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Source: Experimental Brain Research

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Total 199 results found since Jan 2013.

Control of reach extent with the paretic and nonparetic arms after unilateral sensorimotor stroke: kinematic differences based on side of brain damage.
Abstract Scaling of reach kinematics to targets that vary in distance is indicative of the use of planning and feedback-based adjustments. The control of reach extent, however, has not been reported for the paretic arm after stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine whether individuals post-stroke utilized planning (scaling acceleration magnitude) and feedback-based adjustments (scaling acceleration duration) to reach to targets that varied in distance. Individuals with mild-to-moderate motor impairment after stroke and nondisabled adults reached with both arms to targets presented at three distances (8, ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - April 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Stewart JC, Gordon J, Winstein CJ Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Poor motor function is associated with reduced sensory processing after stroke.
In this study, we evaluated afferent sensory pathway information transfer and processing after stroke with the coherence between cortical activity and a position perturbation (position-cortical coherence, PCC). Eleven subacute stroke survivors participated in this study. Subjects performed a motor task with the affected and non-affected arm while continuous wrist position perturbations were applied. Cortical activity was measured using EEG. PCC was calculated between position perturbation and EEG at the contralateral and ipsilateral sensorimotor area. The presence of PCC was quantified as the number of frequencies where PC...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - February 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Campfens SF, Zandvliet SB, Meskers CG, Schouten AC, van Putten MJ, van der Kooij H Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Short-term effect of neck muscle vibration on postural disturbances in stroke patients.
Abstract Balance disorders after stroke have a particularly detrimental influence on recovery of autonomy and walking. The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of proprioceptive stimulation by neck muscle vibration (NMV) on the balance of patients with right hemispheric lesion (RHL) and left hemispheric lesion (LHL). Thirty-one (31) patients (15 RHL and 16 LHL), mean age 61.5 years (±10.6), mean delay 3.1 (±1.6) months after one hemispheric stroke were included in this prospective study. The mean position in mediolateral and anteroposterior plane of the CoP (center of pressure) and the surface were ev...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - May 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Leplaideur S, Leblong E, Jamal K, Rousseau C, Raillon AM, Coignard P, Damphousse M, Bonan I Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Increased inter-hemispheric resting-state functional connectivity in acute lacunar stroke patients with aphasia.
In this study, voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) was used to examine the inter-hemispheric resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) differences between 37 patients with acute lacunar stroke in the left hemisphere and 28 healthy controls. Besides, correlation analyses were carried out to investigate the relationship between VMHC values of brain regions showing abnormal inter-hemispheric RSFC and clinical variables [i.e., aphasia quotient (AQ) scores, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Mini-Mental State Examination of patients]. Compared with healthy controls, patients showed significantly ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yang H, Bai L, Zhou Y, Kang S, Liang P, Wang L, Zhu Y Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Relationship between spasticity and spinal neural circuits in patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke.
Abstract Spasticity is a common problem in patients with stroke that contributes to motor dysfunction. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying spasticity are not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to explain the relationship between features of spinal neural circuits assessed using electrophysiological techniques and the clinical manifestations of stroke. The participants were 71 patients with chronic hemiparetic stroke. To assess spinal neural circuits, Hmax/Mmax of the forearm flexor muscles and reciprocal inhibition (RI) between forearm extensor and flexor muscles with the H re...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - November 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Okuyama K, Kawakami M, Hiramoto M, Muraoka K, Fujiwara T, Liu M Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Effects of cognitive load on the amount and temporal structure of postural sway variability in stroke survivors.
This study aimed to investigate the variability in postural sway patterns during quiet standing in stroke survivors. The postural sway was measured in 19 stroke survivors, as well as 19 healthy demographically matched participants, at 3 levels of postural difficulty (rigid surface with closed and open eyes, and foam surface with closed eyes), and 3 levels of cognitive difficulty (without a cognitive task, easy and difficult cognitive tasks). Both linear analyses (the amount of postural sway variability, including the standard deviation of the COP velocity in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions), ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - November 14, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mehdizadeh H, Khalaf K, Ghomashchi H, Taghizadeh G, Ebrahimi I, Taghavi Azar Sharabiani P, Mousavi SJ, Parnianpour M Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Fall risk during opposing stance perturbations among healthy adults and chronic stroke survivors.
Abstract Studies examining recovery from SLIPS and TRIPS indicate higher incidence of falls during SLIPS than TRIPS however, differences in the recovery mechanisms during these opposing perturbations have not been examined. We therefore aimed to compare the reactive balance responses contributing to fall risk during SLIPS and TRIPS at comparable perturbation intensity among community-dwelling healthy adults and chronic stroke survivors. Younger adults (N = 11), age-matched adults (N = 11) and chronic stroke survivors (N = 12) were exposed to a single SLIP and TRIP through a motorized treadmill (16 m/s...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 26, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Patel PJ, Bhatt T Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Influence of task complexity on movement planning and release after stroke: insights from startReact
This study highlights the unique potential for startReact to be used as a clinical tool to probe the capacity to plan and release movement following stroke and how that capacity is affected by the complexity of the task being performed. Such a tool may be useful for assessing functional impairments and tracking changes during the rehabilitation process.PMID:35445354 | DOI:10.1007/s00221-022-06368-w
Source: Experimental Brain Research - April 21, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hyunglae Lee Claire Honeycutt Eric Perreault Source Type: research

Rhythmic affects on stroke-induced joint synergies across a range of speeds.
Abstract Joint synergies are one among several diminished motor capabilities that are associated with stroke. These synergies are characterized by a stereotypical combination of involuntary joint coactivations. This research measured the synergistic rotations of the shoulder in response to voluntary rhythmic motion of the elbow across a range of speeds. The experimental protocol included a total of 22 subjects divided into two groups: (1) stroke survivors and (2) neurologically intact controls. Rhythmic motion in stroke survivors resulted in comparable synergies to discrete movement. It was found that hemiparetic ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - June 23, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Simkins M, Burleigh Jacobs A, Rosen J Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Effect of limb movements on orienting of attention in right-hemisphere stroke.
Abstract A deficit disengaging attention from the ipsilesional space in order to re-orient toward the contralesional space has been reported after right-hemisphere stroke (disengage deficit) and has been related to the severity of visuospatial neglect. Neglect rehabilitation studies have shown that left limb movements improve leftward orienting; the effect, however, is variable, and the mechanism of improvement is uncertain. Thus, this study examined whether limb movements specifically reduce the underlying disengage deficit of attention after right-hemisphere stroke. The effects of active and passive limb movemen...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 9, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Butler BC, Eskes GA Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Force control improvements in chronic stroke: bimanual coordination and motor synergy evidence after coupled bimanual movement training.
Abstract Bimanual movement disorders are common dysfunctions post stroke. This stroke study investigated bimanual force control capabilities to determine the effect of coupled bimanual movement training on bimanual coordination and motor synergy. Stroke participants (N = 11) completed three bimanual force control tasks at 5, 25, and 50 % of maximum voluntary contraction before and after coupled bimanual movement training. Root mean square error (RMSE), approximate entropy, correlation, and bimanual motor synergy were analyzed in two-way completely within-subjects ANOVAs (Test Session × Force Level: 2 × 3)...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - November 10, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kang N, Cauraugh JH Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Intersegmental coordination of gait after hemorrhagic stroke.
Abstract We compared gait using the planar law of intersegmental coordination between 14 hemorrhagic stroke subjects walking at a self-selected normal speed (56 ± 21 cm/s) and 15 age-matched healthy controls walking at a very slow speed (56 ± 19 cm/s). Sagittal plane elevation angles of the thigh, shank, and foot segments were submitted to principal component analysis. Additional outcome measures included the range of elevation angle and timing of peak elevation angle of the thigh, shank, and foot segments. The range of elevation angles at the shank and foot was significantly smaller in the paretic leg tha...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - September 17, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chow JW, Stokic DS Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

Improved gait adjustments after gait adaptability training are associated with reduced attentional demands in persons with stroke.
This study lends support and guidance for designing a randomized controlled trial to further examine the potential of C-Mill training for improving safe community ambulation after stroke. PMID: 25537466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Brain Research - December 24, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: van Ooijen MW, Heeren A, Smulders K, Geurts AC, Janssen TW, Beek PJ, Weerdesteyn V, Roerdink M Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research

The presence of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene affects the rate of locomotor adaptation after stroke.
Abstract Induction of neural plasticity through motor learning has been demonstrated in animals and humans. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, is thought to play an integral role in modulation of central nervous system plasticity during learning and motor skill recovery. Thirty percent of humans possess a single-nucleotide polymorphism on the BDNF gene (Val66Met), which has been linked to decreased activity-dependent release of BDNF. Presence of the polymorphism has been associated with altered cortical activation, short-term plasticity and altered skil...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - October 20, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Helm EE, Tyrell CM, Pohlig RT, Brady LD, Reisman DS Tags: Exp Brain Res Source Type: research