• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

To accelerate the Zika beat: candidate design for RNA interference-based therapy.
Abstract Zika virus infection is associated with the development of severe neurological disorders in adults and newborns. Although at the moment Zika virus outbreak is not threatening to become again an emergency, infection cases are still being sporadically reported and there is still no effective therapy available. A possible treatment to suppress Zika replication is represented by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), since they have been successfully used even against Ebola, H5N1 and SARS viruses and clinical trials of siRNA-based drugs are ongoing. In order to speed up the time consuming experimental validation of...
Source: Virus Research - July 18, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Giulietti M, Righetti A, Cianfruglia L, Šabanović B, Armeni T, Principato G, Piva F Tags: Virus Res Source Type: research

The PA-interacting host protein nucleolin acts as an antiviral factor during highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus infection
In this study, we further explored the role of NCL during highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus infection. We found that depletion of endogenous NCL in mammalian cells by siRNA targeting during H5N1 infection resulted in significantly increased viral polymerase activity, elevated viral mRNA, cRNA and vRNA synthesis, accelerated viral replication, and enhanced apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, siRNA silencing of NCL significantly exacerbated the inflammatory response, resulting in increased secretion of IL-6, TNF- α, TNF-β, CCL-4, CCL-8, IFN-α, IFN-β and IFN-γ. Conversely, overexpression of NCL significantly dec...
Source: Archives of Virology - July 5, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Hemagglutinin of influenza A virus binds specifically to cell surface nucleolin and plays a role in virus internalization.
Abstract The hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza A virus initiates cell entry by binding to sialic acids on target cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that in addition to sialic acids, influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H1N1 (PR8) virus HA specifically binds to cell surface nucleolin (NCL). The interaction between HA and NCL was initially revealed with virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) and subsequently verified with co-immunoprecipitation. Importantly, inhibiting cell surface NCL with NCL antibody, blocking PR8 viruses with purified NCL protein, or depleting endogenous NCL with siRNA all substanti...
Source: Virology - April 12, 2016 Category: Virology Authors: Chan CM, Chu H, Zhang AJ, Leung LH, Sze KH, Kao RY, Chik KK, To KK, Chan JF, Chen H, Jin DY, Liu L, Yuen KY Tags: Virology Source Type: research

Targeting host calpain proteases decreases influenza A virus infection
Influenza A viruses (IAV) trigger contagious acute respiratory diseases. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IAV pathogenesis and host immune responses is required for the development of more efficient treatments of severe influenza. Calpains are intracellular proteases that participate in diverse cellular responses, including inflammation. Here, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches to investigate the role of calpain signaling in IAV pathogenesis. Calpain expression and activity were found altered in IAV-infected bronchial epithelial cells. With the use of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) gene silencing, ...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - March 31, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Blanc, F., Furio, L., Moisy, D., Yen, H.-L., Chignard, M., Letavernier, E., Naffakh, N., Mok, C. K. P., Si-Tahar, M. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Targeting host calpain proteases decreases influenza A virus infection.
Abstract Influenza A viruses (IAV) trigger contagious acute respiratory diseases. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IAV pathogenesis and host immune responses is required for the development of more efficient treatments of severe influenza. Calpains are intracellular proteases that participate to diverse cellular responses, including inflammation. Here, we used in vitro and in vivo approaches to investigate the role of calpains signalling in IAV pathogenesis. Calpain expression and activity were found altered in IAV-infected bronchial epithelial cells. Using siRNA gene silencing, specific synth...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - January 8, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Blanc F, Furio L, Moisy D, Yen HL, Chignard M, Letavernier E, Naffakh N, Mok CK, Si-Tahar M Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

siRNAs targeting PB2 and NP genes potentially inhibit replication of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus.
In this study, we have designed three siRNAs (PB2-2235, PB2-479 and NP-865) targeting PB2 and NP genes of avian influenza virus and evaluated their potential, measured by hemagglutination (HA), plaque reduction and Real time RT-PCR assay, in inhibiting H5N1 virus (A/chicken/Navapur/7972/2006) replication in MDCK cells. The siRNAs caused 8- to 16-fold reduction in virus HA titers at 24 h after challenged with 100TCID50 of virus. Among these siRNAs, PB2-2235 offered the highest inhibition of virus replication with 16-fold reduction in virus HA titer, 80 percent reduction in viral plaque counts and 94 percent inhibition in ex...
Source: Journal of Biosciences - May 16, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Behera P, Nagarajan S, Murugkar HV, Kalaiyarasu S, Prakash A, Gothalwal R, Dubey SC, Kulkarni DD, Tosh C Tags: J Biosci Source Type: research

Combination of specific single chain antibody variable fragment and siRNA has a synergistic inhibitory effect on the propagation of avian influenza virus H5N1 in chicken cells
Conclusions: A novel combination of antiviral siRNAs expressed in chicken cells and chicken antibody single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) secreted from the cells has a synergistic inhibitory effect on the avian influenza viral proliferation in vitro. Intracellular application of scFvs and anti-viral siRNA may provide a new approach to influenza prevention and treatment.
Source: Virology Journal - November 29, 2014 Category: Virology Authors: Shuang WangPeng ZhangFei HeJi-Gui WangJia-Zeng SunZhi-Li LiBao YiJi XiYa-Ping MaoQiang HouDao-Li YuanZi-Ding ZhangWei-Quan Liu Source Type: research

Targeted siRNA-immunoliposomes as a promising therapeutic agent against highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection.
This study describes a proof of concept study on the use of siRNA-immunoliposomes as a therapeutic agent against H5N1 influenza virus infection. SiRNA specific for influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) mRNA was employed as the key antiviral agent to inhibit viral replication in this study. A humanized single-chain Fv antibody (huscFv) against the hemagglutinin (HA) of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was used as the targeting molecule to HA of H5N1 virus, which is abundantly expressed on the surface of infected cells. The huscFv was decorated onto cationic PEGylated DC-Chol/DOPE liposomes to generate immunoliposo...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - March 10, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Khantasup K, Kopermsub P, Chaichoun K, Dharakul T Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research

Autophagy mediates avian influenza H5N1 pseudotyped particle-induced lung inflammation through NF-{kappa}B and p38 MAPK signaling pathways
Since avian influenza virus H5N1-induced hypercytokemia plays a key role in acute lung injury, understanding its molecular mechanism is highly desirable for discovering therapeutic targets against H5N1 infection. In the present study, we investigated the role of autophagy in H5N1-induced lung inflammation by using H5N1 pseudotyped viral particles (H5N1pps). The results showed that H5N1pps significantly induced autophagy both in A549 human lung epithelial cells and in mouse lung tissues, which was primarily due to hemagglutinin (HA) of H5N1 virus. Blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) or siRNA kno...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - January 15, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pan, H., Zhang, Y., Luo, Z., Li, P., Liu, L., Wang, C., Wang, H., Li, H., Ma, Y. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Autophagy mediates avian influenza H5N1 pseudotyped particle-induced lung inflammation through NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
Abstract Since avian influenza virus H5N1-induced hypercytokemia plays a key role in acute lung injury, understanding its molecular mechanism is highly desirable for discovering therapeutic targets against H5N1 infection. In the present study, we investigated the role of autophagy in H5N1-induced lung inflammation by using H5N1 hemagglutinin pseudotyped viral particles (H5N1pps). The results showed that H5N1pps significantly induced autophagy both in A549 human lung epithelial cells and in mouse lung tissues, which was primarily due to hemagglutinin (HA) of H5N1 virus. Blocking autophagy with 3-MA (an autophagy in...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - November 15, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pan H, Zhang Y, Luo Z, Li P, Liu L, Wang C, Wang H, Li H, Ma Y Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research