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News at a glance: ‘Cherry-picked’ vaccine guidance, AI-written papers, and an apology for prisoner research
ENVIRONMENT Utah’s Great Salt Lake may dry up within 5 years North America’s largest saline lake could be gone by 2028 if water inflows are not restored, researchers warned last week. The Great Salt Lake in Utah has lost nearly three-quarters of its water and 60% of its surface area since 1950, a report from 32 scientists at multiple institutions concludes, and a recent drought has accelerated the losses. To restore the lake, farmers, homeowners, and others will need to reduce the amount of water they take from feeder streams by 30% to 50% . If they don’t, the continent could lose a key habitat ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - January 12, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Is Our Academic System Ready for a New Coronavirus Normal?
Credit: Pîxabay.By Esther Ngumbi and Brian LovettILLINOIS, United States, Mar 11 2020 (IPS) Institutions of higher education have a responsibility to lead by example and to provide current, high-quality information to the people and communities that support them. This responsibility is no clearer than during a public health and information crisis like the one presented by this novel coronavirus. State and local governments in particular should be able to rely on Universities for guidance on protective evidence-based precautionary measures, whether it’s cancelling events, closing schools or formulating public health post...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - March 11, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Esther Ngumbi and Brian Lovett Tags: Education Featured Global Headlines Health TerraViva United Nations Coronavirus Source Type: news

The Transcriptome of the Salivary Glands of Amblyomma aureolatum Reveals the Antimicrobial Peptide Microplusin as an Important Factor for the Tick Protection Against Rickettsia rickettsii Infection
Conclusion In conclusion, our data show that R. rickettsii exerts a modulatory effect on the transcriptional profile the SG of A. aureolatum. Moreover, RNAi experiments demonstrated that the knockdown of one microplusin increases the susceptibility of ticks to infection, suggesting that this is one important factor for the control of R. rickettsii. The functional characterization of the additional CDSs modulated by infection is warranted and might reveal other factors that interfere with the acquisition and/or transmission of this tick-borne pathogen. Ethics Statement All procedures involving vertebrate animals were car...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 2, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Amino Acid Utilization May Explain Why Bemisia tabaci Q and B Differ in Their Performance on Plants Infected by the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
Discussion Research has shown that vectored viruses can alter host plant phenotypes so as to change interactions with other organisms, including interactions between plants, viruses, and insect vectors of viruses (Mauck et al., 2012, 2018; Casteel and Falk, 2016; Eigenbrode and Bosque-Perez, 2016; Mauck, 2016). Insect-vectored viruses can alter many host plant factors, including odors, induced defenses, visual and tactile characteristics, sugars, free amino acids, and secondary metabolites (Bosque-Perez and Eigenbrode, 2011; Casteel et al., 2014; Mauck et al., 2014a,b). In our study, TYLCV significantly altered the free a...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 30, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Expanding Research Capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa Through Informatics, Bioinformatics, and Data Science Training Programs in Mali
Conclusion Bioinformatics and data science training programs in developing countries necessitate incremental and collaborative strategies for their feasible and sustainable development. The progress described here covered decades of collaborative efforts centered on training and research on computationally intensive topics. These efforts laid the groundwork and platforms conducive for hosting a bioinformatics and data science training program in Mali. Training programs are perhaps best facilitated through Africa’s university systems as they are perhaps best positioned to maintain core resources during lapses in sho...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Characterization of α-Glucosidases From Lutzomyia longipalpis Reveals Independent Hydrolysis Systems for Plant or Blood Sugars
In this report, the authors consider that transglycosylation might be an adaptation for the obtention of monosaccharides from sucrose without the increase in osmolarity, as a simple hydrolytic reaction of a 0.7 M sucrose solution (phloem concentration) might result in osmotic shock for the midgut epithelial cells. In this respect, L. longipalpis enzymes might have the same biochemical adaptation. It would be very interesting to observe if this is a common trait of α-glucosidase from insects feeding on nectar or phloem sap, and verify if this is a case of evolutionary divergence or convergence. Two main mechanisms o...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 9, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

For entomologists, a gender gap remains in academic, government employment
(Entomological Society of America) Despite a healthy pipeline of women graduating from entomology programs in the United States, insect science jobs in academia and government are disproportionately held by men, according to a new study in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America. The study indicates that men exceed women in university and federal entomology jobs by a 3-to-1 ratio, even though women have earned more than 40 percent of doctoral degrees in entomology for the past decade.
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - September 5, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Veterinary parasitology teaching – Ten years of experience with the Vetsuisse curriculum
Publication date: 15 March 2018 Source:Veterinary Parasitology, Volume 252 Author(s): Manuela Schnyder, Hubertus Hertzberg, Alexander Mathis, Marietta Schönmann, Adrian Hehl, Peter Deplazes Pursuant to the Joint Declaration by 29 European education ministers in June 1999 in the city of Bologna, Italy, the so-called ‘Bologna Process’ was officially introduced at the Vetsuisse Faculty (Universities of Zurich and Berne) in Switzerland in 2007. The long-term goal of restructuring the study programmes was to create a common European Higher Education Area (EHEA), with uniform and clearly defined standards for degrees (“d...
Source: Veterinary Parasitology - March 18, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Veterinary parasitology teaching: Ten years of experience with the Vetsuisse curriculum
Publication date: Available online 1 February 2018 Source:Veterinary Parasitology Author(s): Manuela Schnyder, Hubertus Hertzberg, Alexander Mathis, Marietta Schönmann, Adrian Hehl, Peter Deplazes Pursuant to the Joint Declaration by 29 European education ministers in June 1999 in the city of Bologna, Italy, the so-called ‘Bologna Process’ was officially introduced at the Vetsuisse Faculty (Universities of Zurich and Berne) in Switzerland in 2007. The long-term goal of restructuring the study programmes was to create a common European Higher Education Area (EHEA), with uniform and clearly defined standards for degree...
Source: Veterinary Parasitology - February 2, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Quality control of a medicinal larval (Lucilia sericata) debridement device based on released gelatinase activity
Abstract Lucilia sericata Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae are manufactured worldwide for the treatment of chronic wounds. Published research has confirmed that the primary clinical effect of the product, debridement (the degradation of non‐viable wound tissue), is accomplished by a range of enzymes released by larvae during feeding. The quality assessment of larval activity is currently achieved during production using meat‐based assays, which monitor insect growth and/or the reduction in substrate mass. To support this, the present authors developed a complementary radial diffusion enzymatic assay to produce a ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - January 23, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. F. PICKLES, D. I. PRITCHARD Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Heterogeneity of Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Control Community Size, Research Productivity, and Arboviral Diseases Across the United States
Multiple factors lead to extensive variation in mosquito and mosquito-borne virus control programs throughout the United States. This variation is related to differences in budgets, number of personnel, operational activities targeting nuisance or vector species, integration of Geographical Information Systems, and the degree of research and development to improve management interventions through collaboration with academic institutions. To highlight this heterogeneity, the current study evaluates associations among the size of a mosquito control community, the research productivity, and the mosquito-borne virus human dise...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Hamer, G. L. Tags: Forum Source Type: research

Bee Experts Dismantle Touted 'Harvard' Neonics-Colony Collapse Disorder Study As 'Activist Science'
This study remains the only lab research to date that has evaluated how real world pollen-pesticide blends affect honey bee health. The researchers found a striking reduction in the risk from Nosema infection when neonics were used, bee health improved. Why would that be? It seems neonics may suppress the parasite associated with the disease. vanEngelsdorp and Pettis are not yet sure this is a real effect; good science requires that results be confirmed in multiple studies. That said, the intriguing but startling finding directly challenges the belief that neonics pose an unusually unique danger to bees. What is the futu...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - December 15, 2014 Category: Science Source Type: news