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Source: Neurochemical Research

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Total 300 results found since Jan 2013.

Neuroprotective Effects of β-Myrcene Following Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Mediated Oxidative and Neuronal Damage in a C57BL/J6 Mouse.
In conclusion, MYR may be useful for the attenuation of the negative effects of global cerebral I/R and, in the future, may be a viable and safe alternative treatment for ischemic stroke in humans. PMID: 24972849 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 28, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ciftci O, Oztanir MN, Cetin A Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

miR-146a and miR-196a2 Polymorphisms in Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Northern Chinese Han Population.
This study indicates that miR-146a (rs2910164) might contribute to ischemic stroke susceptibility in the northern Chinese Han population. PMID: 24952884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 22, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhu R, Liu X, He Z, Li Q Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

σ-1 Receptor Inhibition of ASIC1a Channels is Dependent on a Pertussis Toxin-Sensitive G-Protein and an AKAP150/Calcineurin Complex.
Abstract ASIC1a channels play a major role in various pathophysiological conditions including depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and neurodegeneration following ischemic stroke. Sigma-1 (σ-1) receptor stimulation depresses the activity of ASIC1a channels in cortical neurons, but the mechanism(s) by which σ-1 receptors exert their influence on ASIC1a remains unknown. Experiments were undertaken to elucidate the signaling cascade linking σ-1 receptors to ASIC1a channels. Immunohistochemical studies showed that σ-1 receptors, ASIC1a and A-kinase anchoring peptide 150 colocalize in the plasma membrane of the cell body...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 13, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mari Y, Katnik C, Cuevas J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Pretreatment by Evodiamine is Neuroprotective in Cerebral Ischemia: Up-Regulated pAkt, pGSK3β, Down-Regulated NF-κB Expression, and Ameliorated BBB Permeability.
Abstract Inflammatory damage plays an important role in cerebral ischemic pathogenesis and may represent a target for treatment. Evodiamine (Evo) has been proved to elicit a variety of biological effects through its anti-inflammatory property in the treatment of infectious disease, Alzheimer's disease and hypoxia-induced inflammatory response. Whether this protective effect applies to cerebral ischemic injury, we therefore investigated the potential neuroprotective role of Evo and the underlying mechanisms. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 12, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao T, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Bai X, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen L, Wang L, Cui L Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Periodic Estrogen Receptor-Beta Activation: A Novel Approach to Prevent Ischemic Brain Damage.
Abstract In women, the risk for cerebral ischemia climbs rapidly after menopause. At menopause, production of ovarian hormones; i.e., progesterone and estrogen, slowly diminishes. Estrogen has been suggested to confer natural protection to premenopausal women from ischemic stroke and some of its debilitating consequences. This notion is also strongly supported by laboratory studies showing that a continuous chronic 17β-estradiol (E2; a potent estrogen) regimen protects brain from ischemic injury. However, concerns regarding the safety of the continuous intake of E2 were raised by the failed translation to the cli...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 7, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Cue L, Diaz F, Briegel KJ, Patel HH, Raval AP Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Protective Effect of Naringenin in Experimental Ischemic Stroke: Down-Regulated NOD2, RIP2, NF-κB, MMP-9 and Up-Regulated Claudin-5 Expression.
Abstract Inflammatory damage plays a pivotal, mainly detrimental role in cerebral ischemic pathogenesis and may represent a promising target for treatment. Naringenin (NG) has gained growing appreciation for its beneficial biological effects through its anti-inflammatory property. Whether this protective effect applies to cerebral ischemic injury, we therefore investigate the potential neuroprotective role of NG and the underlying mechanisms. Focal cerebral ischemia in male Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and NG was pre-administered intragastrically once daily ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 20, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bai X, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhao X, Zhao T, Zhao Y Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Neuron Specific Enolase and C-reactive Protein Levels in Stroke and Its Subtypes: Correlation with Degree of Disability.
Abstract Stroke is an emergency which threatens life and third leading cause of death and long term disability in developed countries. The use of biomarkers in diagnosing stroke and assessing prognosis is an emerging and rapidly evolving field. The study aimed to investigate the predictive value of biochemical marker of brain damage neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and systemic inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) with respect to degree of disability at the time of admission and short term in stroke patients. We investigated 120 patients with cerebrovascular stroke who were admitted within 72 h of onset of s...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 17, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pandey A, Shrivastava AK, Saxena K Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Ginsenoside Rd Attenuates Tau Protein Phosphorylation Via the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β Pathway After Transient Forebrain Ischemia.
Abstract Phosphorylated tau was found to be regulated after cerebral ischemia and linked to high risk for the development of post-stroke dementia. Our previous study showed that ginsenoside Rd (Rd), one of the main active ingredients in Panax ginseng, decreased tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer model. As an extending study, here we investigated whether Rd could reduce tau phosphorylation and sequential cognition impairment after ischemic stroke. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to focal cerebral ischemia. The tau phosphorylation of rat brains were analyzed following ischemia by Western blot and animal cognitive f...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 3, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhang X, Shi M, Ye R, Wang W, Liu X, Zhang G, Han J, Zhang Y, Wang B, Zhao J, Hui J, Xiong L, Zhao G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Oxidative Stress via Nrf2/ARE Signaling.
This study was conducted to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of EGCG and the possible role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway in the putative neuroprotection against experimental stroke in rats. The results revealed that EGCG exhibit significant neuroprotection, as evidenced by reduced infarction size and the decrease in transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive neurons. Furthermore, EGCG also enhanced levels of Nrf2 and its downstream ARE pathway genes such as heme oxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase modulatory subunit and glutamate-cy...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 3, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Han J, Wang M, Jing X, Shi H, Ren M, Lou H Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Prognostic Value of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Patients with Stroke.
Abstract We aimed to evaluate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and both clinical severity at admission and outcome at discharge in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). From June 2012 to October 2013, consecutive first-ever AIS patients admitted to the Department of Emergency of The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China were identified. Clinical information was collected. Serum 25(OH) D levels were measured at baseline. Stroke severity was assessed at admission using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Functional outcome was evalu...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang Y, Ji H, Tong Y, Zhang ZB Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Down-Regulation of miRNA-30a Alleviates Cerebral Ischemic Injury Through Enhancing Beclin 1-Mediated Autophagy.
In this study, the effects of miRNA-30a on ischemic injury in N2A cells and cultured cortical neurons after oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD), and mouse brain with MCAO-induced ischemic stroke were evaluated. The results showed that miRNA-30a expression levels were up regulated in the brain of mice after 6 h MCAO without reperfusion, but significantly down regulated in the peri-infarct region of mice with 1 h MCAO/24 h reperfusion and in N2A cells after 1 h OGD/6-48 h reoxygenation. Both the conversion ratio of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I and Beclin 1 protein level increased in N2A cel...
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wang P, Liang J, Li Y, Li J, Yang X, Zhang X, Han S, Li S, Li J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Tanshinone I in Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Gerbil Hippocampus.
In conclusion, these findings indicate that the pre-treatment with TsI can protect against ischemia-induced neuronal death in the CA1 via the increase or maintenance of endogenous inflammatory cytokines, and exogenous IL-4 does not protect against ischemic damage. PMID: 24760430 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 24, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Park JH, Park OK, Cho JH, Chen BH, Kim IH, Ahn JH, Lee JC, Yan BC, Yoo KY, Lee CH, Hwang IK, Kwon SH, Lee YL, Won MH, Choi JH Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Serum S100β is a Better Biomarker than Neuron-Specific Enolase for Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy and Determining Its Prognosis: A Prospective and Observational Study.
Abstract S100β and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are brain injury biomarkers, mainly used in brain trauma, cerebral stroke and hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy. The aim of this study was to study the clinical significance of serum S100β and NSE in diagnosing sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) and predicting its prognosis. This was a prospective and observational study. Clinical data of septic patients were collected within 24 h after ICU admission from May 2012 to April 2013. We evaluated the level of consciousness twice per day. SAE was defined as cerebral dysfunction in the presence of sepsis that fulfille...
Source: Neurochemical Research - April 24, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yao B, Zhang LN, Ai YH, Liu ZY, Huang L Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Phenanthrolines Protect Astrocytes from Hemin Without Chelating Iron.
Abstract Hemin, the degradation product of hemoglobin, contributes to the neurodegeneration that occurs in the weeks following a hemorrhagic stroke. The breakdown of hemin in cells releases redox-active iron that can facilitate the production of toxic hydroxyl radicals. The present study used 3-week old primary cultures of mouse astrocytes to compare the toxicity of 33 μM hemin in the presence of the iron chelator 1,10-phenanthroline or its non-chelating analogue, 4,7-phenanthroline. This concentration of hemin killed approximately 75 % of astrocytes within 24 h. Both isoforms of phenanthroline significantly d...
Source: Neurochemical Research - February 17, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Owen JE, Bishop GM, Robinson SR Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Valproic Acid: A New Candidate of Therapeutic Application for the Acute Central Nervous System Injuries.
Abstract Acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI), are common causes of human disabilities and deaths, but the pathophysiology of these diseases is not fully elucidated and, thus, effective pharmacotherapies are still lacking. Valproic acid (VPA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylation, is mainly used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder with few complications. Recently, the neuroprotective effects of VPA have been demonstrated in several models of acute CNS injuries, such as stroke, TBI, and SCI. VPA protects the brain from injury p...
Source: Neurochemical Research - January 31, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chen S, Wu H, Klebe D, Hong Y, Zhang J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research