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Stroke in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Botswana: A Report of Six Cases (P4.303)
CONCLUSIONS: The risk of stroke appears to be increased in children with HIV, though further controlled studies are necessary to further investigate this. Etiologies for stroke in children with HIV includes HIV vasculopathy, HIV cardiomyopathy, and opportunistic infections. Evaluation should include head imaging with vascular imaging, MRI with MRA if possible, and CT. The utility of lumbar puncture and hypercoaguability workup in this population needs to be investigated further. Given the difficulties of monitoring anticoagulation in this setting, low dose aspirin is a reasonable first line treatment.Disclosure: Dr. Khuran...
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Khurana, E., Bearden, D. Tags: NeuroAIDS Source Type: research

Stroke in HIV-infected African Americans: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract The risk of having a first stroke is nearly twice as high among African Americans compared to Caucasians. HIV/AIDS is an independent risk factor for stroke. Our study aimed to report the risk factors and short-term clinical outcomes of African Americans with HIV infection and new-onset stroke admitted at the Johns Hopkins Hospitals (2000–2012). Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the association between potential predictors and odds of an unfavorable outcome, defined as a higher modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on hospital discharge. African Americans comprised 105/125 (84 %) of HIV-inf...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - July 9, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Use of aspirin and statins for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection
This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated whether HIV-infected patients received aspirin and statins for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke. Among the 258 patients included, 50.4% (n = 130/258) of the patients had a high risk of myocardial infarction and 14% (n = 36/258) of stroke. Overall, 43.1% (n = 56/130) and 50% (n = 18/36) of the patients were prescribed aspirin for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke, respectively. Among the patients who required statin therapy, 42.5% (n = 34/80) and 37.1% (n = 13/35) of patients received it for the primary prevention of myoca...
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - April 6, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Park, T. E., Yusuff, J., Sharma, R. Tags: Original research articles Source Type: research

Evaluating the Effect of a Patient Decision Aid for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Prevention Therapy.
Conclusion and Relevance: Our PDA was effective for reducing decisional conflict, increasing patient knowledge, eliciting patients' values, and presenting therapy options that aligned with patients' values and preferences. Using the PDA revealed that many patients have therapy preferences different from their currently prescribed treatment. The PDA is a practical and potentially valuable tool to facilitate decision making about stroke prevention therapy for AF. PMID: 30724102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Loewen PS, Bansback N, Hicklin J, Andrade JG, Kapanen AI, Kwan L, Lynd LD, McClean A, MacGillivray J, Salmasi S Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

Availability of patient decision aids for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review
The objective of this review was to examine the existence and accessibility of, as well as select outcomes associated with, published, formally evaluated patient decision aids for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Methods Six databases were searched from inception to March 2016 with a research librarian. Two authors independently reviewed potential articles, selected trials meeting inclusion criteria, and assessed outcome measures. Outcomes included: patient knowledge, involvement, choice, and decisional conflict. Results The search resulted in 666 articles; most were excluded for not examining stroke prevention in...
Source: American Heart Journal - June 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A risk assessment tool incorporating new biomarkers for cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndromes: the Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS) risk score
Conclusions The addition of NT-proBNP and hemoglobin A1C to 5 standard variables creates a 7-variable risk score that improves prediction of cardiovascular events at 1 year and aids in risk-based selection of NSTEACS patients for dual antiplatelet therapy. Teaser Several new biomarkers improve risk stratification in non-ST-segment elevation ACS, however they are not integrated into risk prediction tools. A risk score to predict CV death/MI/stroke was developed by incorporating new biomarkers with standard variables. The addition of NT-proBNP and hemoglobin A1C to 5 standard variables (age, prior MI/stroke, sex, ST-segment ...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - February 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

HIV-positive adults are under-treated for cardiovascular problems compared to those without HIV
This study provides evidence that U.S. policymakers and professional societies should focus on improving the quality of the cardiovascular care that people who are HIV-positive receive.AUTHORSStudy authors are Dr. Joseph Ladapo, Dr. Adam Richards, Cassandra DeWitt, Nina Harawa, Steven Shoptaw, Dr. William Cunningham and Dr. John Mafi, all of UCLA. Mafi is also associated with Rand Corporation.JOURNALThestudy is published in the Journal of the American Heart Association.FUNDINGGrants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, and National Institute of Men...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - November 22, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Unusual Presentation of Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning (P6.024)
CONCLUSIONCO poisoning should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients found to have isolated bilateral thalamic involvement. MR imaging undertaken in acute setting aids in management and prognosis. Follow-up is required to assess for the development of Delayed Neuropsychiatric Syndrome, which can cause changes in personality, memory and gait.Disclosure: Dr. Bains has nothing to disclose. Dr. Reid has nothing to disclose. Dr. Huang has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Bains, S., Reid, D., Huang, X. Tags: General Neurology VI Source Type: research

Improving anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation: observational study in three primary care trusts.
CONCLUSIONS: The APEL programme supports improvement in clinical managing AF by a combined programme of education around agreed guidance, computer aids to facilitate decision-making and patient review and feedback of locally identifiable results. If replicated nationally over 3 years, such a programme could result in approximately 1600 fewer strokes every year. PMID: 24771841 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The British Journal of General Practice - May 1, 2014 Category: Primary Care Authors: Robson J, Dostal I, Mathur R, Sohanpal R, Hull S, Antoniou S, Maccallum P, Schilling R, Ayerbe L, Boomla K Tags: Br J Gen Pract Source Type: research