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Augmentation of perfusion with simultaneous vasodilator and inotropic agents in experimental acute middle cerebral artery occlusion: a pilot study
Conclusion Results suggest that perfusion can be augmented in ischemic stroke with norepinephrine and hydralazine. Perfusion augmentation depends on degree of collateralization and territory in question, with some evidence of vascular steal.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - August 29, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Liu, M., Saadat, N., Jeong, Y. I., Roth, S., Niekrasz, M., Carroll, T., Christoforidis, G. A. Tags: Ischemic stroke Source Type: research

E-187 Pipeline embolization stent for treatment of giant supraclinoid aneurysms: a case series
ConclusionThe Pipeline embolization device is a novel technique that can be utilized for treatment of giant cerebrovascular aneurysms with emerging evidence of immediate and long-term success. Further patient enrollment and clinical trials will be required to assess its efficacy in comparison to other endovascular and surgical approaches for the treatment of giant aneurysms.Disclosures M. Fana: None. O. Alsrouji: None. M. Rehman: None.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 23, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Fana, M., Alsrouji, O., Rehman, M. Tags: SNIS 19th annual meeting electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

A Pregnancy Complication to Look out for even after Pregnancy
​BY GREGORY TAYLOR, DO, & SHERIF G. EL-ALAYLI, DOA 30-year-old G5P3 presented to the ED with bilateral lower-extremity edema and headache for three days. She presented one week after an uncomplicated full-term vaginal delivery with an unremarkable pregnancy course and no prior requirement for antihypertensive therapy. The headache was described as achy to sharp, with associated photophobia. She also noted occasional vaginal spotting, which was common a few weeks after delivery. She denied any chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain, or any other symptoms. She admitted to occasional mild cr...
Source: The Case Files - August 28, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

Use of Antihypertensive Medications During Delivery Hospitalizations Complicated by Preeclampsia.
CONCLUSION: Use of multiple antihypertensive agents to treat preeclamptic women increased over the study period for women with mild, superimposed, and severe preeclampsia. There was substantial hospital variation in use of antihypertensive agents. This trend was associated with decreased risk of maternal stroke. PMID: 29420396 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - February 5, 2018 Category: OBGYN Authors: Cleary KL, Siddiq Z, Ananth CV, Wright JD, Too G, DʼAlton ME, Friedman AM Tags: Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research

To study the impact of chronic vasodilator therapy on perihematomal edema in primary intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) (P2.259)
Conclusions:Though limited by small sample size, this retro spective study suggests that chronic vasodilator therapy may serve to prevent worsening cerebral edema. This is a tantalizing finding that, if confirmed, could lead to potential pharmacological interventions for patients with ICH. Further prospective studies evaluating the effect of vasodilators in this patient population will be required.Disclosure: Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Albright has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pennington has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shapshak has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Singh, M., Albright, K., Pennington, A., Gupta, S., Shapshak, A. H. Tags: Intracerebral Hemorrhage Source Type: research

Collateral Blood Flow Availability in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report (P4.360)
Conclusion: This case supports earlier autopsy specimen dissections indicating most borderzone collaterals linking to adjacent vascular territories are too small to generate the immediate flow needed to spare tissue proximal to a middle cerebral stem occlusion. Assuming acute vasodilation is possible for these vessels, the acute use of vasodilators such as nitroglycerin or hydralazine and calcium-channel blockers like Nimodipine could provide an area for future study.Disclosure: Dr. Rostanski has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lavine has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mohr has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Rostanski, S., Lavine, S., Mohr, J. Tags: Cerebrovascular Case Reports Source Type: research

Metabolic syndrome impairs reactivity and wall mechanics of cerebral resistance arteries in obese Zucker rats
This study determined the structural and functional changes in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) during the progression of MetS and the effects of chronic pharmacological interventions on mitigating vascular alterations in obese Zucker rats (OZR), a translationally relevant model of MetS. The reactivity and wall mechanics of ex vivo pressurized MCA from lean Zucker rats (LZR) and OZR were determined at 7–8, 12–13, and 16–17 wk of age under control conditions and following chronic treatment with pharmacological agents targeting specific systemic pathologies. With increasing age, control OZR demonstrated r...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - December 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Brooks, S. D., DeVallance, E., d'Audiffret, A. C., Frisbee, S. J., Tabone, L. E., Shrader, C. D., Frisbee, J. C., Chantler, P. D. Tags: CALL FOR PAPERS Source Type: research

Time to Blood Pressure Control Before Thrombolytic Therapy in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of Labetalol, Nicardipine, and Hydralazine
Conclusions: Adequate initial dosing of antihypertensive treatment has the potential to reduce time to blood pressure control and possibly time to alteplase therapy. The optimal antihypertensive regimen for controlling blood pressure before alteplase therapy remains unclear.
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing - November 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Pharmacology Update Source Type: research

Metabolic syndrome impairs reactivity and wall mechanics of cerebral resistance arteries in obese zucker rats.
This study determined the structural and functional changes to the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) during the progression of MetS, and the effects of chronic pharmacological interventions on mitigating vascular alterations in obese Zucker rats (OZR), a translationally-relevant model of MetS. The reactivity and wall mechanics of ex vivo pressurized MCA from lean Zucker rats (LZR) and OZR was determined at 7-8, 12-13 and 16-17 weeks of age under control conditions and following chronic treatment with pharmacological agents targeting specific systemic pathologies. With increasing age, control OZR demonstrated reduced nitric ox...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - October 16, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Brooks SD, DeVallance E, d'Audiffret AC, Frisbee SJ, Tabone LE, Shrader CD, Frisbee JC, Chantler PD Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

New Quality Measure Seeks to Optimize Cardiovascular Care For African Americans
In recent months, the debate on race and policing in this country has ignited passions and raised important questions. But while headlines have highlighted instances of excessive force by police and the discriminatory treatment of African Americans, the conversation hasn't yet made the logical leap to a discussion around unequal access to care. It is widely accepted in medical literature that African Americans, Hispanics, and the poor are receiving substandard health care. By way of example, the treatment of heart disease should not be a matter of race; it should be a matter of science and medicine. Today, there are thous...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - September 2, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Brain Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockade Improves Dairy Blood Pressure Variability via Sympathoinhibition in Hypertensive Rats.
Authors: Kishi T, Hirooka Y, Sunagawa K Abstract Abnormal blood pressure (BP) elevation in early morning is known to cause cardiovascular events. Previous studies have suggested that one of the reasons in abnormal dairy BP variability is sympathoexcitation. We have demonstrated that brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) causes sympathoexcitation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether central AT1R blockade attenuates the excess BP elevation in rest-to-active phase in hypertensive rats or not. Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were treated with intracerebroventricular infusi...
Source: International Journal of Hypertension - May 2, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: Int J Hypertens Source Type: research

Cerebral cortical microvascular rarefaction in metabolic syndrome is dependent on insulin resistance and loss of nitric oxide bioavailability
ConclusionsFurther analyses revealed that the maintenance of glycemic control and vascular nitric oxide bioavailability were stronger predictors of cerebral cortical MVD in OZR than was prevention of hypertension, and this may have implications for chronic treatment of CVD risk under stroke‐prone conditions.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Microcirculation - May 1, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Paul D. Chantler, Carl D. Shrader, Lawrence E. Tabone, Alexandre C. d'Audiffret, Khumara Huseynova, Steven D. Brooks, Kayla W. Branyan, Kristin A. Grogg, Jefferson C. Frisbee Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Pulmonary vascular response to exercise in symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension
ConclusionsEven after thorough decongestion and under continuous afterload reduction, PH secondary to HFrEF is completely reversible in only a minority of patients. Others demonstrate an exercise‐induced PVR increase, associated with impaired right ventricular stroke work, which might be ameliorated by nitric oxide donor support.
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - December 30, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frederik H. Verbrugge, Matthias Dupont, Philippe B. Bertrand, Petra Nijst, Lars Grieten, Joseph Dens, David Verhaert, Stefan Janssens, W. H. Wilson Tang, Wilfried Mullens Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Perindopril increases the swallowing reflex by inhibiting substance P degradation and tyrosine hydroxylase activation in a rat model of dysphagia.
Abstract Patients with hypertension have a high risk of ischemic stroke and subsequent stroke-associated pneumonia. Stroke-associated pneumonia is most likely to develop in patients with dysphagia. The present study was designed to compare the ameliorative effects of different treatments in rat model of dysphagia. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion causing disorders of the swallowing reflex. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (perindopril, imidapril and enalapril), an angiotensin II type 1-receptor ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - November 12, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ikeda JI, Kojima N, Saeki K, Ishihara M, Takayama M Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

A Randomized Pilot Study of Aortic Waveform Guided Therapy in Chronic Heart Failure Heart Failure
Conclusions Maximization of goal-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients may enhance afterload reduction and lead to reverse remodeling, while additional medicine titration based upon aortic pressure data improves exercise capacity in patients with heart failure.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Borlaug, B. A., Olson, T. P., Abdelmoneim Mohamed, S., Melenovsky, V., Sorrell, V. L., Noonan, K., Lin, G., Redfield, M. M. Tags: Heart Failure Source Type: research

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