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Exploring the Recent Trends in Management of Dementia and Frailty: Focus on Diagnosis and Treatment
Curr Med Chem. 2022 Apr 8. doi: 10.2174/0929867329666220408102051. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDementia and frailty increase health adversities in older adults, which are topics of growing research interest. Frailty is considered to correspond to a biological syndrome associated with age. Frail patients may ultimately develop multiple dysfunctions across several systems, including stroke, transient ischemic attack, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, cortico-basal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Creutzfe...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - April 11, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Md Mominur Rahman Sadia Afsana Mim Md Rezaul Islam Anwar Parvez Fahadul Islam Mohammad Borhan Uddin Md Saidur Rahaman Pollob Ahmed Shuvo Muniruddin Ahmed Nigel H Greig Mohammad Amjad Kamal Source Type: research

A Case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Stroke-Like Onset
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a prion disease characterized by rapidly progressive dementia that is often followed by behavioral disturbances, ataxia, myoclonus, and akinetic mutism. The initial symptoms of CJD reportedly vary, but the onset is usually gradual. Here, we report a case of CJD with a sudden, stroke-like onset of right hemiparesis to alert readers that CJD can mimic a stroke during its early stage.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Kosuke Okamoto, Takato Abe, Yoshiaki Itoh Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

164 Dementia, a Familial Affair
ConclusionThis case highlights the importance of genetics shaping phenotypes and that consideration should always be given to a full relevant family history.  It also shows a rare case of rapidly progressive dementia confirmed due to CJD with a likely underlying familial predisposition.
Source: Age and Ageing - September 16, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Rapidly Progressing Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting as a Stroke
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare, fatal human prion disease that is characterized by progressive dementia and neurologic degeneration. It can mimic multiple other neurological disorders, and a high index of clinical suspicion is necessary to make a diagnosis. A 74-year-old woman with a 3-month history of a stroke and progressive neurologic deterioration was found to have sCJD. She expired within a week of her diagnosis. Autopsy revealed spongiform encephalopathy consistent with prion disease, and genetic analysis revealed 129 polymorphism and no pathologic mutation, confirming the diagnosis of nonfamilia...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - September 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

P 164 Parietal stroke mimicking the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
The Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease with an occipito-parietal focus.It initially presents with visual disturbances such as visual agnosia or cortical blindness (Kropp et al., 1999).After presentation of early visual symptoms, rapid progression of dementia and death follows.While the Heidenhain variant matches neuropathological criteria of CJD, differential diagnosis from other neurological disorders using biomarkers from electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reveal low sensitivity and specificity...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Becker, D. Kramer, W. M üllges, K. Boelmans Tags: Poster Source Type: research

Two older drugs could be 'repurposed' to fight dementia
Conclusion This early stage experimental research has demonstrated a beneficial neurological effect of trazodone and dibenzoylmethane on mice with diseases mimicking neurodegenerative diseases. It is important to acknowledge that this is animal research and therefore the drugs might not have the same effect when they are trialled on humans. That being said, trazodone is already an approved drug for depression and sleep problems and has therefore already passed safety tests. If the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in humans and mice are similar, it is possible trazodone could be used in the future in treating Alzheimer's and...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 20, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Older people Neurology Medication Source Type: news

Elevated cerebrospinal fluid total Tau levels reflects predominant cortical involvement in Alzheimers disease (P1.093)
Conclusions:Elevated CSF Tau levels in AD patients could be surrogate biomarker for AD subtypes with predominant early cortical symptoms and atrophy. There is a need for a systematic prospective unbiased follow-up to see if rapid clinical progression in AD is related to elevated T-Tau and distinct AD subtypes.Disclosure: Dr. Pillai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Khrestian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bekris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Safar has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leverenz has received personal compensation for activities with Axovant, GE Healthcare and Navidea Biopharmaceuticals as a consultant.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Pillai, J., Khrestian, M., Bekris, L., Safar, J., Leverenz, J. Tags: Aging and Dementia: Biomarkers Source Type: research

Rethinking of doxycycline therapy in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Compassionate use of doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) revealed an increased survival of 4–7 months as compared with historical controls, a result not confirmed by a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial.1 Is then therapy with doxycycline for patients with CJD over? The report of Assar et al2 on a single patient with variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr),3 a rare subtype form of sporadic CJD, who received 4-year treatment with doxycycline at a relatively early stage of disease, suggests it is not and encourages novel studies on the use...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - June 12, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Pocchiari, M., Ladogana, A. Tags: Dementia, Infection (neurology), Sleep disorders (neurology), Stroke, Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Sleep disorders Editorial commentaries Source Type: research

An Unusual Stroke-like Clinical Presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: Acute Vestibular Syndrome
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of an initial presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease closely mimicking vestibular neuritis, expanding the known clinical spectrum of prion disease presentations. Despite the initial absence of neurological signs, the central lesion location was differentiated from a benign peripheral vestibulopathy at the first visit using simple bedside vestibular tests. Familiarity with these tests could help providers prevent initial misdiagnosis of important central disorders in patients presenting vertigo or dizziness.
Source: The Neurologist - April 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

Voltage Gated Calcium Channels Antibody-Associated Autoimmune Encephalitis (P5.228)
ConclusionThis case demonstrates a correlation between a high titer of VGCC antibodies and autoimmune encephalitis. Our patient's initial improvement with steroids and plasma exchange in the face of a negative CT and PET suggests a primary autoimmune process rather than a paraneoplastic etiology, though we admit that it is premature to rule out remission and we will continue to follow herDisclosure: Dr. Alwaki has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lugo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Goshgarian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hefzy has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mitsias has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Alwaki, A., Lugo, A., Goshgarian, C., Ahmad, O., Hefzy, H., Mitsias, P. Tags: Aging, Dementia, and Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Subacute Encephalopathies Source Type: research

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