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Emerging Feature Extraction Techniques for Machine Learning-Based Classification of Carotid Artery Ultrasound Images
This study presents the extraction of 65 features, which constitute of shape, texture, histogram, correlogram, and morphology features. Principal component analysis (PCA)-based feature selection is performed, and the 22 most significant features, which will improve the classification accuracy, are selected. Naive Bayes algorithm and dynamic learning vector quantization (DLVQ)-based machine learning classifications are performed with the extracted and selected features, and analysis is performed.PMID:35602622 | PMC:PMC9119795 | DOI:10.1155/2022/1847981
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 23, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: S Latha P Muthu Samiappan Dhanalakshmi R Kumar Khin Wee Lai Xiang Wu Source Type: research

Learning-based initialization for correntropy-based level sets to segment atherosclerotic plaque in ultrasound images
This study proposes an automatic method for atherosclerotic plaque segmentation by using correntropy-based level sets (CLS) with learning-based initialization. We introduce the CLS model, containing the point-based local bias-field corrected image fitting method and correntropy-based distance measurement, to overcome the limitations of the ultrasound images. A supervised learning algorithm is employed to solve the automatic initialization problem of the variational methods. The proposed atherosclerotic plaque segmentation method is validated on 29 carotid ultrasound images, obtaining a Dice ratio of 90.6 ± 1.9% and an ove...
Source: Ultrasonics - September 4, 2022 Category: Physics Authors: Chunjun Qian Enjie Su Xinye Ni Source Type: research

Deep learning based on carotid transverse B-mode scan videos for the diagnosis of carotid plaque: a prospective multicenter study
ConclusionsThe DL model based on US videos corresponding to real examinations showed robust performance for plaque detection and significantly improved the diagnostic performance of junior radiologists.Key Points• The deep learning model based on US videos conforming to real examinations showed robust performance for plaque detection.• Computer-aided diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnostic performance of junior radiologists in clinical practice.
Source: European Radiology - December 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Magnetic Targeting Nanocarriers Combined with Focusing Ultrasound for Enhanced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Therapy
A magnetic targeting nanocarrier loaded with a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist (15d-PGJ2-MNPs) is magnetically targeted to the area of the hematoma with the subsequent application of focusing ultrasound for alleviating brain injury, accelerating hematoma clearance, attenuating neuroinflammation, and reducing the brain edema in the intracerebral hemorrhage mouse model. AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the world, and surgery is still the most direct and effective way to remove ICH. However, the potential risks brought by surgery, suc...
Source: Small - January 27, 2023 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tianyi Wang, Huali Lei, Xiang Li, Nailin Yang, Cheng Ma, Guangqiang Li, Xiang Gao, Jun Ge, Zhuang Liu, Liang Cheng, Gang Chen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The Great Contrast Shortage of 2022 —Lessons learnt in Australia
ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that the IBCM shortage crisis had a very significant impact on the delivery of healthcare. While V/Q scans could (partially) substitute for CTPA studies in suspected pulmonary emboli, there appeared to be no valid alternative for CTNA studies in stroke calls. The unexpected and critical shortage of IBCM forced healthcare professionals to conserve resources, prioritise indications, triage patients based on risk, explore alternate imaging strategies and prepare for similar events recurring in the future.
Source: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology - May 18, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Giles Kisby, James H Seow, Greg Schie, Constantine C Phatouros, Kay ‐Vin Lam, Tracey Muir, Sally Burrows, Paul M Parizel Tags: Medical Imaging —Original Article Source Type: research

Computed tomography angiography-based radiomics model for predicting carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability
This study aimed to identify radiomic features associated with the neovascularization of CAP and construct a prediction model for CAP vulnerability based on radiomic features. CTA data and clinical data of patients with CAPs who underwent CTA and CEUS between January 2018 and December 2021 in Beijing Hospital were retrospectively collected. The data were divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort using a 7:3 split. According to the examination of CEUS, CAPs were dichotomized into vulnerable and stable groups. 3D Slicer software was used to delineate the region of interest in CTA images, and the Pyradiomics package...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

HIT-Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia Simulation Case
Discussion: The simulation improved awareness of the symptoms of HIT and contraindications of immediate platelet and/or heparin initiation upon vessel occlusion and thrombocytopenia discovery.Topics: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, pain control, resuscitation efforts, coagulation disorders, history taking, undifferentiated patient, arterial occlusion, hematology, emergency medicine simulation.PMID:37465544 | PMC:PMC10332759 | DOI:10.21980/J89Q0M
Source: Pain Physician - July 19, 2023 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Shaza Aouthmany Alyssa Siano De Ante' Russ Mark Bustillo Source Type: research

Ultrasound-Based Image Analysis for Predicting Carotid Artery Stenosis Risk: A Comprehensive Review of the Problem, Techniques, Datasets, and Future Directions
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Aug 7;13(15):2614. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13152614.ABSTRACTThe carotid artery is a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the brain. Plaque buildup in the arteries can lead to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, ruptured arteries, and even death. Both invasive and non-invasive methods are used to detect plaque buildup in the arteries, with ultrasound imaging being the first line of diagnosis. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing literature on ultrasound image analysis methods for detecting and characterizing plaque buildup in the carotid artery. The r...
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 12, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Najmath Ottakath Somaya Al-Maadeed Susu M Zughaier Omar Elharrouss Hanadi Hassen Mohammed Muhammad E H Chowdhury Ahmed Bouridane Source Type: research

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