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Bariatric surgery and diabetes remission: how far have we progressed?
This article will review the effectiveness of bariatric procedures on the remission and improvement of diabetes and its implicated mechanisms. PMID: 30298760 [PubMed]
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - October 12, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus.
Abstract Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. Hyperglycemia itself contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and heart failure (HF) in these patients, but glucose-lowering strategies studied to date have had little or no impact on reducing CV risk, especially in patients with a long duration of T2DM and prevalent CV disease (CVD). Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the new class of glucose-lowering medications that increase urinary glucose excretion, thus improving glycemic control, independent of insulin. The recently p...
Source: Indian Heart J - November 1, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pancholia AK Tags: Indian Heart J Source Type: research

Role of protein kinase C inhibition in the development of diabetic microvascular complications.
Authors: Skljarevski V, Ferdinand SJ, Kles KA Abstract Diabetes mellitus affects millions of people in the USA and throughout the world. The global epidemic may be attributed to both the increasing age of the population and the increasing rates of obesity. Diabetes is associated with chronic microvascular (diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease). Patients with diabetes benefit from a comprehensive approach to prevent complications, including weight loss, smoking cessation, antiplatelet agents, and glycemic and blood pr...
Source: Expert Review of Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 15, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Macro- and micro-vascular complications and their determinants among people with type 2 diabetes in Bangladesh
ConclusionDiabetes complications are highly prevalent among type 2 diabetes population in Bangladesh. Prevention strategies should focus on increasing physical activity, weight loss, smoking cessation, and more strict control of hypertension and glycaemic level.
Source: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews - August 1, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

SGLT2 Inhibitors: Emerging Roles in the Protection Against Cardiovascular and Kidney Disease Among Diabetic Patients.
Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors are novel antidiabetic medications with immense utility in the management of patients with T2DM. Furthermore, SGLT2 inhibitors have demonstrated to reduce the progression to advanced forms of kidney disease and its associated complications. These medications should be front and center in the management of patients with diabetic kidney disease with and without chronic kidney disease as they confer protection against cardiovascular/renal death and improve all-cause mortality. Future studies should evaluate the benefits and implications of early initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors, as well as the long-...
Source: International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease - November 7, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis Source Type: research

Malnutrition Prevalence Rates among Dutch Nursing Home Residents: What Has Changed over One Decade? A Comparison of the Years 2009, 2013 and 2018
ConclusionEven though much attention has been paid to prevent malnutrition in Dutch nursing homes over the last decades, results show a relatively stable malnutrition prevalence rate of around 16%. This leads to the question if nursing staff is able to sufficiently recognize residents with (a risk of) malnutrition, and if they are aware of interventions they could perform to decrease this rate.
Source: The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging - September 4, 2021 Category: Nutrition Source Type: research

The effect of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol, and sleep apnea on the risk of atrial fibrillation
Physiol Res. 2021 Dec 30;70(Suppl4):S511-S525.ABSTRACTAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia associated with a two-fold increase in mortality caused by a higher risk of stroke and heart failure. Currently, AF is present in ~ 2 % of the general population, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, and alcohol consumption increase the risk of AF. Each unit of increase in BMI increases the risk of AF by 3 %, and intensive weight loss is also associated with reduced AF recurrence. Hypertension increases the risk of AF by...
Source: Physiological Research - February 24, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Z Čarná P Osman čík Source Type: research

Determining the role of SGLT2 inhibition with Empagliflozin in the development of diabetic retinopathy
Biosci Rep. 2022 Mar 31;42(3):BSR20212209. doi: 10.1042/BSR20212209.ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that occurs when the pancreas is not producing enough insulin or when the insulin that it does produce is not able to be used effectively in the body. This results in hyperglycemia and if the blood sugars are not controlled, then it can lead to serious damage of various body systems, especially the nerves and the blood vessels. Uncontrolled diabetes is a major cause of kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and amputation. One of the most devastating complications for patients is diabetic retinopathy ...
Source: Bioscience Reports - March 2, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jennifer Matthews Lakshini Herat Jennifer Rooney Elizabeth Rakoczy Markus Schlaich Vance B Matthews Source Type: research

Preoperative risk model for perioperative stroke after intracranial tumor resection: ACS NSQIP analysis of 30,951 cases
CONCLUSIONS: The current study proposes a novel preoperative risk model for PCVA in patients undergoing ITR. Patients with poor physiological reserve (measured by frailty), multiple comorbidities, abnormal preoperative laboratory values, and those admitted under high acuity were at highest risk. The ITR-PCVA risk model may support patient-centered counseling striving to respect goals of care and maximize quality of life. Future prospective studies are warranted to validate the ITR-PCVA risk model and evaluate its utility as a bedside clinical tool.PMID:36455279 | DOI:10.3171/2022.9.FOCUS22402
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - December 1, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Alexander J Kassicieh Kavelin Rumalla Syed Faraz Kazim Derek B Asserson Meic H Schmidt Christian A Bowers Source Type: research

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