TS exposure.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 9, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

CNS Summit 2017 Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Conclusion: This novel technology discriminates and quantifies subtle differences in behavior and neurological impairments in subjects afflicted with neurological injury/disease. KINARM assessments can be incorporated into multi-center trials (e.g., monitoring stroke motor recovery: NCT02928393). Further studies will determine if KINARM Labs can demonstrate a clinical effect with fewer subjects over a shorter trial period. Disclosures/funding: Dr. Stephen Scott is the inventor of KINARM and CSO of BKIN Technologies.   Multiplexed mass spectrometry assay identifies neurodegeneration biomarkers in CSF Presenter: Chelsky...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - November 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools biomarkers Cognition Current Issue Drug Development General Genetics Medical Issues Neurology Patient Assessment Psychopharmacology Scales Special Issues Supplements Trial Methodology clinical trials CNS Su Source Type: research

Oxidative and pro-inflammatory impact of regular and denicotinized cigarettes on blood brain barrier endothelial cells: is smoking reduced or nicotine-free products really safe?
Conclusions: In summary, our results indicate that NF and ultralow nicotine cigarettes are potentially more harmful to the BBB endothelium than regular tobacco products. In addition, this study demonstrates that the TS-induced toxicity at BBB ECs is strongly correlated to the TAR and NO levels in the cigarettes rather than the nicotine content.
Source: BMC Neuroscience - Latest articles - April 23, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pooja NaikNeel FofariaShikha PrasadRavi SajjaBabette WekslerPierre-Olivier CouraudIgnacio RomeroLuca Cucullo Source Type: research

Effect of full flavor and denicotinized cigarettes exposure on the brain microvascular endothelium: a microarray-based gene expression study using a human immortalized BBB endothelial cell line
Conclusions: This study provides a detailed analysis of Nrf2-related cytoprotective mechanisms activated in response to 3R4F and ULN-derived TS exposure correlating the results with their oxidative and inflammatory potential. Toxicants present in soluble cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) and not nicotine seem to be the primary determinant of vascular toxicity. In this respect our results from this and previous studies suggest that chronic TS exposure can overcome Nrf2 and NFκB-p65 dependent cytoprotective mechanisms of the brain microvascular endothelium possibly leading to BBB impairment and loss of BBB integrity.
Source: BMC Neuroscience - June 23, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pooja NaikRavi SajjaShikha PrasadLuca Cucullo Source Type: research

Thyroid Hormone Signaling: Contribution to Neural Function, Cognition, and Relationship to Nicotine
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2015 Source:Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Author(s): Prescott T. Leach, Thomas J. Gould Cigarette smoking is common despite its adverse effects on health, such as cardiovascular disease and stroke. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the addictive properties of nicotine makes it possible to target them to prevent the initiation of smoking behavior and/or increase the chance of successful quit attempts. While highly addictive, nicotine is not generally considered to be as reinforcing as other drugs of abuse. There are likely other mechanisms at wo...
Source: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews - September 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Novel Approaches in Astrocyte Protection: from Experimental Methods to Computational Approaches
Abstract Astrocytes are important for normal brain functioning. Astrocytes are metabolic regulators of the brain that exert many functions such as the preservation of blood–brain barrier (BBB) function, clearance of toxic substances, and generation of antioxidant molecules and growth factors. These functions are fundamental to sustain the function and survival of neurons and other brain cells. For these reasons, the protection of astrocytes has become relevant for the prevention of neuronal death during brain pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and other neurodegenerative co...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - January 23, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Nicotine & electronic cigarette (E ‐Cig) exposure decreases brain glucose utilization in ischemic stroke
Journal of Neurochemistry,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - July 31, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ali E. Sifat , Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya , Mohammad A. Kaisar , Luca Cucullo , Thomas J. Abbruscato Source Type: research

Nicotine and electronic cigarette (E ‐Cig) exposure decreases brain glucose utilization in ischemic stroke
Journal of Neurochemistry, EarlyView.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - October 19, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ali E. Sifat, Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya, Mohammad A. Kaisar, Luca Cucullo, Thomas J. Abbruscato Source Type: research