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Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry

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Total 415 results found since Jan 2013.

A rare cause of headache-the importance of a tissue diagnosis and perseverance
A 64 year old diabetic hypertensive milkman presented in September 2011 with 4 months progressive constant right frontotemporal retro–orbital pain. It was worse at night affecting sleep with slight right field blurring and later vomiting. Full examination including blood pressure was normal with acuities 6/9. Tension type headache was considered. Initial brain CT was reported as normal. With concern about giant cell arteritis steroids were trialled although ESR was 8 and CRP 25 with no other clinical features: pain reduction was short–lived and temporal artery biopsy negative. Symptoms worsened despite analgesi...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Defty, H., Cavazza, A., Warner, G. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Cranial nerves, Headache (including migraine), Neurooncology, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Hypertension, CNS cancer, Ophthalmology, Pain (palliative care), Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Radiology, Disability, Dru Source Type: research

Depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline and dementia in older people independently of cerebral white matter changes: the LADIS study
Conclusions DS are associated with an increase risk of cognitive decline, independent of the effect of WMC, probably due to an additive or synergistic effect. In this context, DS probably represent a subtle ongoing organic dysfunction
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 9, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Verdelho, A., Madureira, S., Moleiro, C., Ferro, J. M., O'Brien, J. T., Poggesi, A., Pantoni, L., Fazekas, F., Scheltens, P., Waldemar, G., Wallin, A., Erkinjuntti, T., Inzitari, D., on behalf of the LADIS Study Tags: Long term care, Dementia, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Mood disorders (including depression), Psychiatry of old age Cognition Source Type: research

Processing of emotional information in the human subthalamic nucleus
Conclusions These results demonstrate that the ventral part of the STN processes the emotional valence of stimuli independently of the motor context and that dopamine enhances processing of pleasant information. These findings confirm the specific involvement of the STN in emotional processes in human, which may underlie the behavioural changes observed in patients with deep brain stimulation.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 13, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Buot, A., Welter, M.-L., Karachi, C., Pochon, J.-B., Bardinet, E., Yelnik, J., Mallet, L. Tags: Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Anxiety disorders (including OCD and PTSD), Mood disorders (including depression) Cognitive neurology Source Type: research

Correction
H Yamauchi, T Higashi, S Kagawa et al. Impaired perfusion modifies the relationship between blood pressure and stroke risk in major cerebral artery disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013;84:1226–1232. In table 3 of this article the number of the patients with decreased CBF/CBV and SBP>170 should be 1 and not 16.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - December 10, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Corrections Source Type: research

Introducing a 'neuropsychiatry' special issue: but what does that mean?
"When I use a word," Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less." Lewis Carroll Journal editors like themed or special issues. It is a chance to appeal to readers of the paper journal, our subscribers, and produce a stimulating, integrated read that will hopefully have some form of ‘added value’. In an era of computerised search engines to identify individual papers out there in the ether, the special issue seems to speak to a journal's identity. The JNNP's identity, since its formation by Kinnear Wilson, has always been bound to the idea of...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Carson, A. J. Tags: Long term care, Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Neurological injury, Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age, Somatoform disorders, Trauma, Injury Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Dopamine transporter imaging with 123IFP-CIT (DaTSCAN) in Parkinson's disease with depressive symptoms: a biological marker for causal relationships?
Comorbidity of depression, or depressive symptoms and Parkinson's disease (PD), is a common condition with a high prevalence,1 which may start developing before the formal clinical diagnosis of PD during the so-called premotor (non-motor or preclinical or prodromal) stage of the disease. Such association may be further strengthened during the progression of continuous neuronal loss and disease. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the association between depression and PD are not clearly understood, and it is hypothesised that changes in brain pathology, neurotransmitter signalling pathways and, particularly, ab...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Grachev, I. D. Tags: Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Mood disorders (including depression) Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

The strange sensation of deja vu: not so strange in temporal lobe epilepsy
He who is faithfully analysing many different cases of epilepsy is doing far more than studying epilepsy.Hughlings Jackson Déjà vu is an infrequent and nebulous mental experience—a mismatch between subjective perceptions of memory and retrieval itself.1 Relative to other memory errors and illusions, it has not received much attention in scientific works. However, one area where déjá vu has been studied consistently is temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)2 and in the spirit of Hughlings Jackson, Warren-Gash and Zeman3 make an important contribution to this field. There has been a constant problem w...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Moulin, C. J. A. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Stroke Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Is there anything distinctive about epileptic deja vu?
Conclusions Déjà vu is common and qualitatively similar whether it occurs as an epileptic aura or normal phenomenon. However ictal déjà vu occurs more frequently and is accompanied by several distinctive features. It is distinguished primarily by ‘the company it keeps’.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Warren-Gash, C., Zeman, A. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Headache (including migraine), Pain (neurology), Stroke Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Diagnosis and management of Marchiafava-Bignami disease: a review of CT/MRI confirmed cases
Conclusions As thiamine deficiency is frequently associated with alcoholism, malnutrition and prolonged vomiting; we recommend prompt treatment of MBD with parenteral thiamine in such subjects. Recovery should be followed by repeated neuropsychological and MRI examinations, preferably using diffusion tensor imaging.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - January 17, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Hillbom, M., Saloheimo, P., Fujioka, S., Wszolek, Z. K., Juvela, S., Leone, M. A. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Neuroimaging, Stroke, Alcohol-related disorders, Drugs misuse (including addiction), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Risk prediction and treatment monitoring are crucial for prevention and management of compulsive dopamine use in Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with severe response fluctuations need protection from caregivers, preventing complications from the psychostimulant features of dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) Despite its positive effects in the treatment for motor symptoms in PD, DRT leads to a number of motor and non-motor side effects. Non-motor side effects include dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) occurring in 3% to 4% of PD patients taking DRT. DDS is characterised by compulsive DRT seeking and hoarding, self-medication and withdrawal symptoms.1 DDS has devastating consequences for daily functioning and is challenging to man...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 6, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: van den Heuvel, O. A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Impulse control disorders, Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia), Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Dopamine dysregulation syndrome in Parkinson's disease: from clinical and neuropsychological characterisation to management and long-term outcome
Conclusions Clinicians should be aware of risk factors predisposing to DDS. Duodenal levodopa infusion and, less consistently, STN-DBS were more commonly associated with DDS remission. Effective caregiving plays a key role in long-term behavioural outcome.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - February 6, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Cilia, R., Siri, C., Canesi, M., Zecchinelli, A. L., De Gaspari, D., Natuzzi, F., Tesei, S., Meucci, N., Mariani, C. B., Sacilotto, G., Zini, M., Ruffmann, C., Pezzoli, G. Tags: JNNP Patients' choice, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Drugs misuse (including addiction) Movement disorders Source Type: research

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: the end of the beginning?
From the clinician's perspective, the study signifies an important step in enabling effective treatment strategies Rapid advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disease over the last two decades. Over that period, major developments have also occurred in other fields of medicine, most notably in the management of cancer. Two-thirds of all cancer patients now survive at 5-years post-diagnosis, with over 28 million cancer survivors worldwide.1 As cancer outcomes improve, there has been increased focus on the long-term quality of life in cancer survivors. Not unexpectedly, neurological complicat...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 5, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Krishnan, A. V., Park, S. B. Tags: Neuromuscular disease, Peripheral nerve disease, Stroke Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Libera nos a malo
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with MS: a solution or a harmful illusion? Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of stenosed jugular and/or azygos veins,1 also known as the ‘liberation treatment’,2 has been proposed as a solution to improve the clinical outcome of MS patients with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI).3 In their paper van Zuuren and colleagues present the summary of a Cochrane systematic review outlining the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic and conclude that there is currently no ev...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 5, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Baracchini, C. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Is the 'liberation procedure' for multiple sclerosis really liberating?
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease, which is immune-mediated, and responds to immune-modulating therapies. However, it is uncertain what antigen, or antigens, trigger the immune system to attack the central nervous system's (CNS's) myelin. Could it be iron? The predominantly venotopic location of MS lesions in the CNS has recently been postulated to be a consequence of congenital stenosis of the internal jugular or azygous veins, causing venous congestion and hypertension, and local transmural extravasation of erythrocytes into the white matter. The erythrocytes subsequently degrade, but the residual iron r...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 5, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Hankey, G. J., Sandercock, P., Cantisani, T. A., Celani, M. G. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke, Hypertension Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in people with multiple sclerosis: a summary of a Cochrane systematic review
Conclusions There is currently no high level evidence to support or refute the efficacy or safety of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for treatment of CCSVI in people with MS. Clinical practice should be guided by evidence supported by well-designed randomised controlled trials: closure of some of the gaps in the evidence may be feasible at completion of the six ongoing clinical trials.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 5, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: van Zuuren, E. J., Fedorowicz, Z., Pucci, E., Jagannath, V., Robak, E. W. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Multiple sclerosis, Stroke Source Type: research