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Specialty: Endocrinology
Therapy: Stem Cell Therapy

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Total 18 results found since Jan 2013.

Reversal of dual epigenetic repression of non-canonical Wnt-5a normalises diabetic corneal epithelial wound healing and stem cells
Conclusions/interpretationWe provide the first account of epigenetic changes in diabetic corneas including dual inhibition ofWNT5A by DNA methylation and miRNA action. Overall, Wnt-5a is a new corneal epithelial wound healing stimulator that can be targeted to improve wound healing and stem cells in the diabetic cornea.Data availabilityThe DNA methylation dataset is available from the public GEO repository under accession no. GSE229328 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE229328).Graphical Abstract
Source: Diabetologia - September 3, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Laminin- α4 negatively regulates adipocyte beiging through the suppression of AMPKα in male mice
Endocrinology. 2022 Sep 19:bqac154. doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqac154. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLaminin-α4 (LAMA4) is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function. Prior research describes a role for LAMA4 in modulating adipocyte thermogenesis and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) expression in white adipose; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here, we describe that Lama4 knockout mice (Lama4-/-) exhibit heightened mitochondrial biogenesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) expression in subcutaneous white adipo...
Source: Endocrinology - September 20, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Anna Goddi Alanis Carmona Soo Young Park Gokhan Dalgin Maria A Gonzalez Porras Eric M Brey Ronald N Cohen Source Type: research

Renal oncometabolite L-2-hydroxyglutarate imposes a block in kidney tubulogenesis: Evidence for an epigenetic basis for the L-2HG-induced impairment of differentiation
In this report, the expression of the enzyme responsible for L2HG degradation, L-2HG dehydrogenase (L2HGDH), is knocked down, using lentiviral shRNA, as well as siRNA, in primary cultures of normal Renal Proximal Tubule (RPT) cells. The knockdown (KD) results in increased L-2HG levels, decreased demethylation of 5mC in genomic DNA, and increased methylation of H3 Histones. Consequences include reduced tubulogenesis by RPT cells in matrigel, and reduced expression of molecular markers of differentiation, including membrane transporters as well as HNF1α and HNF1β, which regulate their transcription. These results are consi...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - September 5, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Insight Into Mouse Models of Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an increase in the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland, and the most common cause of overproduction of thyroid hormones is Graves’ disease (GD). Long-term disease models of hyperthyroidism have been established. In general, methods to induce GD include transfection of fibroblasts, injecting plasmids or adenovirus containing thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) or TSHR subunit, and exogenous artificial thyroid hormone supplementation. Fortunately, in mouse studies, novel treatments for GD and Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) were discovered. It has been rep...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - June 22, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Role of the Ubiquitin Ligase RNF149 in the Development of Rat Neonatal Gonocytes
Male reproductive function depends on the formation of spermatogonial stem cells from their neonatal precursors, the gonocytes. Previously, we identified several UPS enzymes dynamically altered during gonocyte differentiation. The present work focuses on understanding the role of the RING finger protein 149 (RNF149), an E3 ligase that we found to be strongly expressed in gonocytes and downregulated in spermatogonia. The quantification of RNF149 mRNA from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 35 (puberty) in rat testis, brain, liver, kidney, and heart indicated that its highest levels are found in the testis. RNF149 knock-down in PND3 r...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - May 13, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Mechanisms of OCT4 on 3,5,3'-tri-iodothyronine and FSH-induced granulosa cell development in female mice
Endocrinology. 2021 Aug 31:bqab183. doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqab183. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOctamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) regulates the pluripotency of stem cells and also plays important roles in granulosa cells growth, which is regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Thyroid hormone (TH) is important for the development and maturation of follicles and the maintenance of various endocrine functions. Although 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) enhances the effects of FSH on the regulation of the growth of granulosa cells and development of follicles, it is unclear whether and how TH combines with FSH ...
Source: Endocrinology - August 31, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Qiaozhi Wang Yilin Yao Xiaoshu Ma Baoqiang Fu Ningxin Li Cheng Zhang Source Type: research

An RNAi screening of clinically relevant transcription factors regulating human adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism
CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive RNAi screening in hASC suggests that a large proportion of WAT TFs that are impacted by metabolic conditions might be important for hyperplastic adipose tissue expansion. The screen also identified JARID2 as a novel TF essential for the development of functional adipocytes.PMID:33963396 | DOI:10.1210/endocr/bqab096
Source: Endocrinology - May 8, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Christel Bj örk Narmadha Subramanian Jianping Liu Juan Ramon Acosta Beatriz Tavira Anders B Eriksson Peter Arner Jurga Laurencikiene Source Type: research

Adipose TBX1 Regulates β-Adrenergic Sensitivity in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Thermogenic Capacity In Vivo
Conclusions: Adipose expression of TBX1 is necessary, but not sufficient, to defend body temperature during cold via proper UCP1 expression. Adipose TBX1 expression was also required for proper insulin signaling in subcutaneous adipose as well as maintaining β-adrenergic sensitivity but overexpression of TBX1 was not sufficient to induce adipocyte beiging or prevent diet induced obesity. TBX1 expression is enriched in adipose stem cells in which it has contrasting effects on adipogenesis in mouse versus human cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate the importance of adipose TBX1 in the regulation of beige adipocyte fu...
Source: Molecular Metabolism - February 19, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Epigenetic Regulation of Diabetogenic Adipose Morphology
ConclusionCpG methylation could be influential in determining adipose morphology and thereby constitute a novel antidiabetic target. We identified C14orf180 as a novel regulator of adipocyte lipid storage and possibly differentiation.
Source: Molecular Metabolism - April 18, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The JAK/STAT3 and NF- κB signaling pathways regulate cancer stem cell properties in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells.
Conclusions:</b> These results suggest that JAK/STAT3 and NF-κB signals play important roles in ATC-CSCs. Targeting these signaling pathways may be a promising approach to treat ATC. PMID: 30784360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association - February 21, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Thyroid Source Type: research

White-to-brite conversion in human adipocytes promotes metabolic reprogramming towards fatty acid anabolic and catabolic pathways
Conclusions Conversion of human white fat cells into brite adipocytes results in a major metabolic reprogramming inducing fatty acid anabolic and catabolic pathways. PDK4 redirects glucose from oxidation towards triglyceride synthesis and favours the use of fatty acids as energy source for uncoupling mitochondria. Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - March 18, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research