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Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications —risks and mitigation
AbstractProliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) the sequel of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population. The current screening process for the DR risk is not sufficiently effective such that often the disease is undetected until irreversible damage occurs. Diabetes-associated small vessel disease and neuroretinal changes create a vicious cycle resulting in the conversion of DR into PDR with characteristic ocular attributes including excessive mitochondrial and retinal cell damage, chronic inflammation, neovascularisation, a...
Source: EPMA Journal - February 13, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research

Risk factors for ischemic cerebral stroke in patient with acute amaurosis fugax
CONCLUSION: Ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction were diagnosed in 0.3%-0.9% of hospitalized acute AF cases. Presence of hypercoagulable state, systemic vasculitis, CAD, and atherosclerosis each individually increased the risk of ischemic stroke by more than 3-fold; patients with these risk factors and acute AF should be closely monitored for developing acute systemic thrombotic events.PMID:36368408 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.10.010
Source: Atherosclerosis - November 11, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tony Y Chen Aditya Uppuluri Owais Aftab Marco Zarbin Nathan Agi Neelakshi Bhagat Source Type: research

Retinal parameters, cortical cerebral microinfarcts and their interaction with cognitive impairment
Conclusions: Retinal vascular and neuronal parameters are associated with cortical CMIs and persons with both pathologies are likely to have cognitive impairment. Further studies may be warranted to evaluate the clinical utility of retinal parameters and CMI in risk prediction for cognitive dysfunction.Data access statement: The data that support the findings of this study is available from the corresponding author upon request.PMID:35450485 | DOI:10.1177/17474930221097737
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saima Hilal Carol Y Cheung Tien Yin Wong Leopold Schmetterer Christopher Chen Source Type: research

Determining the role of SGLT2 inhibition with Empagliflozin in the development of diabetic retinopathy
Biosci Rep. 2022 Mar 31;42(3):BSR20212209. doi: 10.1042/BSR20212209.ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that occurs when the pancreas is not producing enough insulin or when the insulin that it does produce is not able to be used effectively in the body. This results in hyperglycemia and if the blood sugars are not controlled, then it can lead to serious damage of various body systems, especially the nerves and the blood vessels. Uncontrolled diabetes is a major cause of kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and amputation. One of the most devastating complications for patients is diabetic retinopathy ...
Source: Bioscience Reports - March 2, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jennifer Matthews Lakshini Herat Jennifer Rooney Elizabeth Rakoczy Markus Schlaich Vance B Matthews Source Type: research

Serum levels of antibodies against oxidation-specific epitopes are decreased in patients with retinal vein occlusion
Conclusion: These prospective data show that antibodies against oxidation-specific epitope are lower in patients with RVO compared with control patients and support the concept that oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in the development and subsequent complications in RVO.
Source: RETINA - May 27, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Original Study Source Type: research

The Spectrum of Maculopathy in Mitochondrial DNA A3243G Mutation: A Case Series of Six Patients
CONCLUSIONS: A single mtDNA point mutation at locus 3243 can result in a variety of clinical presentations (MELAS, MIDD, or CPEO). Ocular involvement may manifest as a perimacular/peripapillary RPE atrophy/deposit, which can variably impact central visual function (from asymptomatic to legal blindness). The discovery of such a maculopathy should prompt the ophthalmologist to complete the personal and family history, namely, asking for the presence of diabetes mellitus and/or deafness.PMID:33930928 | DOI:10.1055/a-1386-5826
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - April 30, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Eirini Kaisari Fran çois-Xavier Borruat Source Type: research

Role Of Glp-1 Analogs In The Management Of Diabetes And Its Secondary Complication
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2021 Apr 21. doi: 10.2174/1389557521666210422114909. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe cardiovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease and, stroke and retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy are microvascular complications. While the newer therapies like glitazones or even dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors increase the risk of therapy, the Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs), were reported as suitable alternates. The GLP-1RAs reduce the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), have anti...
Source: Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry - April 23, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar B Premkumar Prabhawathi Veluchamy Pranav Kumar Prabhakar Source Type: research

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