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"Pictures Don't Lie, Seeing Is Believing": Exploring Attitudes to the Introduction of Pictorial Warnings on Cigarette Packs in Ghana
Conclusions: Warning labels combining pictures and text have the potential to reduce smoking uptake, increase quit attempts, and reduce smoking appeal among smokers and nonsmokers in Ghana. Measures to prevent single stick sales, or to promote health messages to purchasers of single sticks, are required.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - November 24, 2014 Category: Addiction Authors: Singh, A., Owusu-Dabo, E., Britton, J., Munafo, M. R., Jones, L. L. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Chronic diseases and conditions related to alcohol use.
Authors: Shield KD, Parry C, Rehm J Abstract Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for many chronic diseases and conditions. The average volume of alcohol consumed, consumption patterns, and quality of the alcoholic beverages consumed likely have a causal impact on the mortality and morbidity related to chronic diseases and conditions. Twenty-five chronic disease and condition codes in the International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 are entirely attributable to alcohol, and alcohol plays a component-risk role in certain cancers, other tumors, neuropsychiatric conditions, and numerous cardiovascular and digestiv...
Source: Alcohol Research - November 25, 2014 Category: Addiction Tags: Alcohol Res Source Type: research

Does comparing alcohol use along a single dimension obscure within-group differences? Investigating men's hazardous drinking by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity
Frequent or high-volume alcohol consumption (i.e., heavy drinking) has long been an important public health concern as it has been associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal disease, some cancers, stroke, and cognitive impairment (Boffetta and Hashibe, 2006; Meyerhoff et al., 2005; Thakker, 1998). Heavy drinking may also exert indirectly harmful effects through associations with inter-personal violence (Caetano et al., 2001; Lipsky et al., 2005; Testa et al., 2003), motor-vehicle crashes (Blomberg et al., 2009; Hingson and Winter, 2003; Peck et al., 2008; Zador et al., 2000), and risky sexual behaviors (Bimbi et al...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - March 22, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Paul A. Gilbert, Jason Daniel-Ulloa, Kerith J. Conron Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol use as Predictors of Disability Retirement: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Tobacco use and excess alcohol consumption are both risk factors for several chronic diseases. Tobacco use is a leading preventable risk factor for premature mortality (World Health Organization (WHO), 2009), accounting for 18% of deaths in high-income countries (WHO, 2009a,b), and being second only to high blood pressure globally (9% vs. 13% of deaths, respectively). Smoking raises the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and cancers (WHO, 2009a,b). Compared to never smokers, smokers have a 25-fold risk of death due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a 2.5-fold risk due to ischemic heart ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 10, 2015 Category: Addiction Authors: Tellervo Korhonen, Eero Smeds, Karri Silventoinen, Kauko Heikkilä, Jaakko Kaprio Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Statement on new CMO guidelines on low risk drinking
Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new guidelines by the UK Chief Medical Officers and calls for a public debate to increase understanding on the levels of risk associated with alcohol consumption. Alcohol Research UK welcomes the new CMO guidelines on low-risk drinking, which are strongly informed by recent research on the health effects of alcohol consumption at all levels. The evidence of the association between alcohol and cancer has become stronger in recent years and shows that some cancer risks start to increase with any amount of alcohol consumption – though those risks are usually low to start with.  Acknowle...
Source: Alcohol Research UK - January 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Julie Symes Tags: News guidelines risk risk factors Source Type: news

Perceived Health Risks of Snus and Medicinal Nicotine Products
Conclusions: Among smokers seeking an alternative to smoking in a clinic setting, PHR of a product changes after product use but may not be related to product use patterns. Implications: PHRs of snus or medicinal nicotine in smokers assigned to these products become more accurate after product use. PHR does not appear to be associated with patterns of product use; rather satisfaction with a product is a better indicator as to whether a smoker is compliant with only using the product or continues to use the product.
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hatsukami, D. K., Vogel, R. I., Severson, H. H., Jensen, J. A., OConnor, R. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research

Cost ‐effectiveness of alternative smoking cessation scenarios in Spain: results from the EQUIPTMOD
ConclusionsAccording to the EQUIPTMOD modelling tool it would be cost‐effective for the Spanish authorities to expand the reach of existing GP brief interventions for smoking cessation, provide pro‐active telephone support, and reimburse smoking cessation medication to smokers trying to stop. Such policies would more than pay for themselves in the long run.
Source: Addiction - March 13, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Marta Trapero ‐Bertran, Celia Muñoz, Kathryn Coyle, Doug Coyle, Adam Lester‐George, Reiner Leidl, Bertalan Németh, Kei‐Long Cheung, Subhash Pokhrel, Ángel Lopez‐Nicolás Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

Estimates of costs for modelling return on investment from smoking cessation interventions
ConclusionsCosts of treating smoking‐attributable diseases as well as the costs of implementing smoking cessation interventions vary substantially across Hungary, Netherlands, Germany, Spain and England. Estimates for the costs of these diseases and interventions can contribute to return on investment estimates in support of national or regional policy decisions.
Source: Addiction - March 13, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Marta Trapero ‐Bertran, Reiner Leidl, Celia Muñoz, Puttarin Kulchaitanaroaj, Kathryn Coyle, Maximilian Präger, Judit Józwiak‐Hagymásy, Kei Long Cheung, Mickael Hiligsmann, Subhash Pokhrel, Tags: Research Report Source Type: research

A prospective study of health conditions related to alcohol consumption cessation among 97,852 drinkers aged 45 and over in Australia.
CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis with a variety of health conditions appears to prompt drinking cessation in older adults. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 30758044 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - February 13, 2019 Category: Addiction Authors: Sarich P, Canfell K, Banks E, Paige E, Egger S, Joshy G, Korda R, Weber M Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Marijuana Use for Women: To Prescribe or Not to Prescribe.
Conclusions: Benefits and risks for both the patient and the offspring especially in the long term regarding marijuana use should be carefully weighed for each specific case. Standardized dosing and duration of treatment need to be determined. Recommendations should be made by physicians with expert training and after careful patient evaluation for fully informed patients, whose preference should be respected. Legislations should encourage more active basic, translational, and clinical studies. PMID: 32627638 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Substance Use and Misuse - July 8, 2020 Category: Addiction Tags: Subst Use Misuse Source Type: research

International Nursing Collaboration to Establish the Philippine Quit Line: Using a Conceptual Model for Partnership and Sustainability in Global Health
Tobacco use remains the single most preventable cause of death and disability worldwide. In the Philippines, 28.3% of the people are current tobacco smokers, which is one of the highest smoking rates in Asia. The World Health Organization estimates that 10 Filipinos die every day from cancer, stroke, and lung and heart disease caused by cigarette smoke and approximately 24 million Filipinos are exposed to secondhand smoke in the home. Although there are quit lines in all 50 U.S. states and territories, there was no access to this smoking cessation program in the Philippines before the initiation of the international collab...
Source: Journal of Addictions Nursing - January 1, 2021 Category: Addiction Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Measuring Global Alcohol Health Literacy: A Narrative Review
CONCLUSIONS: The current state of the research literature makes it impossible to identify patterns of alcohol health literacy globally or even to compare intra-country studies across time. We recommend that a database of standard, validated questions for assessing knowledge about the relationship between alcohol and several key health outcomes be assembled and made available to the research community.PMID:34100699
Source: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs - June 8, 2021 Category: Addiction Authors: Eva Greenthal William DeJong Margie R Skeer Marisa M Tsai Susan Koch-Weser Source Type: research

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