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ATRA ameliorates fibrosis by suppressing the pro-fibrotic molecule Fra2/AP-1 in systemic sclerosis
In this study, the pro-fibrotic effect of Fra2 in SSc is confirmed. SSc dermal fibroblasts and bleomycin-induced fibrotic tissues of SSc animals exhibit increased levels of Fra2. Inhibition of Fra2 expression in SSc dermal fibroblasts with Fra2 siRNA markedly decreased collagen I expression. ATRA reduced the expressions of Fra2, collagen I, and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) in SSc dermal fibroblasts and bleomycin-induced fibrotic tissues of SSc mice. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that retinoic acid receptor RARα binds to the FRA2 promoter and modulates its transcriptio...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 18, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zixin Pi Jiani Liu Yangfan Xiao Xinglan He Ruixuan Zhu Rui Tang Xiangning Qiu Yi Zhan Zhuotong Zeng Yaqian Shi Rong Xiao Source Type: research

Investigation of the Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Diabetic Retinopathy
CONCLUSIONS: CEACAM1 might play a role in the pathology of PDR. CEACAM1 might be a therapeutic target for retinal neovasculariztion.PMID:37023410 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2023.2192272
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - April 6, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yuanqi Wang Junhui Shen Jianghua Hu Houfa Yin Zhiqing Chen Xiaoyun Fang Li Zhang Source Type: research

Decreased expression of TIPE2 in the eye under high-glucose conditions tested in vivo and in vitro
CONCLUSIONS: TIPE2 down-expressed and exerted anti-VEGF and anti-inflammatory function in the high-glucose environment. TIPE2 was verified to be involved in the process of DR and might be a potential regulator for DR development.PMID:33725633 | DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107517
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 16, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ling-Ge Suo Rui-Xi Qin Yan-Yan Cui Xue-Jiao Qin Source Type: research

P38 MAPK Signaling Mediates Retinoic Acid-Induced CD103 Expression in Human Dendritic Cells.
In this study, we analyzed the cell type specificity and the molecular mechanisms involved in RA-induced CD103 expression. We show that RA treatment caused a significant upregulation of CD103 in differentiated monocyte-derived DCs and blood DCs, but not in differentiated monocyte-derived macrophages or T cells. DC treatment with an RARα agonist lead to a similar increase in CD103 expression as RA treatment, while RARA gene silencing with siRNA blocked RA-induced upregulation of CD103, pointing to a major role of RARα in the regulation of CD103 expression. To elucidate RA-induced signaling downstream of RARα, we used Wes...
Source: Immunology - July 31, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Roe MM, Hashimi M, Swain S, Woo KM, Bimczok D Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Interactions With Natural Killer Cells and Pro-angiogenic Activities: Roles in Tumor Progression
Conclusions MDSC are major players in the immunosuppressive scenario in cancer, thanks to their phenotype heterogeneity and critical interaction with several innate immune cells, thus representing a crucial target in oncology. Here we reviewed the interactions of MDSCs with NK cells. The contribution of key cytokines, chemokines and mediators active in this process have been discussed. We also described the contribution of MDSC on angiogenesis directly or indirectly through interactions with NK and immunosuppressive activities. A parallel of the cancer associated to the decidual counterpart of these cells is discussed, a...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 17, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research