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Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 1402: Interaction of Nucleolin with the Fusion Protein of Avian Metapneumovirus Subgroup C Contributes to Viral Replication
In this study, we found that aMPV/C infection altered the subcellular localization of NCL in cultured cells. siRNA-targeted NCL resulted in a remarkable decline in aMPV/C replication in Vero cells. DF-1 cells showed a similar response after CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out of NCL during aMPV/C infection. Conversely, NCL overexpression significantly increased aMPV/C replication. Pretreatment with AS1411-a aptamer, a guanine (G)-rich oligonucleotide that forms four-stranded structures and competitively binding to NCL, decreased aMPV/C replication and viral titers in cultured cells. Additionally, we found that the aMPV/C fusion...
Source: Viruses - June 27, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Wang Hou Zhu Yang Zhou Cui Guo Feng Liu Tags: Article Source Type: research

To accelerate the Zika beat: candidate design for RNA interference-based therapy.
Abstract Zika virus infection is associated with the development of severe neurological disorders in adults and newborns. Although at the moment Zika virus outbreak is not threatening to become again an emergency, infection cases are still being sporadically reported and there is still no effective therapy available. A possible treatment to suppress Zika replication is represented by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), since they have been successfully used even against Ebola, H5N1 and SARS viruses and clinical trials of siRNA-based drugs are ongoing. In order to speed up the time consuming experimental validation of...
Source: Virus Research - July 18, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Giulietti M, Righetti A, Cianfruglia L, Šabanović B, Armeni T, Principato G, Piva F Tags: Virus Res Source Type: research

The PA-interacting host protein nucleolin acts as an antiviral factor during highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus infection
In this study, we further explored the role of NCL during highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus infection. We found that depletion of endogenous NCL in mammalian cells by siRNA targeting during H5N1 infection resulted in significantly increased viral polymerase activity, elevated viral mRNA, cRNA and vRNA synthesis, accelerated viral replication, and enhanced apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, siRNA silencing of NCL significantly exacerbated the inflammatory response, resulting in increased secretion of IL-6, TNF- α, TNF-β, CCL-4, CCL-8, IFN-α, IFN-β and IFN-γ. Conversely, overexpression of NCL significantly dec...
Source: Archives of Virology - July 5, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Hemagglutinin of influenza A virus binds specifically to cell surface nucleolin and plays a role in virus internalization.
Abstract The hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza A virus initiates cell entry by binding to sialic acids on target cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that in addition to sialic acids, influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N1 (PR8) virus HA specifically binds to cell surface nucleolin (NCL). The interaction between HA and NCL was initially revealed with virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) and subsequently verified with co-immunoprecipitation. Importantly, inhibiting cell surface NCL with NCL antibody, blocking PR8 viruses with purified NCL protein, or depleting endogenous NCL with siRNA all substanti...
Source: Virology - April 12, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Chan CM, Chu H, Zhang AJ, Leung LH, Sze KH, Kao RY, Chik KK, To KK, Chan JF, Chen H, Jin DY, Liu L, Yuen KY Tags: Virology Source Type: research

A critical role of LAMP-1 in avian reovirus P10 degradation associated with inhibition of apoptosis and virus release
We report here the identification of cellular lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) as an interaction partner of p10 by yeast two-hybrid screening, immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy assays. We found that rapid degradation of p10 was associated with ubiquitination. Importantly, ARV p10 degradation in host cells could be completely abolished by knockdown of LAMP-1 by siRNA, indicating that LAMP-1 is required for ARV p10 degradation in host cells. In contrast, overexpression of LAMP-1 facilitated p10 degradation. Furthermore, knockdown of LAMP-1 allowed p10 accumulation, enhancing p10-induced apoptosis and...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 7, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Expression of a single siRNA against a conserved region of NP gene strongly inhibits in vitro replication of different Influenza A virus strains of avian and swine origin
In conclusion, these findings reveal new siRNA sequences able to inhibit Influenza A virus replication and provide a basis for the development of siRNAs as prophylaxis and therapy for influenza infection both in humans and animals.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - May 17, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Expression of a single siRNA against a conserved region of NP gene strongly inhibits in vitro replication of different Influenza A virus strains of avian and swine origin.
In conclusion, these findings reveal new siRNA sequences able to inhibit Influenza A virus replication and provide a basis for the development of siRNAs as prophylaxis and therapy for influenza infection both in humans and animals. PMID: 25986248 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Antiviral Research - May 16, 2015 Category: Virology Authors: Stoppani E, Bassi I, Dotti S, Lizier M, Ferrari M, Lucchini F Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Critical role of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (EEF1A1) in avian reovirus sigma-C-induced apoptosis and inhibition of viral growth
We report here the identification of eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (EEF1A1) as the interacting partner of σC. We found that σC-induced apoptosis in DF-1 cells could be completely abolished by knockdown of EEF1A1 by siRNA. Furthermore, knockdown of EEF1A1 markedly reduced ARV-induced apoptosis associated with decreased caspase-9 and -3 activation and cytochrome C release, leading to increased ARV growth in host cells. Thus, EEF1A1 plays a critical role in σC-induced apoptosis and inhibition of viral growth.
Source: Archives of Virology - April 10, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Combination of specific single chain antibody variable fragment and siRNA has a synergistic inhibitory effect on the propagation of avian influenza virus H5N1 in chicken cells
Conclusions: A novel combination of antiviral siRNAs expressed in chicken cells and chicken antibody single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) secreted from the cells has a synergistic inhibitory effect on the avian influenza viral proliferation in vitro. Intracellular application of scFvs and anti-viral siRNA may provide a new approach to influenza prevention and treatment.
Source: Virology Journal - November 29, 2014 Category: Virology Authors: Shuang WangPeng ZhangFei HeJi-Gui WangJia-Zeng SunZhi-Li LiBao YiJi XiYa-Ping MaoQiang HouDao-Li YuanZi-Ding ZhangWei-Quan Liu Source Type: research