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The critical period for neuroprotection by estrogen replacement therapy and the potential underlying mechanisms.
Abstract 17β-Estradiol (estradiol or E2) is a steroid hormone that has been broadly applied as a neuroprotective therapeutic for a variety of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular disorders such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Several laboratory and clinical studies have reported that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) had no effect against these diseases in elderly postmenopausal women, and at worst, increased their risk of onset and mortality. This review focuses on the growing body of data from in vitro and animal models characterizing the potential underlying mechanisms and s...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - January 22, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Guo H, Liu M, Zhang L, Wang L, Hou W, Ma Y, Ma Y Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

The Effects of Intelectin-1 on Antioxidant and Angiogenesis in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen Glucose Deprivation
Conclusion: These results suggest intelectin-1 promotes angiogenesis, inhibits oxidative stress and reduces apoptosis by stimulating the Akt-eNOS signaling pathway in response to ischemia in vitro. Introduction Stroke is a main reason of human neurological disability, ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for almost 80–90% of all strokes. IS occurs after a cerebral blood flow disruption, leading to cellular death and tissue damage by restricting glucose and oxygen supplies (1). Ischemic vascular diseases cause substantial vascular valve and vascular endothelial cell injuries, eventually damaging the surrounding tis...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Reprint of: From the 90׳s to now: A brief historical perspective on more than two decades of estrogen neuroprotection.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:50th Anniversary Issue. PMID: 27317847 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - June 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Singh M, Simpkins JW Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

From the 90׳s to now: A brief historical perspective on more than two decades of estrogen neuroprotection.
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:50th Anniversary Issue. PMID: 26740397 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - December 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Singh M, Simpkins JW Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Abstract 1852: Merlin/NF2 is associated with elevated aromatase expression and estrogen formation in human liver tissues and liver cancer cells: An unifying model for hepatocellular carcinoma development and progression
It is recognized that the product of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) tumor suppressor gene, also referred to as Merlin/neurofibromin, is implicated in the homeostatic regulation of the liver stem cell niche through the control of abundance and signaling of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with a mechanism independent of the Mst/Lats/Yap Hippo pathway [1]. We have previously reported that locally elevated estrogen formation, driven by abnormally high expression and function of the aromatase enzyme, may be implicated in both development and progression of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through the activation of ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cocciadiferro, L., Miceli, V., Granata, O. M., Carruba, G. Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Could Antibodies or Hormones Slow Brain Damage from Alzheimer’s?
Scientists have discovered that certain antibodies may help slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Dr. Patricia Salinas of University College London, UK, and her team focused on a protein called Dkk1, present in raised levels in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease. Using brain samples from mice, the team looked at the progressive disintegration of synapses in the hippocampus when exposed to a protein called amyloid-beta, thought to be central to the development of Alzheimer’s disease. “Synaptic loss mediated by amyloid-beta in early stages of the disease might contribute to cognitive...
Source: Psych Central - June 1, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jane Collingwood Tags: Aging Alzheimer's Disorders General Seniors Abnormal Deposits Alzheimer S Disease Antibodies Brain Area Brain Damage Cognitive Decline Cognitive Impairments Disintegration Dr Patricia Dr Simon Hippocampus Journal Of Neurosc Source Type: news