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Screening for the primary prevention of fragility fractures among adults aged 40 years and older in primary care: systematic reviews of the effects and acceptability of screening and treatment, and the accuracy of risk prediction tools
ConclusionAn offer of 2-step screening with risk assessment and BMD measurement toselected postmenopausal females with low prevalence of prior fracture probably results in a small reduction in the risk of clinical fragility fracture and hip fracture compared to no screening. These findings were most applicable to the use of clinical FRAX for risk assessment and were not replicated in theoffer-to-screen population where the rate of response to mailed screening questionnaires was low. Limited direct evidence on harms of screening were available; using study data to provide estimates, there may be a moderate degree of overdia...
Source: Systematic Reviews - March 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post ‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
This article is about how the neurological aspects of long COVID (fatigue, neurogenic pain, loss of ability to taste or smell), can be best understood, and treated. For this purpose, the literature on TNF and brain function, both physiological and disease-associated, and how this is being applied to various long-term neurodegenerative conditions, is discussed. AbstractThe chronic neurological aspects of traumatic brain injury, post-stroke syndromes, long COVID-19, persistent Lyme disease, and influenza encephalopathy having close pathophysiological parallels that warrant being investigated in an integrated manner. A mechan...
Source: Pharmacology Research and Perspectives - February 17, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ian Albert Clark Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Doctors Are Worried About the Unprecedented Drop in Emergency Room Visits During the COVID-19 Pandemic
In late May, an otherwise relatively healthy New York City woman began having trouble speaking, and she felt weak on the right side of her body. But she could still walk and take care of herself, and with the coronavirus pandemic raging, visiting a hospital seemed too dangerous. The next day, her speech had gotten worse, and she could barely move the right side of her body. Her family called 911 and she was rushed to the hospital, where doctors determined she had suffered a stroke. By the time the woman left the hospital, she was no longer able to walk by herself, and was having difficulty speaking and understanding other...
Source: TIME: Health - June 4, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alejandro de la Garza Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Orally Administered Crocin Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through the Metabolic Transformation of Crocetin by Gut Microbiota
Conclusion Collectively, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic association studies provide evidence that the gut microbiota plays a vital role in the fate of crocin and crocetin in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the cross-interaction between gut microbiota and crocin might mediate the activation of the cerebral-protective effect of orally administered crocin. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of ‘Institutional Animal Research Committee guidelines, Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University.’ The protocol was approved by the ‘An...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Quality of Care Indicators in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): Influenza Vaccination and Routine Eye Examination Are Associated with Outpatient Utilization but Not Acute Hospital Care, Whereas Comorbidity Indexes Are Strongly Associated with Both
In conclusion, outpatient-based candidate quality indicators of care examined (influenza vaccination and eye examination), were associated with increased outpatient utilization, but not acute visits or hospitalizations. Co-morbidity indexes have significant confounding effects on outpatient and hospital utilization. Administrative data based quality indicators of care such as influenza vaccination, as well as SCD specific comorbidity indexes warrant further studies as these may help better understand optimal allocation of health care resources for patients with SCD.DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Adamkiewicz, T., Baltrus, P., Li, C., Carter-Wicker, K., Gaglioti, A. Tags: 903. Outcomes Research-Non-Malignant Hematology: Poster II Source Type: research

A True Hematologic Emergency
​BY GREGORY TAYLOR, DO, & JACKLYN M​CPARLANE, DO​A 33-year-old woman with a past medical history of sickle cell SS presented to the emergency department with chest pain, difficulty breathing, and a cough for two days. Her chest pain was diffuse, without radiation, and partially reproducible. Her cough was nonproductive, and she also reported fever and chills.The patient noted this was different from her normal back and leg pain from past sickle cell crises. She was following up with a sickle cell specialist, and was compliant with her hydroxyurea treatment.Her temperature was 102.8°F, blood pressure was 94/60 mm...
Source: The Case Files - June 26, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

Emergency Department Intervention May Reduce Suicide Attempts in At-Risk Patients
Astudy published April 29 inJAMA Psychiatry reports that a multifaceted intervention incorporating screening, safety planning guidance, and periodic telephone follow-up can reduce the risk of suicidal behavior in at-risk individuals who present in the emergency department (ED).The reductions were modest but clinically significant; compared with usual ED treatment, the number of patients who attempted suicide dropped by about 20% and the total number of suicide attempts dropped by about 30%.“We would like to have had an even stronger effect, but the fact that we were able to impact attempts with this population and w...
Source: Psychiatr News - May 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Tags: emergency department suicidal risk suicide prevention suicide screening Source Type: research

What Causes Hyperammonemia?
Discussion Reye’s syndrome (RS)is named for Dr. Douglas Reye who along with Drs. G. Morgan and J. Baral described encephalopathy and fatty accumulation and degeneration in children in a 1963 Lancet article. RS usually affects children but can occur at all ages. All organs can be affected but the liver and brain are primarily affected causing liver failure and encephalopathy as toxic metabolites (especially ammonia) accumulate, and intracranial hypertension and cerebral edema occurs. As the ammonia levels begin to rise (> 100 mg/dL) patients lose their appetite, have nausea and emesis and mental status changes whic...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - February 20, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Neither ibuprofen nor steam improves symptom control compared with paracetamol in patients with acute respiratory tract infections in primary care
Commentary on: Little P, Moore M, Kelly J, et al.. Ibuprofen, paracetamol, and steam for patients with respiratory tract infections in primary care: pragmatic randomised factorial trial. BMJ 2013;347:f6041. Context The achievement of symptom control in patients with respiratory infections is an ongoing challenge, particularly within primary care. Patients and clinicians often view antibiotics, alongside other supportive medication, as the most expeditious intervention to achieve this goal. While we have learnt that antibiotics provide only very limited benefit in cases when bacterial infection is not suspected,1 2 the effe...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Schuetz, P. Tags: General practice / family medicine, Influenza, Otitis, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Ischaemic heart disease, Pain (palliative care), Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology Therapeutics Source Type: research

Top medicine articles for April 2014
A collection of some interesting medical articles published recently:A Big Bet on Gluten-Free: 11% of households reporting purchases of gluten-free foods in 2013 (doubled in 3 yrs). 30% of the public says it would like to cut back on the amount of gluten it’s eating. "There is a growing population of people who have somehow heard that gluten-free is healthier or think of it as fashionable, and when they remove gluten from their diet, they’re inadvertently taking out a lot of processed foods and are really feeling the benefits of eating healthier foods.” http://buff.ly/1mt9phmNew nomenclature and classifications are p...
Source: Clinical Cases and Images - April 23, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Health News of the Day Source Type: news

Treatment of Post-Influenza Vaccination Induced Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) with Plasma Exchange - A Case Report (P4.036)
DISCUSSION:Influenza vaccination has been rarely linked to ADEM. Due to a low-incidence of the disease, there are no established treatment guidelines. Our patient did not respond to steroids but showed marked radiographic improvement with PE. PE should be considered for refractory ADEM after influenza vaccination.Disclosure: Dr. Chahil has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pillainayagam has nothing to disclose. Dr. Schulz has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Chahil, M., Pillainayagam, C., Schulz, P. Tags: General Neurology III Source Type: research