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Total 79 results found since Jan 2013.

Microbiological Etiologies of Pneumonia Complicating Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—Although the analysis was limited by small and heterogeneous study populations, limiting determination of microbiological causality, this review suggests aerobic Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci are frequently associated with pneumonia complicating stroke. This supports the need for appropriately designed studies to determine microbial cause and a consensus-based approach in antibiotic usage and further targeted antibiotic treatment trials for enhanced antibiotic stewardship.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Amit K. Kishore, Andy Vail, Adam R. Jeans, Angel Chamorro, Mario Di Napoli, Lalit Kalra, Peter Langhorne, Christine Roffe, Willeke Westendorp, Paul J. Nederkoorn, Javier Garau, Diederik van de Beek, Joan Montaner, Mark Woodhead, Andreas Meisel, Craig J. S Tags: Complications, Meta Analysis, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Administration Mediated Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelin Formation in Subcortical Ischemic Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— BDNF administration exerted better functional outcome, oligodendrogenesis, remyelination, and fiber connectivity than controls in rats subjected to subcortical damage in ischemic stroke.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramos-Cejudo, J., Gutierrez-Fernandez, M., Otero-Ortega, L., Rodriguez-Frutos, B., Fuentes, B., Vallejo-Cremades, M. T., Hernanz, T. N., Cerdan, S., Diez-Tejedor, E. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Neuroprotectors Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Misdiagnosis in Young Patients with Ischemic Stroke (P7.122)
Conclusions It is essential to increase awareness that young patients with stroke may present to emergency department with minor symptoms of artery dissection mainly involving the posterior circulation and lacking cardiovascular risk factors.Disclosure: Dr. Leon has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pantiu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Quiroga has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bonardo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Uribe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mazziotti has received research support from Shire Pharmaceuticals Group. Dr. Zinnerman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Martinez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sotelo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ju...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Leon, L., Pantiu, F., Quiroga, J., Bonardo, P., Uribe, C., Mazziotti, J., Zinnerman, A., Martinez, A., Sotelo, A., Jure, L., Nofal, P., Bendersky, E., Sposato, L. A., Riccio, P., Reisin, R., Fernandez Pardal, M. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Stroke in Young Source Type: research

Rosiglitazone Promotes White Matter Integrity and Long-Term Functional Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Rosiglitazone treatment improves long-term white matter integrity after cerebral ischemia, at least, in part, by promoting oligodendrogenesis and facilitating microglial polarization toward the beneficial M2 phenotype.
Source: Stroke - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Han, L., Cai, W., Mao, L., Liu, J., Li, P., Leak, R. K., Xu, Y., Hu, X., Chen, J. Tags: Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Basic Sciences Source Type: research

A study of the correlation between stroke and gut microbiota over the last 20years: a bibliometric analysis
ConclusionFindings suggest that in the next 10 years, the number of publications produced annually may increase significantly. Future research trends tend to concentrate on the mechanisms of stroke and gut microbiota, with the inflammation and immunological mechanisms, TMAO, and fecal transplantation as hotspots. And the relationship between these mechanisms and a particular cardiovascular illness may also be a future research trend.
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - June 7, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

The model homologue of the partially defective human 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, considered as a risk factor for stroke due to increased homocysteine level, can be protected and reactivated by heat shock proteins
AbstractThe A222  V substitution in the humanMTHFR gene product (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) is responsible for a decreased activity of this enzyme. This may cause an increased homocysteine level, considered as a risk factor for arteriosclerosis and stroke. The bacterial homologue of the human enzyme, MetF, has been found to be a useful model in genetic and biochemical studies. The similarity ofEscherichia coli MetF and human MTHFR proteins is so high that particular mutations in the corresponding human gene can be reflected by the bacterial mutants. For example, the A222  V substitution in MTHFR (caused by...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - September 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

PAR1 biased signaling is required for activated protein C in vivo benefits in sepsis and stroke
Activated protein C (APC) cleaves protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) in vitro at R46 to initiate beneficial cell signaling; however, thrombin and APC can cleave at R41. To elucidate PAR1-dependent aspects of the pharmacologic in vivo mechanisms of APC, we generated C57BL/6 mouse strains carrying QQ41 or QQ46 point mutations in PAR1 (F2r gene). Using these strains, we determined whether or not recombinant murine signaling-selective APC mutants would reduce septic death or provide neuroprotection against ischemic stroke when mice carried PAR1-homozygous mutations that prevent cleavage at either R41 or R46. Intercrossing PA...
Source: Blood - March 15, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Sinha, R. K., Wang, Y., Zhao, Z., Xu, X., Burnier, L., Gupta, N., Fernandez, J. A., Martin, G., Kupriyanov, S., Mosnier, L. O., Zlokovic, B. V., Griffin, J. H. Tags: Plenary Papers, Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Vascular Biology Source Type: research

Gut Dysbiosis Is Associated With the Severity of Cryptogenic Stroke and Enhanced Systemic Inflammatory Response
In conclusion, gut dysbiosis in CS patients was associated with the severity of CS and the systemic inflammation. Maintaining the intestinal homeostasis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of CS.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 6, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Neuregulin-1/PI3K signaling effects on oligodendrocyte proliferation, remyelination and behaviors deficit in a male mouse model of ischemic stroke
In this study, we investigated the effect of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) on demyelination and neurological function in an ischemic stroke model, and further explored its neuroprotective mechanisms. Adult male ICR mice underwent photothrombotic ischemia surgery and were injected with NRG1 beginning 30 min after ischemia. Cylinder and grid walking tests were performed to evaluate the forepaw function. In addition, the effect of NRG1 on neuronal damage/death (Cresyl violet, CV), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), nestin, doublecortin (DCX), myelin basic protein (MBP), non-phosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI-32), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC),...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Mai Yin Cui Yan Qiong Fu Zhuo Li Li Yu Zheng Yi Yu Chan Zhang Yun Qi Zhang Bing Rui Gao Wu Yue Chen Yun-Lyul Lee Moo-Ho Won Min Liao Yong Jian Bai Hui Chen Source Type: research

Time-series Analysis of Heat Waves and Emergency Department Visits in Atlanta, 1993 to 2012
Conclusions: Heat waves can confer additional risks of ED visits beyond those of daily air temperature, even in a region with high air-conditioning prevalence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP44 Received: 29 February 2016 Revised: 13 October 2016 Accepted: 24 October 2016 Published: 31 May 2017 Address correspondence to H.H. Chang, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. Telephone: (404) 712-4627; E-mail: howard.chang@emory.edu Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP44). The authors declare they have no actual ...
Source: EHP Research - May 31, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Terrie Young Tags: Research Source Type: research

E-019 tcar
ConclusionsOur analysis of a single-center cohort demonstrates that TCAR is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic carotid stenosis, with a low perioperative stroke risk. The present study’s findings concur with the combined adverse outcome rate of 3.5% reported in the ROADSTER trial.Disclosures A. Bajaj: None. S. Monje: None. C. Ayala: None. J. Poggi: None. E. Shaaya: None. J. Feler: None. K. Moldovan: None. C. Doberstein: None. R. McTaggart: None. R. Torabi: None.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 23, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bajaj, A., Monje, S., Ayala, C., Poggi, J., Shaaya, E., Feler, J., Moldovan, K., Doberstein, C., McTaggart, R., Torabi, R. Tags: SNIS 19th annual meeting electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

F1FO ATP synthase molecular motor mechanisms
The F-ATP synthase, consisting of F1 and FO motors connected by a central rotor and the stators, is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing the majority of ATP in all organisms. The F1 (αβ)3 ring stator contains three catalytic sites. Single-molecule F1 rotation studies revealed that ATP hydrolysis at each catalytic site (0°) precedes a power-stroke that rotates subunit-γ 120° with angular velocities that vary with rotational position. Catalytic site conformations vary relative to subunit-γ position (βE, empty; βD, ADP bound; βT, ATP-bound). During a power stroke, βE binds ATP (0°–60°) and βD releases ADP (6...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - August 23, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

An experimental system for controlled exposure of biological samples to electrostatic discharges.
Abstract Electrostatic discharges occur naturally as lightning strokes, and artificially in light sources and in materials processing. When an electrostatic discharge interacts with living matter, the basic physical effects can be accompanied by biophysical and biochemical phenomena, including cell excitation, electroporation, and electrofusion. To study these phenomena, we developed an experimental system that provides easy sample insertion and removal, protection from airborne particles, observability during the experiment, accurate discharge origin positioning, discharge delivery into the sample either through ...
Source: Bioelectrochemistry - September 10, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Marjanovič I, Kotnik T Tags: Bioelectrochemistry Source Type: research