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Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 42 results found since Jan 2013.

Memantine Attenuates Cell Apoptosis by Suppressing the Calpain-Caspase-3 Pathway in an Experimental Model of Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Ischemic stroke, the second leading cause of death worldwide, leads to excessive glutamate release, over-activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and massive influx of calcium (Ca(2+)), which may activate calpain and caspase-3, resulting in cellular damage and death. Memantine is an uncompetitive NMDAR antagonist with low-affinity/fast off-rate. We investigated the potential mechanisms through which memantine protects against ischemic stroke in vitro and in vivo. Middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO) was performed to establish an experimental model of ischemic stroke. The neuropr...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 5, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen B, Wang G, Li W, Liu W, Lin R, Tao J, Jiang M, Chen L, Wang Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Epigenetics and stroke: role of DNA methylation and effect of aging on blood-brain barrier recovery
This study aimed to evaluate the epigenetic and transcriptional profile of cerebral microvessels after thromboembolic (TE) stroke to define potential causes of limited BBB recovery. RNA-sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analyses were performed using microvessels isolated from young (6 months) and old (18 months) mice seven days poststroke compared to age-matched sham controls. DNA methylation profiling of poststroke brain microvessels revealed 11287 differentially methylated regions (DMR) in old and 9818 DMR in young mice, corresponding to annotated genes. These DMR were enriched in genes en...
Source: Cell Research - January 30, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chelsea Phillips Svetlana Stamatovic Richard Keep Anuska Andjelkovic Source Type: research

Disruption of IP3R2-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathway in astrocytes ameliorates neuronal death and brain damage while reducing behavioral deficits after focal ischemic stroke.
Abstract Inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated intracellular Ca(2+) increase is the major Ca(2+) signaling pathway in astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Ca(2+) increases in astrocytes have been found to modulate neuronal function through gliotransmitter release. We previously demonstrated that astrocytes exhibit enhanced Ca(2+) signaling in vivo after photothrombosis (PT)-induced ischemia, which is largely due to the activation of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The aim of this study is to investigate the role of astrocytic IP3R-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in neuronal death, brain damage ...
Source: Cell Calcium - September 25, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Li H, Xie Y, Zhang N, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Ding S Tags: Cell Calcium Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Action of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Transplants in a Rodent Model of Stroke.
Abstract Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) have distinct immunomodulatory and protective effects against kidney, liver, or heart injury. Limited studies have shown that WJ-MSCs attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation-mediated inflammation in hippocampal slices. The neuroprotective effect of intracerebral WJ-MSC transplantation against stroke has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the neuroprotective effect of human WJ-MSC (hWJ-MSC) transplants in an animal model of stroke. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and placed in a stereotaxic frame. ...
Source: Cell Transplantation - October 4, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu KJ, Yu SJ, Chiang CW, Lee YW, Yen BL, Tseng PC, Hsu CS, Kuo LW, Wang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Repurposing the K < sub > Ca < /sub > 3.1 Blocker Senicapoc for Ischemic Stroke
Transl Stroke Res. 2023 Apr 24. doi: 10.1007/s12975-023-01152-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSenicapoc, a small molecule inhibitor of the calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1, was safe and well-tolerated in clinical trials for sickle cell anemia. We previously reported proof-of-concept data suggesting that both pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion of KCa3.1 reduces infarction and improves neurologic recovery in rodents by attenuating neuroinflammation. Here we evaluated the potential of repurposing senicapoc for ischemic stroke. In cultured microglia, senicapoc inhibited KCa3.1 currents with an IC50 of 7...
Source: Cell Research - April 24, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Ruth D Lee Yi-Je Chen Hai M Nguyen Latika Singh Connor J Dietrich Benjamin R Pyles Yanjun Cui Jonathan R Weinstein Heike Wulff Source Type: research

Gene Polymorphisms Affect the Effectiveness of Atorvastatin in Treating Ischemic Stroke Patients
Background/Aims: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in lipid metabolism related genes would affect the effectiveness of atorvastatin in both Han and Uighur populations. Methods: 200 ischemic stroke patients were treated with atorvastatin. The differences of blood lipid level and their ratios were measured. Six lipid related genes, HMGCR, APOA5, LPL, CETP, LDLR and PCSK9 were selected as candidate genes. And nine SNP loci in these six genes were genotyped by SNaPshot technique. Results: In all patients treated with atorvastatin, the SNP rs662799 significantly affe...
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - July 14, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Serum Calcium is Related to the Degree of Artery Stenosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the concentration of serum calcium is higher in patients with more severe artery stenosis lesions and that the phosphatidylinositol signaling system is a key biological pathway involved in this process.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;46:1189 –1197
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - April 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of ncx1 and ncx3 in the brain.
Abstract Sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) 1 and 3, have been demonstrated to play a relevant role in controlling the intracellular homeostasis of sodium and calcium ions in physiological and patho-physiological conditions. While NCX1 and NCX3 knocking-down have been both implicated in brain ischemia, several aspects of the epigenetic regulation of these two antiporters transcription were not yet well characterized. In response to stroke, NCX1 and NCX3 transcriptional regulation occurs from specific promoter sequences. Several evidences have shown that the expression of NCX1 and NCX3 can be determined by epigenetic m...
Source: Cell Calcium - March 6, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Formisano L, Guida N, Mascolo L, Serani A, Laudati G, Pizzorusso V, Annunziato L Tags: Cell Calcium Source Type: research

BDNF Reduces Toxic Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptor Signaling via Synaptic NMDA Receptors and Nuclear-Calcium-Induced Transcription of inhba/Activin A
Publication date: Available online 13 August 2015 Source:Cell Reports Author(s): David Lau, C. Peter Bengtson, Bettina Buchthal, Hilmar Bading The health of neurons is critically dependent on the relative signaling intensities of survival-promoting synaptic and death-inducing extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. Here, we show that BDNF is a regulator of this balance and promotes neuroprotection by reducing toxic NMDA receptor signaling. BDNF acts by initiating synaptic NMDA-receptor/nuclear-calcium-driven adaptogenomics, leading to increased expression of inhibin β-A (inhba). Inhibin β-A (its homodimer is known as activi...
Source: Cell Reports - August 14, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

The Noncompetitive AMPAR Antagonist Perampanel Abrogates Brain Endothelial Cell Permeability in Response to Ischemia: Involvement of Claudin-5.
Abstract The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by brain endothelial cells, and decreased BBB integrity contributes to vasogenic cerebral edema and increased mortality after stroke. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of perampanel, an orally active noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist, on BBB permeability in an in vitro ischemia model in murine brain endothelial cells (mBECs). The results showed that perampanel significantly attenuated oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced loss of cell viability, release of lactate dehydrogenase, and apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. ...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - August 26, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Lv JM, Guo XM, Chen B, Lei Q, Pan YJ, Yang Q Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Biphasic regulation of lysosomal exocytosis by oxidative stress.
Abstract Oxidative stress drives cell death in a number of diseases including ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. A better understanding of how cells recover from oxidative stress is likely to lead to better treatments for stroke and other diseases. The recent evidence obtained in several models ties the process of lysosomal exocytosis to the clearance of protein aggregates and toxic metals. The mechanisms that regulate lysosomal exocytosis, under normal or pathological conditions, are only beginning to emerge. Here we provide evidence for the biphasic effect of oxidative stress on lysosomal exocytosis...
Source: Cell Calcium - August 28, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Ravi S, Peña KA, Chu CT, Kiselyov K Tags: Cell Calcium Source Type: research

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preserve Adult Newborn Neurons and Reduce Neurological Injury after Cerebral Ischemia by Reducing the Number of Hypertrophic Microglia/Macrophages.
Abstract Microglia are the first source of a neuroinflammatory cascade, which seems to be involved in every phase of stroke-related neuronal damage. Two weeks after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), vehicle-treated rats displayed higher numbers of total ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1)-positive cells, greater cell body areas of Iba-1-positive cells, and higher numbers of hypertrophic Iba-1-positive cells (with a cell body area over 80 μm2) in the ipsilateral ischemic brain regions including the frontal cortex, striatum, and parietal cortex. In addition, MCAO decreased the number...
Source: Cell Transplantation - November 1, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Lin W, Hsuan YC, Lin MT, Kuo TW, Lin CH, Su YC, Niu KC, Chang CP, Lin HJ Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

White Matter Injury in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Abstract Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major cause of high morbidity, disability, and mortality in the field of neurovascular disease. Most previous SAH studies have focused on improving cerebral blood flow, reducing cerebral vasospasm, reducing neuronal calcium overload, and other treatments. While these studies showed exciting findings in basic science, therapeutic strategies based on the findings have not significantly improved neurological outcomes in patients with SAH. Currently, the only drug proven to effectively reduce the neurological defects of SAH patients is nimodipine. Current advances in imaging...
Source: Cell Transplantation - November 16, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Pang J, Peng J, Yang P, Kuai L, Chen L, Zhang JH, Jiang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Therapeutic Potential of Astrocyte Transplantation
Cell Transplant. 2022 Jan-Dec;31:9636897221105499. doi: 10.1177/09636897221105499.ABSTRACTCell transplantation is an attractive treatment strategy for a variety of brain disorders, as it promises to replenish lost functions and rejuvenate the brain. In particular, transplantation of astrocytes has come into light recently as a therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); moreover, grafting of astrocytes also showed positive results in models of other conditions ranging from neurodegenerative diseases of older age to traumatic injury and stroke. Despite clear differences in etiology, disorders such as ALS, Parkinson's, ...
Source: Cell Transplantation - June 30, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Nataly Hastings Wei-Li Kuan Andrew Osborne Mark R N Kotter Source Type: research