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Total 42 results found since Jan 2013.

Silencing of CCR2 in myocarditis
Conclusion This study highlights the importance of CCR2 in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. In addition, we show that siCCR2 affects leucocyte progenitor trafficking. The data also point to a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of myocarditis.
Source: European Heart Journal - June 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Leuschner, F., Courties, G., Dutta, P., Mortensen, L. J., Gorbatov, R., Sena, B., Novobrantseva, T. I., Borodovsky, A., Fitzgerald, K., Koteliansky, V., Iwamoto, Y., Bohlender, M., Meyer, S., Lasitschka, F., Meder, B., Katus, H. A., Lin, C., Libby, P., Sw Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Protective effects of thrombomodulin on microvascular permeability after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mouse model
Publication date: 23 July 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 299 Author(s): T. Xu , W.-G. Zhang , J. Sun , Y. Zhang , J.-F. Lu , H.-B. Han , C.-M. Zhou , J.-H. Yan The enhanced vascular permeability is a major early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, its mechanism is not clear yet. In this work, we explored its potential mechanism and investigated the roles of thrombomodulin (TM) in maintaining microvascular integrity after SAH. SAH models were established in adult male ICR mice (28–32g) by endovascular perforation. TM was immediately administered by femoral vein injection following SAH. The b...
Source: Neuroscience - May 16, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Functional Assays for Specific Targeting and Delivery of RNA Nanoparticles to Brain Tumor
Cumulative progress in nanoparticle development has opened a new era of targeted delivery of therapeutics to cancer cells and tissue. However, developing proper detection methods has lagged behind resulting in the lack of precise evaluation and monitoring of the systemically administered nanoparticles. RNA nanoparticles derived from the bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor pRNA have emerged as a new generation of drugs for cancer therapy. Multifunctional RNA nanoparticles can be fabricated by bottom-up self-assembly of engineered RNA fragments harboring targeting (RNA aptamer or chemical ligand), therapeutic (siRNA, miR...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Biotechnology - April 25, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: news

Aquaporin‐4 knockdown ameliorates hypoxic‐ischemic cerebral edema in newborn piglets
This study aimed to understand the physiological role of AQP4 in hypoxia–ischemia‐mediated cytotoxic brain edema. We specifically knocked down AQP4 expression by intracerebral injection of a plasmid containing AQP4 siRNA into a neonatal piglet model. The success of the hypoxia–ischemia‐induced piglet model was confirmed by conventional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging. AQP4 knockdown led to reduced brain edema accompanied by a higher apparent diffusion coefficient value, compared to the control group injected with a plasmid containing scrambled siRNA. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction...
Source: IUBMB Life - January 1, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Chao Yang, Zhengjuan Liu, Hongjie Li, Fangbing Zhai, Jing Liu, Jie Bian Tags: Research Communication Source Type: research

Genetic deletion of neuronal pentraxin 1 expression prevents brain injury in a neonatal mouse model of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.
Abstract Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in infants and children for which there is no promising therapy at present. Previously, we reported induction of neuronal pentraxin 1 (NP1), a novel neuronal protein of the long-pentraxin family, following HI injury in neonatal brain. Here, we report that genetic deletion of NP1 expression prevents HI injury in neonatal brain. Elevated expression of NP1 was observed in neurons, not in astrocytes, of the ipsilateral cortical layers (I-IV) and in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas of WT brains following hypoxia-ischemia...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - December 29, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Thatipamula S, Rahim MA, Zhang J, Hossain MA Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

First-in-Human Phase I Study of the Liposomal RNA Interference Therapeutic Atu027 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors Phase I and Clinical Pharmacology
Conclusion Atu027 was safe in patients with advanced solid tumors, with 41% of patients having stable disease for at least 8 weeks. In view of these results, further clinical trials have been initiated, and sFLT1 will be investigated as a potential biomarker.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - December 17, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Schultheis, Strumberg, Santel, Vank, Gebhardt, Keil, Lange, Giese, Kaufmann, Khan, Drevs Tags: Clinical Trials, Phase I and Clinical Pharmacology, Phase I and Clinical Pharmacology Source Type: research

Modelling the response surface to predict the hydrodynamic diameters of theranostic magnetic siRNA nanovectors
Publication date: 15 January 2015 Source:International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Volume 478, Issue 1 Author(s): Stephanie David , Hervé Marchais , Didier Bedin , Igor Chourpa Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) appear to be a promising tool to treat various human diseases, such as cancer via the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism. Since the systemic administration of siRNAs is limited by their capacity to attain the site of action, novel delivery systems are needed. Previously, we reported the formulation of magnetic siRNA nanovectors (MSN) using electrostatic assembly of the following components: (1) functionalized superpar...
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - December 7, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Abstract 4459: Characterization of a novel magnetic nanoparticles formulation for cancer therapeutic applications
We have successfully engineered a magnetic nanoparticles (MAG-NPs) formulation using a multi-layer approach which can be used for drug/gene/biomolecule delivery, hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications in cancer therapeutics. Overcoming nanoparticles clearance by the immune system remains a major challenge. This formulation is designed to provide an additional surface layer as molecular “authentication” that the body does not recognize as foreign material. The interaction between the surface of nanoparticles and plasma proteins leads to nanoparticle-protein complex which determines the rational ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yallapu, M. M., Chauhan, N., Othman, S. F., Khalilzad-Sharghi, V., Jaggi, M., Chauhan, S. C. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research

Combination Treatment with Theranostic Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Sensitization to TMZ
Conclusions While our results demonstrate that siRNA delivery by targeted nanoparticles resulted in modulating tumor response to chemotherapy in GBM, they also point to a significant contribution of CTX to tumor cell death.
Source: Molecular Imaging and Biology - September 26, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

In Vivo Silencing of the Transcription Factor IRF5 Reprograms the Macrophage Phenotype and Improves Infarct Healing
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to test whether silencing of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in cardiac macrophages improves infarct healing and attenuates post–myocardial infarction (MI) remodeling.BackgroundIn healing wounds, the M1 toward M2 macrophage phenotype transition supports resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. Persistence of inflammatory M1 macrophages may derail healing and compromise organ functions. The transcription factor IRF5 up-regulates genes associated with M1 macrophages.MethodsHere we used nanoparticle-delivered small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) ...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Imaging - April 14, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles mediated 131I-hVEGF siRNA inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth in nude mice
Conclusions: EMF-guided 131I-hVEGF siRNA/SilenceMag exhibited an antitumor effect. The synergic therapy of 131I-hVEGF siRNA/SilenceMag might be a promising future treatment option against HCC with the dual functional properties of tumor therapy and imaging.
Source: BMC Cancer - February 21, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jing ChenShu ZhuLiangqian TongJiansha LiFei ChenYunfeng HanMing ZhaoWei Xiong Source Type: research

Caspase 3 Silencing Inhibits Biomechanical Overload-Induced Intervertebral Disk Degeneration.
Abstract Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration causes debilitating low back pain in much of the worldwide population. No efficient treatment exists because of an unclear pathogenesis. One characteristic event early in such degeneration is the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells embedded in IVDs. Excessive biomechanical loading may also be a major etiology of IVD degeneration. The present study used in vitro and in vivo models of compressive loading to elucidate the underlying mechanism of IVD degeneration. In addition, we investigated whether the inhibition of apoptosis is a potential clinical therapeutic ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - January 2, 2014 Category: Pathology Authors: Yamada K, Sudo H, Iwasaki K, Sasaki N, Higashi H, Kameda Y, Ito M, Takahata M, Abumi K, Minami A, Iwasaki N Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research