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Neuroimaging and Blood Biomarkers in Functional Prognosis after Stroke.
CONCLUSION: Although some biomarkers and neuroimaging techniques have potential predictive value, none of the studies were able to support its use, alone or in association, as a clinically useful functionality predictor model. All the evaluated markers were considered insufficient to predict functional prognosis at three months, when applied in the first hours after stroke. Additional studies are necessary to identify reliable predictive markers for functional prognosis after ischemic stroke. PMID: 28229841 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Acta Medica Portuguesa - February 25, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Acta Med Port Source Type: research

Comparison of Carotid Plaque Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
BackgroundCoronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events better than carotid wall plaque presence; however, differences in the utility of CAC burden and carotid plaque burden across the spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events is unknown.Methods and ResultsCVD, CHD and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) events were evaluated prospectively in a multiethnic cohort without CVD at baseline. Carotid plaque score was determined by the number of ultrasound‐detected plaques in the common, bifurcation, and internal carotid artery segments. CAC was detected by computed tomography. Predictive ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gepner, A. D., Young, R., Delaney, J. A., Budoff, M. J., Polak, J. F., Blaha, M. J., Post, W. S., Michos, E. D., Kaufman, J., Stein, J. H. Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Original Research Source Type: research

Association of Subjective and Objective Sleep Duration as well as Sleep Quality with Non-Invasive Markers of Sub-Clinical Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A Systematic Review.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our review provided mixed results, which is generally in line with published literature, with most of the studies showing a significant relationship with subclinical CVD, but only some studies failed to demonstrate such an association. Although such mechanistic relationship needs further evaluation in order to determine appropriate screening strategies in vulnerable populations, this review strongly suggested the existence of a relationship between abnormal sleep duration and quality with increased subclinical CVD burden. PMID: 27840384 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - November 16, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

The Need for a Rational Approach to Vasoconstrictive Syndromes: Transcranial Doppler and Calcium Channel Blockade in Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
Conclusion: Though small, our cohort demonstrates potential utility of TCD to monitor RCVS, and relative superiority of extended-release verapamil over other calcium channel blockers, illustrating the need for larger randomized trials. Case Rep Neurol 2016;8:161 –171
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - July 29, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Can HRT in early menopause cut heart disease risk?
ConclusionThis double-blind RCT found that women taking HRT less than six years after the menopause had slower artery wall thickening than those taking a placebo. This represented the main measure of atherosclerosis progression tested; other measures showed no difference, so the results were not as conclusive as they could have been. Women taking HRT 10 or more years after menopause also showed no difference in atherosclerosis progression compared with a placebo, further complicating the picture.An important limitation of this study is the lack of a patient relevant endpoint, such as cardiovascular events or mortality. Pre...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 1, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication Source Type: news

Medtech approvals: FDA releases August 2015 PMAs
The FDA today released its list of the pre-market approvals it granted for medical devices in August 2015: Summary of PMA Originals & Supplements Approved Originals: 2 Supplements: 70 Summary of PMA Originals Under Review Total Under Review: 57 Total Active: 28 Total On Hold: 29 Summary of PMA Supplements Under Review Total Under Review: 569 Total Active: 422 Total On Hold: 147 Summary of All PMA Submissions Originals: 5 Supplements: 90 Summary of PMA Supplement PMA Approval/Denial Decision Times Number of Approvals: 70 Number of Denials: 0 Average Days Fr Receipt to Decision (Total Time): 229.0 FDA Time: 130...
Source: Mass Device - October 23, 2015 Category: Medical Equipment Authors: Brad Perriello Tags: Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Pre-Market Approval (PMA) Regulatory/Compliance Source Type: news

Normocalcaemic, vitamin D sufficient hyperparathyroidism ‐ high prevalence and low morbidity in the general population A long‐term follow‐up study, the WHO MONICA project, Gothenburg, Sweden
ConclusionsThis small random population study showed that nHPT was common, 11% at follow‐up. Only one individual developed mild hypercalcaemia in 13 years. Previous S‐PTH was predictive of nHPT and hypertension was prevalent, but no increase in hard end points was seen over a 17‐year period.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical Endocrinology - May 18, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Georgios Kontogeorgos, Penelope Trimpou, Christine M. Laine, Göran Oleröd, Anders Lindahl, Kerstin Landin‐Wilhelmsen Tags: Rapid Communication Source Type: research

Ella’s story: Two rare diseases and the NICU roller coaster ride
“Everyone tells you that the NICU is a roller coaster ride. What they don’t tell you is that it’s a customized roller coaster ride just for you. You never know what’s coming at you next,” says Carrie Shea, whose daughter Ella spent her first three months of life in Boston Children’s Hospital NICU. Today, Ella is a “remarkably normal little girl,” says Carrie. It’s quite a feat for the three-year-old who was born with GACI (generalized arterial calcification of infancy), an extremely rare condition with an 85 percent mortality rate, and diagnosed with PKU (phenylketonuria), a second rare genetic disorder, ...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - March 5, 2015 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lisa Fratt Tags: Our patients’ stories Source Type: news

Shape-Based Approach for Coronary Calcium Lesion Volume Measurement on Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging and Its Association With Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Conclusions— Since carotid IMT is an independent prognostic factor for myocardial infarction, and calcium lesions are correlated with stroke risk, we believe that this automated system for calcium volume measurement could be useful for assessing patients’ cardiovascular risk.
Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine - February 24, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Araki, T., Ikeda, N., Dey, N., Acharjee, S., Molinari, F., Saba, L., Godia, E. C., Nicolaides, A., Suri, J. S. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Comparison of Coronary Artery Calcium Presence, Carotid Plaque Presence, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
Conclusions— In adults without CVD, CAC presence improves prediction of CVD and CHD more than carotid plaque presence or high IMT. CAC and carotid ultrasound parameters performed similarly for stroke/transient ischemic attack event prediction.
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - January 16, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Gepner, A. D., Young, R., Delaney, J. A., Tattersall, M. C., Blaha, M. J., Post, W. S., Gottesman, R. F., Kronmal, R., Budoff, M. J., Burke, G. L., Folsom, A. R., Liu, K., Kaufman, J., Stein, J. H. Tags: Primary prevention, Risk Factors, CT and MRI, Other diagnostic testing, Epidemiology Source Type: research

Increased Risk for Intracranial Arterial Stenosis in Subjects With Coronary Artery Calcification Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— The risk for ICAS was significantly increased in middle-aged Korean subjects with CAC compared with that in those without CAC. These findings suggest the possibility of a separate undetected atherosclerotic focus in subjects with 1 atherosclerotic event.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Oh, H.-G., Chung, P.-W., Rhee, E.-J. Tags: Imaging, Coronary imaging: angiography/ultrasound/Doppler/CC, Coronary circulation Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

3D Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization for Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis
Carotid plaque histology has confirmed that intraplaque hemorrhage and enlarging lipid-cores are important determinants of plaque rupture and stroke. Noninvasive characterization of these features may identify individuals at risk for stroke. Two-dimensional (2D) longitudinal-sectional ultrasound images have been used to predict plaque histology, but a single slice provides limited information. Tissue-characterization from 3D ultrasound imaging may offer more comprehensive information. We developed a clinical 3D ultrasound protocol to quantify plaque composition (hemorrhage, lipid, calcium and fibromuscular tissue), measure...
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - August 22, 2014 Category: Surgery Authors: Khalid AlMuhanna, Murad Hossain, Limin Zhao, Gregory Kowalewski, Siddhartha Sikdar, Brajesh K. Lal Tags: Abstracts from the 2014 New England Society for Vascular Surgery/Eastern Vascular Society Joint Annual Meeting Source Type: research

Relative Contributions of Sympathetic, Cholinergic, and Myogenic Mechanisms to Cerebral Autoregulation Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Our results suggest that myogenic effects occur outside the active region of autoregulation, whereas neurogenic influences are largely responsible for cerebral blood flow control within it. However, our model of cerebral autoregulation left 38% of the cerebral pressure–flow relationship unexplained, suggesting that there are other physiological mechanisms that contribute to cerebral autoregulation.
Source: Stroke - May 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Hamner, J. W., Tan, C. O. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Doppler ultrasound, Transcranial Doppler etc., Autonomic, reflex, and neurohumoral control of circulation Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 and Cardiovascular Disease in the General Population: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Original Articles
Conclusions— Higher serum FGF-23 concentrations are associated with subclinical cardiac disease and with new heart failure and coronary disease events, but not with carotid intima-media thickness or stroke. FGF-23 may be a novel cardiovascular risk factor in the general population.
Source: Circulation: Heart Failure - May 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kestenbaum, B., Sachs, M. C., Hoofnagle, A. N., Siscovick, D. S., Ix, J. H., Robinson-Cohen, C., Lima, J. A. C., Polak, J. F., Blondon, M., Ruzinski, J., Rock, D., de Boer, I. H. Tags: Congestive, Epidemiology Original Articles Source Type: research

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