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Rehabilomics: A state-of-the-art review of framework, application, and future considerations
Rehabilomics is an important research framework that allows omics research built upon rehabilitation practice, especially in function evaluation, outcome prediction, and individualized rehabilitation. In the field of rehabilomics, biomarkers can serve as objectively measured indicators for body functioning, so as to complement the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) assessment. Studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and Parkinson's disease have shown that biomarkers (such as serum markers, MRI, and digital signals derived from sensors) are correlated with diagnosis, disease s...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A survey of deep learning for MRI brain tumor segmentation methods: Trends, challenges, and future directions
ConclusionThis review's objective is to increase scholars' interest in this difficult field and familiarize them with current advancements in it. To create CAD systems aimed at brain tumor identification using MR images, digital image processing approaches, such as preprocessing, segmentation, and classification, are applied. The classic machine learning and deep learning approaches for brain tumor identification are deliberated in this work. This paper provides a summary of commonly used MR image datasets. For classification, various machine learning and deep learning algorithms have been used. This survey examines curren...
Source: Health and Technology - February 27, 2023 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 22, Pages 9891: Improving Inertial Sensor-Based Activity Recognition in Neurological Populations
This study proposes a novel framework to overcome the challenge of creating rich and diverse datasets for HAR in neurological populations. The framework produces images from numerical inertial time-series data (initial state) and then artificially augments the number of produced images (enhanced state) to achieve a larger dataset. Here, we used convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures by utilizing image input. In addition, CNN enables transfer learning which enables limited datasets to benefit from models that are trained with big data. Initially, two benchmarked public datasets were used to verify the framework. A...
Source: Sensors - December 15, 2022 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Celik Aslan Sabanci Stuart Woo Godfrey Tags: Article Source Type: research

Neuro faces of beneficial T cells: essential in brain, impaired in aging and neurological diseases, and activated functionally by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
Neural Regen Res. 2023 Jun;18(6):1165-1178. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.357903.ABSTRACTT cells are essential for a healthy life, performing continuously: immune surveillance, recognition, protection, activation, suppression, assistance, eradication, secretion, adhesion, migration, homing, communications, and additional tasks. This paper describes five aspects of normal beneficial T cells in the healthy or diseased brain. First, normal beneficial T cells are essential for normal healthy brain functions: cognition, spatial learning, memory, adult neurogenesis, and neuroprotection. T cells decrease secondary neuronal degeneration,...
Source: Cell Research - December 1, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Mia Levite Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 27, Pages 7174: Repurposing SGLT2 Inhibitors for Neurological Disorders: A Focus on the Autism Spectrum Disorder
l Akour Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantially increasing incidence rate. It is characterized by repetitive behavior, learning difficulties, deficits in social communication, and interactions. Numerous medications, dietary supplements, and behavioral treatments have been recommended for the management of this condition, however, there is no cure yet. Recent studies have examined the therapeutic potential of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in neurodevelopmental diseases, based on their proved anti-inflammatory effects, such as downregulating the express...
Source: Molecules - October 23, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mohammed Moutaz Nakhal Salahdein Aburuz Bassem Sadek Amal Akour Tags: Review Source Type: research

Researchers find link between Parkinson ' s gene and vocal issues that could lead to earlier diagnosis
This study was supported in part by funds from the Parkinson ' s and Movement Disorder Foundation, the University of Arizona ' sAccelerate for Success Program andCore Facilities Pilot Program, and departmental startup funds. The research was also supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health under award number R21NS123512. Medina ' s work was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under National Science Foundation award number DGE-1746060, the University of Arizona ' s Initiative for Maximizing Student Development under Nationa...
Source: The University of Arizona: Health - May 2, 2022 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: mittank Source Type: research

Evaluating and Characterizing an Individually-Tailored Community Exercise Program for Older Adults With Chronic Neurological Conditions: A Mixed-Methods Study
J Aging Phys Act. 2022 Mar 16:1-14. doi: 10.1123/japa.2021-0292. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA mixed-methods approach was used to study an individually-tailored community exercise program for people with a range of chronic neurological conditions (e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury, brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease) and abilities. The program was delivered to older adults (mean age: 62 ± 9 years) with chronic neurological conditions across a 12-week and an 8-week term. Participants attended 88% of sessions and completed 89% of prescribed exercises in those sessions. There were no adverse events. Clini...
Source: Journal of Aging and Physical Activity - March 16, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Vithusha Coomaran Ali Khan Erin Tyson Holly Bardutz Tristan D Hopper Cameron S Mang Source Type: research

Structure-Based Virtual Screening to Identify Negative Allosteric Modulators of NMDA
CONCLUSION: The product of the study are compounds which have been validated through pharmacophore and score-based screening and MD simulation techniques to be allosterically inhibiting NMDA receptors and with favorable pharmacokinetic profile are likely to be therapeutic agents ready for in-vitro and in-vivo testing.PMID:35249502 | DOI:10.2174/1573406418666220304224150
Source: Medicinal Chemistry - March 7, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zaid Anis Sherwani Ruqaiya Khalil Mohammad Nur-E-Alam Sarfaraz Ahmed Zaheer Ul-Haq Source Type: research

A review on the neuroprotective effect of berberine against chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment
Curr Drug Targets. 2022 Mar 3. doi: 10.2174/1389450123666220303094752. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChemobrain is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy, despite increased research, the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes remain unknown. Though, several possibly important candidate mechanisms have been identified and will be studied further in the future. Chemobrain is characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, difficulty in language, concentration, acceleration, and learning. The major characteristic of chemobrain is oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune dysregulatio...
Source: Current Drug Targets - March 4, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kuleshwar Sahu Sukhdev Singh Bhawna Devi Charan Singh Arti Singh Source Type: research

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