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Characterization of Astrocytes in the Minocycline-Administered Mouse Photothrombotic Ischemic Stroke Model
In this study, we used a mouse photothrombotic ischemic stroke model to examine the characteristics of astrocytes after the administration of minocycline during ischemic stroke. Minocycline increased astrocyte reactivity and affected the localization of astrocytes in the penumbra region. Molecular characterization revealed that the induced expression of mRNA encoding the fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) by photothrombosis was enhanced by the minocycline administration. Meanwhile, minocycline did not significantly affect the phenotype or class of astrocytes. The expression of Fabp7 mRNA was well correlated with that of ...
Source: Neurochemical Research - July 30, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mari Kondo Haruka Okazaki Kei Nakayama Hirofumi Hohjoh Kimie Nakagawa Eri Segi-Nishida Hiroshi Hasegawa Source Type: research

Potential Applications of Remote Limb Ischemic Conditioning for Chronic Cerebral Circulation Insufficiency
Conclusion Due to its long-term and often invisible course, CCCI has received less attention than acute cerebral ischemic stroke. However, without appropriate intervention, CCCI may lead to a variety of adverse events. Because the pathophysiological changes associated with CCCI are complex, pharmacological research in this area has been disappointing. Recent research suggests that RLIC, which is less invasive and more well-tolerated than drug treatment, can activate endogenous protective mechanisms during CCCI. In the present report, we reviewed studies related to CCCI (Table 1), as well as those related to stroke and sta...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Hypothermia followed by rapid rewarming exacerbates ischemia-induced brain injury and augments inflammatory response in rats.
Abstract Hypothermia followed by slow rewarming is neuroprotective for ischemic stroke. However, slow rewarming causes patients' longer stay in intensive care unit and increases the risk of hypothermic complications. Hypothermia followed by rapid rewarming (HTRR) is more convenient; but it exacerbates intracranial hypertension for patients with massive hemispheric infarcts. The present study aims to investigate in detail how HTRR exacerbates ischemic brain injury and what are underlying mechanisms. Rats subjected to transient focal ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with normothermia or hypo...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 19, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu SZ, Gu Y, Wu Z, Hu YF, Pan SY Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Minocycline mitigates the gliogenic effects of proinflammatory cytokines on neural stem cells
Mobilizing endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult brain is designed to enhance the brain's regenerative capacity after cerebral lesions, e.g., as a result of stroke. Cerebral ischemia elicits neuroinflammatory processes affecting NSCs in multiple ways, the precise mechanisms of which currently remain elusive. An inhibitory effect of minocycline on microglia activation, a hallmark of postischemic neuroinflammation, has already been demonstrated in clinical trials, showing minocycline to be safe and potentially effective in ischemic stroke. Here we investigate the direct effects of minocycline and of proinflammator...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - November 3, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sabine Ulrike Vay, Stefan Blaschke, Rebecca Klein, Gereon Rudolf Fink, Michael Schroeter, Maria Adele Rueger Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Attenuation of acute stroke injury in rat brain by minocycline promotes blood¿brain barrier remodeling and alternative microglia/macrophage activation during recovery
Conclusions: Early minocycline treatment against reperfusion injury significantly promotes neurovascular remodeling during stroke recovery by reducing brain tissue loss, enhancing TJP expression in ischemic brains and facilitating neuroprotective phenotype alternative activation of microglia/macrophages.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - February 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Yirong YangVictor SalayandiaJeffrey ThompsonLisa YangEduardo EstradaYi Yang Source Type: research