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Dietary genistein and 17 β-estradiol implants differentially influence locomotor and cognitive functions following transient focal ischemia in middle-aged ovariectomized rats at different lengths of estrogen deprivation
This study suggests that the neuroprotective effects of dietary genistein on motor and cognitive functions are distinctly influenced by the length of estrogen deprivation following focal ischemia. SIGNIFICANCE: There is an increasing postmenopausal population opting for homeopathic medicines for the management of menopausal symptoms due to the perceived distrust in estrogen use as hormone replacement. Basic and clinical studies support the notion that early, but not delayed, hormone replacement after menopause is beneficial. Furthermore, evidence suggests that delaying hormone replacement augments the detrimental, rather t...
Source: Hormones and Behavior - June 2, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Anthony Oppong-Gyebi Daniel Metzger Philip H Vann Nathalie Sumien Derek A Schreihofer Source Type: research

The Effects of Intelectin-1 on Antioxidant and Angiogenesis in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen Glucose Deprivation
Conclusion: These results suggest intelectin-1 promotes angiogenesis, inhibits oxidative stress and reduces apoptosis by stimulating the Akt-eNOS signaling pathway in response to ischemia in vitro. Introduction Stroke is a main reason of human neurological disability, ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for almost 80–90% of all strokes. IS occurs after a cerebral blood flow disruption, leading to cellular death and tissue damage by restricting glucose and oxygen supplies (1). Ischemic vascular diseases cause substantial vascular valve and vascular endothelial cell injuries, eventually damaging the surrounding tis...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

G protein ‐coupled estrogen receptor activates cell type‐specific signaling pathways in cortical cultures: relevance to the selective loss of astrocytes
In this study, we also demonstrate that selective activation of GPER induced astrocyte apoptosis via the phospholipase C pathway and subsequent intracellular calcium rise, whereas in neurons, this effect was not observed. Taken together, this evidence supports a direct impact of GPER activity on the viability of astrocytes, which seems to be associated with the regulation of different signaling pathways in astrocytes and neurons.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - January 28, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Cl áudio Roque, Julieta Mendes‐Oliveira, Graça Baltazar Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

G protein ‐coupled estrogen receptor activates cell type specific signaling pathways in cortical cultures: relevance to the selective loss of astrocytes
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - December 20, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: C Roque, J. Mendes ‐Oliveira, G. Baltazar Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Can HRT in early menopause cut heart disease risk?
ConclusionThis double-blind RCT found that women taking HRT less than six years after the menopause had slower artery wall thickening than those taking a placebo. This represented the main measure of atherosclerosis progression tested; other measures showed no difference, so the results were not as conclusive as they could have been. Women taking HRT 10 or more years after menopause also showed no difference in atherosclerosis progression compared with a placebo, further complicating the picture.An important limitation of this study is the lack of a patient relevant endpoint, such as cardiovascular events or mortality. Pre...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 1, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication Source Type: news

Managing menopause.
Authors: Reid R, Abramson BL, Blake J, Desindes S, Dodin S, Johnston S, Rowe T, Sodhi N, Wilks P, Wolfman W, Menopause and Osteoporosis Working Group, Fortier M, Reid R, Abramson BL, Blake J, Desindes S, Dodin S, Graves L, Guthrie B, Khan A, Johnston S, Rowe T, Sodhi N, Wilks P, Wolfman W Abstract OBJECTIVE: To provide updated guidelines for health care providers on the management of menopause in asymptomatic healthy women as well as in women presenting with vasomotor or urogenital symptoms and on considerations related to cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, urogynaecology, and sexuality. OUTCOMES: Lifestyle...
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC - December 2, 2014 Category: OBGYN Tags: J Obstet Gynaecol Can Source Type: research

Inotropic and lusitropic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the heart
Previous studies have demonstrated positive-inotropic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), but the mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, two experiments were performed to determine the physiological correlates of the positive-inotropic effects of CGRP. Treatments designed to antagonize the effects of physiologically active CGRP1–37 included posttreatment with CGRP8–37 and pretreatment with LY-294002 (LY, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase), 17β-estradiol (E), and progesterone (P) were also used to modulate the effects of CGRP1–37. Experiment 1 was in vitro studies on sarcomer...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - June 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Al-Rubaiee, M., Gangula, P. R., Millis, R. M., Walker, R. K., Umoh, N. A., Cousins, V. M., Jeffress, M. A., Haddad, G. E. Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR NEUROHORMONAL REGULATION Source Type: research

Inotropic and Lusitropic Effects of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in the Heart.
Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated positive-inotropic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) but the mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, two experiments were performed to determine the physiological correlates of the positive-inotropic effects of CGRP. Treatments designed to antagonize the effects of physiologically-active CGRP 1-37 included post-treatment with CGRP8-37 and pretreatment with LY294002 (LY, an inhibitor of PI3K), 17β-estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) were also used to modulate the effects of CGRP1-37. Experiment 1: In vitro studies on sarcomeres and cells of isolated adult ra...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - April 12, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Al-Rubaiee M, Gangula PR, Millis RM, Walker RK, Umoh NA, Cousins VM, Jeffress MA, Haddad GE Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research