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Spermidine protects intestinal mucosal barrier function in mice colitis via the AhR/Nrf2 and AhR/STAT3 signaling pathways
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that spermidine rescues intestinal barrier defects in mice with colitis via the AhR-Nrf2 and AhR-STAT3 pathways, providing a potential therapeutic agent for IBD and other conditions associated with dysregulated gut barrier function.PMID:37104918 | DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110166
Source: International Immunopharmacology - April 27, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Bing Yan Xinjie Mao Shasha Hu Shimin Wang Xiaochen Liu Jing Sun Source Type: research

In  vivo CRISPR screening identifies BAZ2 chromatin remodelers as druggable regulators of mammalian liver regeneration
Cell Stem Cell. 2022 Jan 24:S1934-5909(22)00001-7. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.01.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIdentifying new pathways that regulate mammalian regeneration is challenging due to the paucity of in vivo screening approaches. We employed pooled CRISPR knockout and activation screening in the regenerating liver to evaluate 165 chromatin regulatory proteins. Both screens identified the imitation-SWI chromatin remodeling components Baz2a and Baz2b, not previously implicated in regeneration. In vivo sgRNA, siRNA, and knockout strategies against either paralog confirmed increased regeneration. Distinct BAZ2-spe...
Source: Cell Stem Cell - January 29, 2022 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yuemeng Jia Lin Li Yu-Hsuan Lin Purva Gopal Shunli Shen Kejin Zhou Xueliang Yu Tripti Sharma Yu Zhang Daniel J Siegwart Joseph M Ready Hao Zhu Source Type: research

Heat shock transcription factor 2 predicts mucosal healing and promotes mucosal repair of ulcerative colitis.
Conclusions: HSF2 may be a predictor of MH in UC patients. HSF2 inhibited inflammation and promoted mucosal repair. PMID: 32538201 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology - June 18, 2020 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Scand J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Auranofin, an Anti-rheumatic Gold Drug, Aggravates the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injury in Mice
Conclusion In this study, we found that a non-toxic dose of auranofin significantly aggravated the severity of the radiation-induced intestinal injury. This suggests that auranofin treatment can be an independent factor that influences the risk of intestinal complications after pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy. Ethics Statement All the protocols used in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korean Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (IACUC permit number: KIRAMS217-0007). Author Contributions H-JL, JS, and Y-BL designed the experiments. EL and JK conducted the exp...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Oligonucleotides —A Novel Promising Therapeutic Option for IBD
Conclusions In this review, we focused on recent and past approaches to test the therapeutic efficacy of oligonucleotide based therapies in IBD. The combining mechanistic mode of oligonucleotide based therapeutics is a targeted action on specific pro-inflammatory molecules, which are over activated in IBD patients and contribute significantly to disease pathogenesis. The proposed high selectivity of the agents is derived from its mode of action, that aims to specifically block certain inflammatory molecular patterns, without a general systemic effect on other molecular targets. It would be important for each oligonucleot...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Oligomeric S100A4 Is Associated With Monocyte Innate Immune Memory and Bypass of Tolerance to Subsequent Stimulation With Lipopolysaccharides
Conclusion: Bypass of tolerance by DAMPs might be a phenomenon as important as TI, since it could explain how chronic inflammation can be maintained in spite of an environment with multiple TLR2/TLR4-ligands. In RA monocytes, a PRDM8-dependent TI mechanism could be responsible for sustained chemokine/cytokines levels. Introduction Monocytes and macrophages play a central role in the pathophysiology of inflammation. For instance, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), activated monocytes massively infiltrate synovial tissues and produce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) (1–3). Accordingly, therapies aime...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 14, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research