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Specialty: Drugs & Pharmacology
Nutrition: Chloride

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Total 41 results found since Jan 2013.

Drug development in targeting ion channels for brain edema.
Abstract Cerebral edema is a pathological hallmark of various central nervous system (CNS) insults, including traumatic brain injury (TBI) and excitotoxic injury such as stroke. Due to the rigidity of the skull, edema-induced increase of intracranial fluid significantly complicates severe CNS injuries by raising intracranial pressure and compromising perfusion. Mortality due to cerebral edema is high. With mortality rates up to 80% in severe cases of stroke, it is the leading cause of death within the first week. Similarly, cerebral edema is devastating for patients of TBI, accounting for up to 50% mortality. Curr...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - August 26, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Luo ZW, Ovcjak A, Wong R, Yang BX, Feng ZP, Sun HS Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Loop Diuretics Inhibit Ischemia-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Overload in Neurons via the Inhibition of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ and Na+ Channels
One consequence of ischemic stroke is disruption of intracellular ionic homeostasis. Intracellular overload of both Na+ and Ca2+ has been linked to neuronal death in this pathophysiological state. The etiology of ionic imbalances resulting from stroke-induced ischemia and acidosis includes the dysregulation of multiple plasma membrane transport proteins, such as increased activity of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter-1 (NKCC-1). Experiments using NKCC1 antagonists, bumetanide (BMN) and ethacrynic acid (EA), were carried out to determine if inhibition of this cotransporter affects Na+ and Ca2+ overload observed follow...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - September 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Folium < em > Ginkgo < /em > extract and tetramethylpyrazine sodium chloride injection (Xingxiong injection) protects against focal cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury via activating the Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation
CONCLUSIONS: Xingxiong injection prevents cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury via activating the Akt/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. These findings provide experimental evidence for clinical use of drugs in the treatment of ischaemic stroke.PMID:35060427 | DOI:10.1080/13880209.2021.2014895
Source: Pharmaceutical Biology - January 21, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ting Zhu Bin-Yu Fang Xiang-Bao Meng Shu-Xia Zhang Hong Wang Ge Gao Fei Liu Yu Wu Jin Hu Gui-Bo Sun Xiao-Bo Sun Source Type: research

YiQi Tongluo Granule against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by freezing GluN2B and CaMK Ⅱ through NMDAR/ERK1/2 Signaling.
This study is aimed to evaluate the protective effect of YQTL on cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and inquire into its underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 2 h followed by 24 h reperfusion. And regional cerebral flow was monitored by Laser Doppler flow during ischemia phase. The infarct volume was evaluated by Triphenyte-trazolium chloride staining. The protective effects of YQTL were assessed by a number of parameters, including neurological scores, regional cerebral blood flow, pathological changes of neuron in hippocampuses and hippocampus calcium l...
Source: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - December 28, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wu SP, Li D, Wang N, Hou JC, Zhao L Tags: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) Promotes a Proinflammatory Microglia Phenotype in Diabetic Conditions.
Abstract Diabetes increases the risk and severity of cognitive impairment, especially after ischemic stroke. It is also known that the activation of ET system is associated with cognitive impairment and microglia around periinfarct area produce ET-1. However, little is known about the effect of ET-1 on microglial polarization, especially under diabetic conditions. We hypothesized that a) ET-1 activates microglia to proinflammatory M-1 like phenotype, and b) Hypoxia/LPS activates the microglial ET system and promotes microglial activation towards M-1 phenotype in diabetic conditions. Microglial cells (C8B4) culture...
Source: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - March 1, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Abdul Y, Jamil S, He L, Li W, Ergul A Tags: Can J Physiol Pharmacol Source Type: research

Total Glycosides of Cistanche deserticola Promote Neurological Function Recovery by Inducing Neurovascular Regeneration via Nrf-2/Keap-1 Pathway in MCAO/R Rats
ConclusionTGs are the main active components of C. deserticola against MCAO/R-induced cerebral injury, and protection is mainly via the Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 16, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Effect of Thymoquinone on the Characteristics of the Brain Extracellular Space in Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats.
In this study, we used a gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentacetate (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system to determine the effects of thymoquinone on ECS parameters in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rats (tMCAO) to prove the neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone on brain tissue damage caused by ischemic stroke. Neurological examinations, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and assaying of ECS parameters using MRI were performed 24 h after surgery. We found that thymoquinone could improve the behavioural performance by neurological examin...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - September 5, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fan C, Tian F, Zhao X, Sun Y, Yang X, Han H, Pu X Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Effect of Astragaloside IV on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Rats Through Sirt1/Mapt Pathway
Conclusion: AS-IV can improve the neurological deficit after CIR injury in rats and reduce the cerebral infarction area, which exerts neuroprotective effects probably through the Sirt1/Mapt pathway.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 26, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Facilitation of ultrasonic microvesicles on homing and molecular mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral infarction patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound microvesicle facilitated homing of BMSCs in cerebral infarction, and improved infarction disease via up-regulating VEGF expression, inhibiting NF-κB expression, and modulating apoptosis. PMID: 28975970 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 5, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Shenfu Injection against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Activation of eNOS in Rats.
Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Shenfu injection (SFI) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in model rats and to explore its mechanism of action. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with SFI and L-NAME via tail vein injection and then rats were subjected to ischemia by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30min followed by reperfusion for 120min. Left ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography. Hemodynamic was measured by the Millar pressure - volume system; serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenas...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 16, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yan-Yan W, Yan-Yan L, Lin L, Dong-Li Y, Kun Z, Yu-Hong L Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Protective effect of rutin isolated from Spermococe hispida against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxic injury in H9c2 cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis
ConclusionThe overall findings reinforce the cardioprotective action of rutin, a potential source of antioxidant of natural origin, which may help in mitigating the progress of oxidative stress in hypoxic conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthase kinase-3 β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats.
In this study, Male Sprague-Dawley rats, subjected to intrastriatal blood infusion, were treated with lithium chloride and underwent neurobehavioral test for equivalent injury severity and neurological functional deficits, Morris water maze test for cognitive impairment, high performance liquid chromatography analysis for excitotoxic index determination, immunohistochemistry analysis for neuronal apoptosis, and Western blot analysis for glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity. Our results showed lithium chloride inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β activation, which on one hand, suppressed downstream CRMP-2/NR2B, thus dimi...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Attenuates Coronary Artery Ligation-Induced Heart Failure Through Improving Mitochondrial Function via Regulating ROS Generation and CaMKII Signaling Pathways
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Institutes of Health.” The protocol was approved by the “China Pharmaceutical University.” Surgical Preparation The mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (4% chloral hydrate, ip). The HF model was induced by CAL as previously reported (Gao et al., 2010). Successful ligation of the coronary artery was confirmed by the occurrence of ST-segment elevation in electrocardiogram. Sham operated mice were performed the same process except left CAL. After ligation, the h...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research