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Specialty: Urology & Nephrology
Condition: Heart Failure

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Total 162 results found since Jan 2013.

Hypertension in the elderly: A reappraisal
Publication date: April–June 2013 Source:Clinical Queries: Nephrology, Volume 2, Issue 2 Author(s): Prerna Kapoor , Aditya Kapoor The elderly are the most rapidly growing demographic subset of world population. Not only does the prevalence of hypertension increase with age, but elderly patients also have increased prevalence of co-morbidities like coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, chronic renal impairment, stroke and cognitive decline. Managing hypertension in elderly patients represents a therapeutic challenge for physicians and till recently the overall benefits of treating these patients remained un...
Source: Clinical Queries: Nephrology - November 1, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Hypertension emergencies and urgencies
Publication date: January–March 2013 Source:Clinical Queries: Nephrology, Volume 2, Issue 1 Author(s): Sudeep Kumar , Tanuj Bhatia , Aditya Kapoor Where at one hand, the vast majority of hypertensive patients succumb to the complications of hypertension like atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular diseases and congestive heart failure, a subset of these have an exacerbation in this gradual course that needs acute management in the blood pressure control and plays a role in short term outcomes. These hypertensive crises are now encountered more frequently, in more diverse and aging population than in earlier times. Despite the...
Source: Clinical Queries: Nephrology - November 1, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Disease: Results from the CRIC Study.
Conclusions: Self-reported heart failure was an independent risk factor for the development of the endpoint of ESRD or 50% decline in GFR in a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel. PMID: 25401485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - November 11, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Rahman M, Xie D, Feldman HI, Go AS, He J, Kusek JW, Lash J, Miller Iii ER, Ojo A, Pan Q, Seliger SL, Steigerwalt S, Townsend RR Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases - Review
NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) is an acute phase protein, participating in antibacterial immunity. NGAL forms a complex with metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), thereby increasing its activity and preventing its degradation. NGAL is freely filtered through the glomerular membrane and reabsorbed by endocytosis in the proximal tubule. NGAL detected in urine is produced mainly in the distal nephron. Elevated serum and urine NGAL allows diagnosis of acute kidney injury approximately 24 hours earlier than plasma creatinine concentration. Increased levels of NGAL were detected in patients with acute myocardial infarc...
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - December 24, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Effects of Sleepiness on Survival in Japanese Hemodialysis Patients: J-DOPPS Study
Sleep disorder and poor sleep quality are common in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. They have been claimed as a cause of morbidity and mortality. The relationship between the degree of sleepiness and survival has not been studied. We studied the degree of sleepiness in 1,252 adult HD patients (age ≥20 years) recruited into the Dialysis Outcomes Practice Pattern Study in Japan (J-DOPPS III), using the Japanese version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (JESS) questionnaire. Demographic data were presented for three subgroups: low, intermediate, and high JESS score. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performe...
Source: Nephron Clinical Practice - January 8, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Subclinical Atherosclerosis Measures for Cardiovascular Prediction in CKD
In conclusion, each measure improved cardiovascular risk prediction in subjects with CKD, with the greatest improvement observed with coronary artery calcium score.
Source: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN - January 30, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Matsushita, K., Sang, Y., Ballew, S. H., Shlipak, M., Katz, R., Rosas, S. E., Peralta, C. A., Woodward, M., Kramer, H. J., Jacobs, D. R., Sarnak, M. J., Coresh, J. Tags: Clinical Epidemiology Source Type: research

Development and Validation of a Model to Predict 5-Year Risk of Death without ESRD among Older Adults with CKD.
CONCLUSIONS: A simple prediction tool using nine readily available clinical variables can assist in predicting 5-year mortality risk in elderly patients with CKD, which may be useful in counseling patients and guiding clinical decision making. PMID: 25710804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN - February 20, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bansal N, Katz R, De Boer IH, Peralta CA, Fried LF, Siscovick DS, Rifkin DE, Hirsch C, Cummings SR, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Sarnak MJ, Shlipak MG, Ix JH Tags: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Source Type: research

Epidemiologic insights on the role of fibroblast growth factor 23 in cardiovascular disease
Purpose of review: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis and rises as kidney function declines. Animal studies have demonstrated direct and indirect effects of FGF23 that may promote heart disease. Herein, we review the recent epidemiologic literature evaluating the relationship between FGF23 and cardiovascular disease. Recent findings: In observational prospective studies, higher FGF23 associates with a greater risk of incident cardiovascular disease including ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These studies establish a temporal sequence of e...
Source: Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension - April 14, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTION: Edited by Navdeep Tangri Source Type: research

Association Between Kidney Function, Rehabilitation Outcome, and Survival in Older Patients Discharged From Inpatient Rehabilitation
Conclusions eGFR category and Barthel score are independent risk markers for survival in older rehabilitation patients, but advanced CKD does not preclude successful rehabilitation.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - June 2, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Kidney Measures with Diabetes and Hypertension on Cardiovascular Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
CONCLUSION: Although individuals with DM and HTN generally had higher cardiovascular risk relative to those without these complications, both low eGFR and high ACR were associated with cardiovascular diseases regardless of the presence or absence of DM and HTN. These findings reinforce the importance of CKD in cardiovascular outcomes. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel. PMID: 26139323 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - June 30, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alexander N, Matsushita K, Sang Y, Ballew S, Mahmoodi BK, Astor BC, Coresh J Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

Serum Bicarbonate and Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the RENAAL (Reduction of End Points in Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes With the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) Study and IDNT (Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial)
Conclusions In this cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, serum bicarbonate level associations with kidney disease end points were not retained after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate, which is in contrast to results of earlier studies in nondiabetic populations.
Source: American Journal of Kidney Diseases - August 21, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Intervention Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Long-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes.
CONCLUSION: AKI is associated with long-term CV events after surgery or endovascular intervention. PMID: 26495853 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - October 24, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Saratzis A, Harrison S, Barratt J, Sayers RD, Sarafidis PA, Bown MJ Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

A Randomized Trial of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control
In this RCT, a intensive BP target of less than 120 mm Hg was compared to a standard target of less than 140 mm Hg. The primary outcome (a composite of myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndromes, stroke, heart failure, or death from cardiovascular causes) was reduced (1.65% per year vs. 2.19% per year; HR with intensive treatment, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.89; P
Source: Nephrology Now - November 10, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Nephrology Now editors Tags: Hypertension Source Type: research

Acute kidney injury (AKI) outcome, a predictor of long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
CONCLUSION: Complete renal recovery after an episode of AKI in patients with normal baseline kidney function is associated with a lower risk of long-term MACE when compared with those who did not fully recover. PMID: 26636328 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Nephrology - December 4, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Omotoso BA, Abdel-Rahman EM, Xin W, Ma JZ, Scully KW, Arogundade FA, Balogun RA Tags: Clin Nephrol Source Type: research

Multicentre randomized controlled trial of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker withdrawal in advanced renal disease: the STOP-ACEi trial
Background Blood pressure (BP) control and reduction of urinary protein excretion using agents that block the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system are the mainstay of therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Research has confirmed the benefits in mild CKD, but data on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use in advanced CKD are lacking. In the STOP-ACEi trial, we aim to confirm preliminary findings which suggest that withdrawal of ACEi/ARB treatment can stabilize or even improve renal function in patients with advanced progressive CKD. Methods The STOP-ACEi trial (tri...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bhandari, S., Ives, N., Brettell, E. A., Valente, M., Cockwell, P., Topham, P. S., Cleland, J. G., Khwaja, A., El Nahas, M. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research