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Total 875 results found since Jan 2013.

Metabolic syndrome impairs reactivity and wall mechanics of cerebral resistance arteries in obese zucker rats.
This study determined the structural and functional changes to the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) during the progression of MetS, and the effects of chronic pharmacological interventions on mitigating vascular alterations in obese Zucker rats (OZR), a translationally-relevant model of MetS. The reactivity and wall mechanics of ex vivo pressurized MCA from lean Zucker rats (LZR) and OZR was determined at 7-8, 12-13 and 16-17 weeks of age under control conditions and following chronic treatment with pharmacological agents targeting specific systemic pathologies. With increasing age, control OZR demonstrated reduced nitric ox...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - October 16, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Brooks SD, DeVallance E, d'Audiffret AC, Frisbee SJ, Tabone LE, Shrader CD, Frisbee JC, Chantler PD Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Statins Promote Long-Term Recovery after Ischemic Stroke by Reconnecting Noradrenergic Neuronal Circuitry.
This study investigated the effects of statins on the recovery of NA neuron circuitry and its function after transient focal cerebral ischemia (tFCI). Using the wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) transgene technique combined with the recombinant adenoviral vector system, NA-specific neuronal pathways were labeled, and were identified in the locus coeruleus (LC), where NA neurons originate. NA circuitry in the atorvastatin-treated group recovered faster than in the vehicle-treated group. The damaged NA circuitry was partly reorganized with the gradual recovery of autonomic dysfunction and neurobehavioral deficit. Newly proliferate...
Source: Neural Plasticity - October 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Cho KJ, Cheon SY, Kim GW Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Comparative effects of more versus less aggressive treatment with statins on the long-term outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke
There are no studies that compared the effects of different intensities of statin treatment on the long-term outcome of patients with recent ischemic stroke. We aimed to evaluate these effects. Methods: We prospectively studied 436 consecutive patients who were discharged after acute ischemic stroke (39.2% males, age 78.6±6.7 years). Statin treatment was categorized in equipotent doses of atorvastatin. One year after discharge, the functional status was assessed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS).
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 2, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Konstantinos Tziomalos, Vasilios Giampatzis, Stella D. Bouziana, Marianna Spanou, Stavroula Kostaki, Maria Papadopoulou, Stella-Maria Angelopoulou, Filitsa Konstantara, Christos Savopoulos, Apostolos I. Hatzitolios Source Type: research

Acute perioperative-stress-induced increase of atherosclerotic plaque volume and vulnerability to rupture in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice is amenable to statin treatment and IL-6 inhibition RESEARCH ARTICLE
ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction and stroke are frequent after surgical procedures and consume a considerable amount of benefit of surgical therapy. Perioperative stress, induced by surgery, is composed of hemodynamic and inflammatory reactions. The effects of perioperative stress on atherosclerotic plaques are ill-defined. Murine models to investigate the influence of perioperative stress on plaque stability and rupture are not available. We developed a model to investigate the influence of perioperative stress on plaque growth and stability by exposing apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice, fed a high cholesterol diet for 7 ...
Source: DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms - August 27, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Janssen, H., Wagner, C. S., Demmer, P., Callies, S., Solter, G., Loghmani-khouzani, H., Hu, N., Schuett, H., Tietge, U. J. F., Warnecke, G., Larmann, J., Theilmeier, G. Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Early treatment with atorvastatin exerts parenchymal and vascular protective effects in experimental cerebral ischemia
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSAcute atorvastatin provides global cerebral protection, but only at the higher dose of 20 mg/kg/d, related to a reduction of inflammation in both vascular and parenchymal compartments. Our results suggest that atorvastatin could also be beneficial when administered early after stroke.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - August 19, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: C Potey, T Ouk, O Petrault, M Petrault, V Berezowski, J Salleron, R Bordet, S Gautier Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Neuroprotective effects and dynamic expressions of MMP9 and TIMP1 associated with atorvastatin pretreatment in ischemia–reperfusion rats
In conclusion, Oral administration of atorvastatin before stroke may reduce the severity in I/R injury and improve neurological outcome by lowering MMP9 levels and elevating TIMP1 levels.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - July 30, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Studies support broader use of cholesterol-lowering statins
The latest guidelines used to determine who should take a cholesterol-lowering statin to prevent heart disease appear to be more accurate and cost-efficient than the previous guidelines. That’s according to two studies led by Harvard researchers, both published in this week’s Journal of the American Medical Association. For many years, the main deciding factor in who needed to take a statin was the level of an individual’s harmful low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Updated guidelines published in 2013 by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association moved away from LDL and ...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - July 16, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Julie Corliss Tags: Drugs and Supplements cholesterol high cholesterol statins Source Type: news

Statin Drugs and Prostate Cancer
Statin drugs are a group of widely prescribed ones used to lower a person's cholesterol level. Common statin medications include brands such as Lipitor, Crestor and Zocar. Statins work by inhibiting an enzyme in the human body, 'HMG-CoA reductase,' which is used to manufacture cholesterol and the drugs may also help to clear already formed cholesterol from the bloodstream. High cholesterol is a known cause of cardiovascular disease and it is well-established that statins reduce the rate of illness and death caused by cardiovascular disease. While statins can help to prevent the risk of a stroke or heart attack, some studie...
Source: Disabled World - June 8, 2015 Category: Disability Tags: Pharmaceutical - Drug Information Source Type: news

Clinical Reasoning: A 66-year-old man with recurrent multi-territory infarcts
A 66-year-old man was referred to our center for evaluation of recurrent infarcts in multiple vascular territories over the preceding 6 months (figure 1). The patient first presented with a 3-month, stuttering course of transient neurologic deficits, including right arm and leg hemiparesis, expressive aphasia, and right homonymous hemianopia. He was initially evaluated at a community Stroke Prevention Clinic. His medical history was significant for several classic vascular risk factors: coronary artery disease requiring a coronary artery bypass graft, dyslipidemia for which he was taking atorvastatin 20 mg daily, and obstr...
Source: Neurology - June 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kouzmitcheva, E., Steriade, C., Prica, A., Hazrati, L.-N., Mandell, D. M. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Education RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Fasting Triglycerides Predict Recurrent Ischemic Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Treated With Statins
ConclusionsAmong patients with ACS treated effectively with statins, fasting triglycerides predict long-term and short-term cardiovascular risk. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may be an important additional target for therapy. (A Study of RO4607381 in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients With Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome; NCT00658515)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging - May 25, 2015 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

High-intensity statin therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions High-intensity statin therapy could effectively reduce the risk of stroke in patients with CKD. However, its effects on all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, heart failure and renal protection remain unclear. Moreover, it is hard to draw conclusions on the safety assessment of intensive statin treatment in this particular population. More studies are needed to credibly evaluate the effects of high-intensity statin therapy in patients with CKD.
Source: BMJ Open - May 15, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Yan, Y.-L., Qiu, B., Wang, J., Deng, S.-B., Wu, L., Jing, X.-D., Du, J.-L., Liu, Y.-J., She, Q. Tags: Open access, Cardiovascular medicine, Pharmacology and therapeutics Research Source Type: research

Excessive range of statin dose in Western Australian primary care
ConclusionThe extraordinarily wide variation in statin dose is at odds with the more consistent doses of other drugs used in the management of arterial disease. Unnecessarily high statin dosing increases side effects and may not improve clinical outcomes appreciably. Rational prescribing of statins based on the pharmacodynamic evidence, with lower doses in most patients, combined with close attention to reduction of smoking, blood pressure and weight is likely to reduce arterial disease most efficiently and safely.
Source: Internal Medicine Journal - April 14, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: SB Dimmitt, A Moran, M Scartozzi, HG Stampfer, JB Warren Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Crossed Subcortical Aphasia (P1.048)
CONCLUSIONS: This patient is a rare case in which right-sided subcortical damage results in aphasia. The most comprehensive evidence on language lateralization comes from functional studies of healthy adults that differ in their degree of handedness. It appears that the degree of right-handedness correlates, with the degree of left hemisphere language dominance.Disclosure: Dr. Murray has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kase has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bickart has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Murray, C., Kase, C., Nguyen, T., Bickart, K. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: The Spectrum of Small Vessel Cerebrovascular Disease Source Type: research

Relationship of Oxidized Phospholipids on Apolipoprotein B-100 to Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Treated With Intensive Versus Moderate Atorvastatin Therapy The TNT Trial
ConclusionsElevated OxPL-apoB levels predict secondary MACE in patients with stable CHD, a risk that is mitigated by atorvastatin 80 mg. (A Study to Determine the Degree of Additional Reduction in CV Risk in Lowering LDL Below Minimum Target Levels [TNT]; NCT00327691)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - March 30, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cholesterol – the super-stealthy invisible illness
Sourced from The Hysterectomy Association: Hysterectomy Association - Hysterectomy Association - hysterectomy, menopause and hormone replacement therapy (hrt) information and support for women. As far as invisible illnesses go, they don’t come much stealthier than high cholesterol. It’s easily ignored because it builds up gradually, often showing no symptoms whatsoever. A person with high or increasing cholesterol levels will most likely feel perfectly healthy. It’s a scary though that the first sign of high cholesterol may be a heart attack or stroke – and could even prove fatal! Fortunately, medical professionals...
Source: The Hysterectomy Association - March 26, 2015 Category: OBGYN Authors: Linda Parkinson-Hardman Tags: Health Conditions cholesterol invisible illness Source Type: news