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Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 811 results found since Jan 2013.

Food allergy trends at the crossing among socio-economics, history and geography
Purpose of review The epidemiology of food allergy did inspire theories on the reasons for the recent surge of the disease. We offer here a reasoned review on the relationships between the trajectories of human development and the trend of the food allergy epidemics. Recent findings The exponential trend of the frequency of food allergy paralleled the explosive acceleration of the human development over the last few decades. Dietary factors have been indicated as responsible for these trends and targeted for potential preventive strategies. Other socio-economic factors have been related to this evolution: solar exposu...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - April 26, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: FOOD ALLERGY: Edited by Alessandro Fiocchi and Motohiro Ebisawa Source Type: research

Food Allergy in South Africa
This article summarizes some of the recent research and observations regarding food allergy from the South African setting.Recent FindingsSouth Africa has recently seen two important food allergy prevalence studies in selected and unselected populations. Both show allergy rates in keeping with those in several westernized countries. The major difference between sensitization and allergy rates in these studies emphasizes the vital role of the food challenge in differentiating true food allergy from asymptomatic sensitisation in equivocal cases. Eczema, young age and living in an urban population are important risk factors f...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - May 3, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Epidemiological link between wheat allergy and exposure to hydrolyzed wheat protein in facial soap
ConclusionsAn epidemiological relationship between wheat allergy and contact exposure to HWP has been documented. This study implicates a possible role of contact exposure to food‐derived protein hydrolysates as a risk factor for the development of food allergy manifesting itself as anaphylaxis.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Allergy - July 8, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yuma Fukutomi, Masami Taniguchi, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Kazuo Akiyama Tags: Original Article: Anaphylaxis Source Type: research

Epidemiology of food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis: is there really a Western world epidemic?
Purpose of review: Food-induced anaphylaxis continues to be an important cause of hospital admissions, particularly in children. This review outlines recent advances in understanding the epidemiology of IgE-mediated food allergy and potential mechanisms for its rise in prevalence. Recent findings: The rise in food allergy prevalence in Western countries has happened more quickly than changes to the genome can occur; thus, environmental changes are likely to be important. Recent studies, however, suggest that genetic risk determines responses to environmental risk factors. Environmental peanut exposure has been associated w...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: GENETICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: Edited by Isabella Annesi-Maesano and Antonella Cianferoni Source Type: research

Allergy prevention by breastfeeding: possible mechanisms and evidence from human cohorts
Purpose of review: Allergy is a modern disease which does not seem to benefit from breast milk preventive effects. We propose that maternal milk composition has not adapted to the needs of allergy prevention because of the recent and rapid increase of allergy. Modulation of breast milk composition may be the best strategy to counteract allergy development. We will review recent advances in understanding of allergy physiopathology and how breast milk factors may be specifically appropriate to interfere with allergy development in early life. Recent findings: There is strong evidence both from rodent and human studies that ...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - September 2, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: GENETICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: Edited by Isabella Annesi-Maesano and Antonella Cianferoni Source Type: research

The role of the gut microbiota in food allergy
Purpose of review: The rise in the prevalence of food allergy over the past decades has focused attention of factors that may impact disease development, most notably the gut microbiota. The gut microbial communities play a crucial role in promoting oral tolerance. Their alteration by such factors as Cesarean section delivery, diet and antibiotics may influence disease development. This review highlights recent progress in our understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in the development of food allergy. Recent findings: Food allergy is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota or dysbiosis early in life that...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - November 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND RELATED DISORDERS: Edited by Talal Chatila Source Type: research

Hunt for the origin of allergy – comparing the Finnish and Russian Karelia
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Source: Clinical and Experimental Allergy - March 13, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tari Haahtela, Tiina Laatikainen, Harri Alenius, Petri Auvinen, Nanna Fyhrquist, Ilkka Hanski, Leena Hertzen, Pekka Jousilahti, Timo U. Kosunen, Olga Markelova, Mika J. Mäkelä, Vladimir Pantelejev, Mihail Uhanov, Elmira Zilber, Erkki Vartiainen Tags: Opinion or Debate Source Type: research

Prevention of food allergy: can we stop the rise of IgE mediated food allergies?
Purpose of review Food allergy has become more prevalent in recent decades. Without a curative treatment for food allergy, prevention is key. Can we intervene and halt the food allergy epidemic? Recent findings There are three main hypotheses to explain the rise in food allergy: the dual-allergen exposure hypothesis, the hygiene hypothesis and the vitamin D hypothesis. In a recent systematic review of randomized controlled trials, only introduction of allergenic foods, namely egg and peanut, in the diet at the time of weaning and avoidance of temporary supplementation with cow's milk formula in the first few day...
Source: Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology - March 3, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: GENETICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: Edited by Isabella Annesi-Maesano and Antonella Cianferoni Source Type: research

Pediatric allergy and immunology in Brazil
Abstract The subspecialty of pediatric allergy and immunology in Brazil is in its early years and progressing steadily. This review highlights the research developed in the past years aiming to show the characteristics of allergic and immunologic diseases in this vast country. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated the high prevalence of asthma in infants, children, and adolescents. Mortality rates and average annual variation of asthma hospitalization have reduced in all pediatric age groups. Indoor aeroallergen exposure is excessively high and contributes to the high rates of allergy sensitization. Prevalence of food allergy...
Source: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - April 11, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Nelson A. Rosario‐Filho, Cristina M. Jacob, Dirceu Sole, Antonio Condino‐Neto, Luisa K. Arruda, Beatriz Costa‐Carvalho, Renata R. Cocco, Inês Camelo‐Nunes, Herberto J. Chong‐Neto, Gustavo F. Wandalsen, Ana P. M. Castro, Ariana C. Yang, Antonio Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

European Symposium on Precision Medicine in Allergy and Airways Diseases: Report of the European Union Parliament Symposium (October 14, 2015)
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Allergy - December 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: A. Muraro, W.J. Fokkens, S. Pietikainen, D. Borrelli, I. Agache, J. Bousquet, V. Costigliola, G. Joos, V.J. Lund, L. K. Poulsen, D. Price, C. Rolland, T. Zuberbier, P.W. Hellings Tags: News and Commentaries Source Type: research

Food Allergy in childhood: phenotypes, prevention and treatment
Abstract The prevalence of food allergy in childhood increased in the last decades, especially in Westernized countries where this phenomenon has been indicated as a second wave of the allergic epidemic. In parallel, scientific interest also increased with the effort to explain the reasons of this sudden rise and to identify potential protective and risk factors. A great attention has been focused on early exposures to allergenic foods, as well as on other nutritional factors or supplements that may influence the immune system in a positive direction. Both interventions on maternal diet before birth or during breastfeeding...
Source: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - December 28, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Silvia Sánchez‐García, Francesca Cipriani, Giampaolo Ricci Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Coated microneedle-based cutaneous immunotherapy prevents Der p 1 –induced airway allergy in mice
Allergies are increasing worldwide, and millions of persons are struggling against a host of airway allergens.1 Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the primary approach to cure allergies. However, allergen-specific immunotherapy is performed only after allergy symptoms have manifested in patients. A  true mode of allergy vaccination in the form of “preventive immunotherapy” like that of infectious disease vaccination could be used to stop the allergy epidemic. Prevention of allergy onset in healthy subjects is called “primary prevention,” and prevention in subjects who are already sens itized but have yet to develo...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 29, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Akhilesh Kumar Shakya, Chang Hyun Lee, Harvinder Singh Gill Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Primary Prevention of Allergy - Is It Feasible?
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2023 Jul;15(4):419-436. doi: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.4.419.ABSTRACTThe allergy epidemic has been attributed to environmental influences related to urbanization and the modern lifestyle. In this regard, various theories exploring the role of microbes (hygiene, old friends, microbiota, and biodiversity hypotheses), and the epithelial barrier (epithelial, dual allergen exposure and vitamin D hypotheses) have been proposed. These hypotheses have guided clinical studies that led to the formulation of intervention strategies during the proposed window of opportunity dubbed as the "first thousand days." T...
Source: Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Research - July 20, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Pauline Poh-Lin Chan Ng Elizabeth Huiwen Tham Bee-Wah Lee Source Type: research