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Source: Experimental Brain Research
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Total 199 results found since Jan 2013.
Altered phalanx force direction during power grip following stroke.
This study characterized stroke survivors' static power grip during 100 and 50 % maximum grip. Each phalanx force angular deviation from the normal direction and its contribution to total normal force was compared for 11 stroke survivors and 11 age-matched controls. Muscle activities and skin coefficient of friction were additionally compared for another 20 stroke and 13 age-matched control subjects. The main finding was that stroke survivors gripped with a 34 % greater phalanx force angular deviation of 19° ± 2° compared to controls of 14° ± 1° (p < .05). Stroke survivors' phalanx force angular deviation ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 21, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Enders LR, Seo NJ Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Deficits in motor abilities for multi-finger force control in hemiparetic stroke survivors.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of stroke-related constraints on multi-finger force control abilities in a visuomotor task. Impaired (IH) and less-impaired hands (LH) of 19 hemiparetic stroke survivors and 19 age-matched control subjects were examined. Each hand repeatedly produced isometric forces to match a target force of 5 N shown on a computer screen using all four fingers. The hierarchical variability decomposition (HVD) model was used to separate force-matching errors (motor performance) into task-relevant measures (accuracy, steadiness, and reproducibility). Task-irrelevant sources of variability in ind...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - April 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kim Y, Kim WS, Koh K, Yoon B, Damiano DL, Shim JK Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Relations between knee and ankle muscle coactivation and temporospatial gait measures in patients without hypertonia early after stroke.
Abstract
It is unclear whether muscle coactivation during gait is altered early after stroke and among which muscles. We sought to characterize muscle coactivation during gait in subacute stroke subjects without hypertonia and explore the relationship with temporospatial parameters. In 70 stroke (23 ± 12 days post-onset) and 29 age-matched healthy subjects, surface electromyography signals were used to calculate coactivation magnitude and duration between rectus femoris and medial hamstring (knee antagonistic coactivation), tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius (ankle antagonistic coactivation), and rec...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 15, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chow JW, Stokic DS Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Examining interference of different cognitive tasks on voluntary balance control in aging and stroke.
This study compared the effect of semantic and working memory tasks when each was concurrently performed with a voluntary balance task to evaluate the differences in the resulting cognitive-motor interference (CMI) between healthy aging and aging with stroke. Older stroke survivors (n = 10), older healthy (n = 10) and young adults (n = 10) performed the limits of stability, balance test under single task (ST) and dual task (DT) with two different cognitive tasks, word list generation (WLG) and counting backwards (CB). Cognitive ability was evaluated by recording the number of words and digits counted while sitting (S...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - June 14, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bhatt T, Subramaniam S, Varghese R Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Examining impairment of adaptive compensation for stabilizing motor repetitions in stroke survivors.
Abstract
The hand, one of the most versatile but mechanically redundant parts of the human body, suffers more and longer than other body parts after stroke. One of the rehabilitation paradigms, task-oriented rehabilitation, encourages motor repeatability, the ability to produce similar motor performance over repetitions through compensatory strategies while taking advantage of the motor system's redundancy. The previous studies showed that stroke survivors inconsistently performed a given motor task with limited motor solutions. We hypothesized that stroke survivors would exhibit deficits in motor repeatability an...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - September 6, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kim Y, Koh K, Yoon B, Kim WS, Shin JH, Park HS, Shim JK Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Lower extremity long-latency reflexes differentiate walking function after stroke.
Abstract
The neural mechanisms of walking impairment after stroke are not well characterized. Specifically, there is a need for understanding the mechanisms of impaired plantarflexor power generation in late stance. Here, we investigated the association between two neurophysiologic markers, the long-latency reflex (LLR) response and dynamic facilitation of antagonist motor-evoked responses, and walking function. Fourteen individuals with chronic post-stroke hemiparesis and thirteen healthy controls performed both isometric and dynamic plantarflexion. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assessed supraspinal dri...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - July 31, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Banks CL, Little VL, Walker ER, Patten C Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Performance of discrete, reciprocal, and cyclic movements of the ipsilesional upper limb in individuals after stroke.
Abstract
Aiming movements of the upper limbs can be classified either as discrete, or reciprocal, or cyclic. The control of these movements after a stroke can be affected. The aim of this experimental, cross-sectional study was to characterize the performance of these movements after the right and left hemisphere chronic stroke. Thirty-six individuals aged between 40 and 70 years, right-handed, were allocated into three groups (control, right stroke, and left stroke). Participants were asked to perform aiming movements on a tablet. Individuals after stroke performed the tasks only with their ipsilesional limb, wh...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - July 30, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Carvalho DB, Freitas SMSF, Alencar FAD, Silva ML, Alouche SR Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research
Neural correlates of walking post-stroke: neuroimaging insights from the past decade
Exp Brain Res. 2021 Sep 28. doi: 10.1007/s00221-021-06217-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWalking dysfunction such as slow walking speed and reduced independent mobility are common impairments following stroke. Neural mechanisms of upper limb impairment and motor recovery have been highly studied, while less is known about the neural correlates of walking dysfunction and rehabilitation after stroke. Our objective was to review the literature on neuroimaging correlates of walking and walking recovery post-stroke to provide a more comprehensive picture of neurological regions of interest. We searched the databases PubMed, C...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - September 29, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: McKenna K Perry Denise M Peters Source Type: research
Task effects on functional connectivity measures after stroke
This study examined working memory, discrete pedaling, continuous pedaling and language tasks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine regional and inter-regional brain network function in 14 stroke and 16 control participants. Independent component analysis was used to identify 149 regions of interest (ROI). Using the inter-regional connectivity measurements, the weighted sum was calculated across only regions associated with a given task. Both inter-regional connectivity and regional connectivity were greater during each of the tasks as compared to the resting state. The working memory and discrete peda...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kaleb Vinehout Sheila Schindler-Ivens Jeffrey R Binder Brian D Schmit Source Type: research
