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News at a glance: A win for obesity drugs, NIH unionization roadblocks, and Mexican fireflies under threat
CONSERVATION Researchers raise alarm over threat to Mexican fireflies Scientists from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) last week delivered a letter to the Mexican government requesting it regulate tourism centered on the threatened firefly species Photinus palaciosi . Endemic to Mexico’s Tlaxcala forests, P. palaciosi is one of the few species that glow in synchrony, offering an annual spectacle that attracts thousands of visitors during summer mating season. The letter describes how littering, artificial light, and noise interfere with the insects’ courtship and eg...
Source: ScienceNOW - August 10, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

News at a glance: A win for obesity drugs, a new infectious disease institute head, and Mexican fireflies under threat
CONSERVATION Researchers raise alarm over threat to Mexican fireflies Scientists from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) last week delivered a letter to the Mexican government requesting it regulate tourism centered on the threatened firefly species Photinus palaciosi . Endemic to Mexico’s Tlaxcala forests, P. palaciosi is one of the few species that glow in synchrony, offering an annual spectacle that attracts thousands of visitors during summer mating season. The letter describes how littering, artificial light, and noise interfere with the insects’ courtship and eg...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 10, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus.
Abstract Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. Hyperglycemia itself contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and heart failure (HF) in these patients, but glucose-lowering strategies studied to date have had little or no impact on reducing CV risk, especially in patients with a long duration of T2DM and prevalent CV disease (CVD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the new class of glucose-lowering medications that increase urinary glucose excretion, thus improving glycemic control, independent of insulin. The recently p...
Source: Indian Heart J - November 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pancholia AK Tags: Indian Heart J Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus
Publication date: Available online 1 September 2018Source: Indian Heart JournalAuthor(s): A.K. PancholiaAbstractPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. Hyperglycemia itself contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and heart failure (HF) in these patients, but glucose-lowering strategies studied to date have had little or no impact on reducing CV risk, especially in patients with a long duration of T2DM and prevalent CV disease (CVD). Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)-inhibitors are the new class of glucose lowering medications that increase urin...
Source: Indian Heart Journal - September 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

An Unusual Cause of Abdominal Pain in a Young, Hypertensive Female
Question: A 21-year-old woman of Indian descent presented with subacute left upper quadrant abdominal pain. The pain was sharp, severe, and elicited by food. She denied diarrhea, constipation, and weight loss. Her past medical history was significant for hypertension diagnosed as a teenager and ischemic stroke, attributed to Moya-Moya disease, and treated with stenting and bypass of the left middle cerebral and internal carotid arteries. Her medications included amlodipine, aspirin, and topiramate.
Source: Gastroenterology - January 17, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Kevin L. Huang, Yih C. Lin, Kellee L. Oller Tags: Electronic Clinical Challenges and Images in GI Source Type: research

Perioperative strokes following combined coronary artery bypass grafting and carotid endarterectomy: A nationwide perspective
Conclusion: A strong association was found to exist between perioperative stroke and in-hospital mortality and morbidity after combined CABG and CEA. CEA procedures are thought to mitigate the high stroke rate of 3-5% post-CABG, but our study found that combined procedures exhibit a similar stroke risk undercutting their effectiveness. Further investigative studies on combined CABG+CEA are needed to assess risk-stratification for better patient selection and examine other preventative strategies to minimize the risk of ischemic strokes.
Source: Neurology India - January 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Reshmi Udesh Hannah Cheng Amol Mehta Parthasarathy D Thirumala Source Type: research

Association between Exposure to p,p ′-DDT and Its Metabolite p,p′-DDE with Obesity: Integrated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: We classified p,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE as “presumed” to be obesogenic for humans, based on a moderate level of primary human evidence, a moderate level of primary in vivo evidence, and a moderate level of supporting evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP527 Received: 17 May 2016 Revised: 04 May 2017 Accepted: 09 May 2017 Published: 18 September 2017 Please address correspondence to M.A. La Merrill, Dept. of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave., 4245 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA 95616-5270 USA. Telephone: (530) 754-7254. Email: mlamerrill...
Source: EHP Research - September 18, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Review Source Type: research