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Total 151 results found since Jan 2013.
Need for updating safety recommendations on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke patients
A paper entitled “Inhibition versus facilitation of contralesional motor cortices in stroke: Deriving a model to tailor brain stimulation” was published by Sankarasubramanian et al. in Clinical Neurophysiology in March 2017 (Sankarasubramanian et al., 2017). That article reported the results of a study that aime d at investigating whether facilitation of contralesional dorsal premotor cortex by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) permitted to improve upper-limb function in severely affected post-stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 2, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bertrand Glize, Dominique Guehl, M élanie Cogné Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Reply to “Need for updating safety recommendations on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke patients”
We are pleased to receive the correspondence from Glize et al. in regards to our paper published recently in Clinical Neurophysiology (Sankarasubramanian et al., 2017). We thank the authors for their interest and insightful comments regarding approaches used in our study. In brief, our study investigated the effectiveness of facilitating excitability of the contralesional dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in patients severely affected by stroke. PMd was targeted using high-frequency (5 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 2, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ela B. Plow, Vishwanath Sankarasubramanian, Kelsey A. Potter-Baker, Yin-Liang Lin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Reliability of lower limb transcranial magnetic stimulation outcomes in the ipsi- and contralesional hemispheres of adults with chronic stroke
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) represents a painless and non-invasive method to study the motor system. TMS has become extensively used worldwide, for example in healthy humans to investigate mechanisms of brain plasticity in the primary motor cortex (M1) (Delvendahl et al., 2012) and to probe the neurophysiological underpinnings of M1 function (Reis et al., 2008). Also, TMS-related measures are used clinically for diagnostic, prognostic and evaluative purposes in different pathologies, such as stroke (Liepert et al., 2000a; Liepert et al., 2000b; Talelli et al., 2006).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 9, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Beaulieu Louis-David, Mass é-Alarie Hugo, Ribot-Ciscar Edith, Schneider Cyril Source Type: research
Intrathecal Baclofen Bolus Reduces Exaggerated Extensor Coactivation during Pre-Swing and Early-Swing of Gait after Acquired Brain Injury
Pathological muscle activation patterns during gait are common after acquired brain injury (ABI). In an early study of 26 stroke patients, Knutsson and Richards (1979) monitored the hip abductor, hip adductors, quadriceps, hamstrings, triceps surae, and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles and qualitatively described 3 different patterns of abnormal muscle activation during gait, one of which is characterized by coactivation of several muscle groups during the end of swing and throughout the main part of the stance phase.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 28, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: John W. Chow, Stuart A. Yablon, Dobrivoje S. Stokic Source Type: research
Parietomotor connectivity in the contralesional hemisphere after stroke: a paired-pulse TMS study
Stroke is the main cause of acquired disability in adults. Upper limb paresis is one of the most frequent symptoms after stroke; the recovery of upper limb function is often problematic but constitutes a key factor in personal autonomy. Spatial neglect (defined as a failure to acknowledge or explore stimuli towards the contralesional side) (Heilman et al. 2000) is another challenging consequence of stroke, since it slows recovery and impairs activities of daily living (Di Monaco et al. 2011). In fact, spatial neglect is a frequent consequence of lesions in the right hemisphere - especially those affecting the inferior pari...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Etienne Allart, Arnaud Delval, Alexandre Caux-Dedeystere, Julien Labreuche, Romain Viard, Renaud Lopes, Herv é Devanne Source Type: research
Bilateral changes in muscle architecture of physically active people with chronic stroke: a quantitative muscle ultrasound study
Stroke is primarily regarded as a central nervous system (CNS) disorder, but post-stroke structural changes in skeletal muscles have been described. Imaging techniques such as Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and Computed Tomography (CT) have revealed atrophy in several paretic side muscles of stroke survivors (English et al., 2010; Scherbakov et al., 2015). In addition to atrophy, increased intramuscular fat has been found in hemiparetic muscles of post-stroke patients (Ryan et al., 2002, Klein et al., 2010, Ryan et al., 2011).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Frank Berenpas, Anne-Marieke Martens, Vivian Weerdesteyn, Alexander C. Geurts, Nens van Alfen Source Type: research
Small world brain network characteristics during EEG Holter recording of a stroke event
Several studies revealed that cerebral ischemia provokes transient or permanent disruption of functional connections both locally and distantly from the lesion. Recently, brain connectivity has been described using graph theory, a mathematical approach which depicts the brain as a network in order to simplify its complex topology. The human brain consists of complex inhibitory and excitatory circuits located in specialized areas, which are engaged in sharing and integrating information with a time-varying interplay at resolution in the millisecond range.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 2, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Fabrizio Vecchio, Francesca Miraglia, Angela Romano, Placido Bramanti, Paolo Maria Rossini Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
EP 84. Motor control and learning strategy for efficient neurorehabilitation
Parkinson ’s, stroke, and other neurological diseases may significantly affect the control of voluntary, ballistic-like movements that normally are performed automatically and optimally as regards position accuracy, energy expenditure and movement execution time. The control functions (neural signals to mus cles) are to be re-learnt and re-optimised with respect to these performance indices. In our study, a natural approach for efficient motor learning in goal-directed motion tasks, incl. walking is proposed.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Despotova, P. Kiriazov Tags: ePoster Presentations – Free Topics Source Type: research
EP 74. Comparison of freehand B-mode and power-mode 3D ultrasound for visualisation and grading of internal carotid artery stenosis
Currently, colour-coded duplex sonography (2D-CDS) is clinical standard for detection and grading of ICAS (1,2) as a relevant risk factor for ischaemic stroke (3,4). Unlike angiographic imaging modalities, 2D-CDS assesses ICAS by its haemodynamic effects rather than luminal changes1. Therefore, aim of this study was to evaluate freehand 3D ultrasound (3DUS) for direct visualisation and quantification of ICAS.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Weinreich, D. Saur, J. Pelz Tags: ePoster Presentations – Neuroimaging II Source Type: research
EP 59. Multi-modal imaging of neural correlates of motor speed performance in the trail making test
The assessment of motor and executive functions following stroke or traumatic brain injury is a key aspect of impairment evaluation and used to guide further therapy. In clinical routine such assessments are largely dominated by pen-and-paper tests. While these provide standardized, reliable and ecologically valid measures of the individual level of functioning, rather little is yet known about their neurobiological underpinnings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate brain regions and their associated networks that are related to upper extremity motor function, as quantified by the Motor Speed subtest of the...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. Camilleri, A. Reid, V. M üller, C. Grefkes, K. Amunts, S. Eickhoff Source Type: research
EP 20. Contralesional Cathodal tDCS versus dual-tDCS for decreasing upper limb spasticity in chronic stroke individuals: A clinical and neurophysiological study
Different transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paradigms have been implemented to treat post-stroke spasticity, but discordant results have been reported.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Del Felice, V. Daloli, S. Masiero, P. Manganotti Tags: ePoster Presentations – Noninvasive Neuromodulation I Source Type: research
EP 10. Home-based motor imagery training in chronic stroke supported by neurofeedback: A feasibility study
Chronic hemiparesis of an upper limp following stroke has been related to an over-involvement of the ipsilateral hemisphere that inhibits use of the affected limb. Interventions helping to shift back this altered lateralization have been suggested to positively affect upper limp functional recovery. One such intervention is the combination of motor imagery (MI) supported by EEG neurofeedback. However, cortical reorganization requires highly intensive practice. In this feasibility study this was achieved by implementing a mobile EEG neurofeedback system.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: C. Kranczioch, C. Zich, C. Schweinitz, J. Meekes, S. Debener Source Type: research
EP 9. Prevalence, clinical characteristics and long-term course of headache in patients with stroke (multicenter study of DMKG)
Headache in association with stroke is a symptom not at all differentiated and investigated in Germany. According to previous data, it seems to be a common problem, but usually other symptoms of stroke are predominating. Furthermore, the treatment is focused on acute therapy of ischemic stroke followed by rehabilitation. However, headaches in subarachnoid hemorrhage as a special type of stroke represents the leading clinical symptom and thus also be diagnostically significant. Headache in stroke should be classified as symptomatic headache (IHS 6.1 –6.2).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Dietrich, A. D üring, D. Rothkirch, F. Filippopulos, O. Eren, T. Dresler, A. Straube, G. Goßrau, T. Kraya Source Type: research
EP 8. The role of contralesional motor areas in early motor recovery – evidence from event-related (“online”) TMS
TMS studies examining the role of the unaffected hemisphere in motor function after stroke have mainly focused on the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1), revealing both supporting (Lotze et al., 2006; Rehme et al., 2011) as well as disturbing (Vollmer et al., 2015; Nowak et al., 2008) influence for recovery of function. However, the relevance of other contralesional motor areas for paretic hand function has rarely been examined, especially with respect to motor recovery in the first days and weeks after stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: K. Lemberg, C. Tscherpel, L. Hensel, M. Vollmer, L. Volz, G. Fink, C. Grefkes Source Type: research
EP 5. Decrement of the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation over time in chronic stroke patients
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been applied as one rehabilitative treatment option in stroke patients (Quandt and Hummel, 2014) and a meta-analysis recently showed its positive effects on motor recovery (Stein et al., 2015). One major challenge in stroke patients, especially severely impaired, is the opening of the hand due to extensor weakness accompanied by flexor spasticity. Here, NMES could provide assistance and substitute lost function. Studies in healthy controls have shown, however, that the rapid onset of muscle fatigue is a critical limitation for practical use.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Quandt, J. Feldheim, J.C. Loitz, D. Wolff, M. Rohm, R. Rupp, W.H. Krautschneider, F.C. Hummel Source Type: research
