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Neuroprotective effects of flavone luteolin in neuroinflammation and neurotrauma
In conclusion, luteolin can improve cognitive decline and enhance neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases, TBI, and stroke.
Source: BioFactors - October 24, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Duraisamy Kempuraj, Ramasamy Thangavel, Deepak D. Kempuraj, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar, Sudhanshu P. Raikwar, Smita A. Zaheer, Shankar S. Iyer, Raghav Govindarajan, Premkumar Nattanmai Chandrasekaran, Asgar Zaheer Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Effects of surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis model rats and their gut microbiota.
Abstract Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a more advanced form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is associated with increased cardiovascular and liver-related mortality. Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP5/Dmcr) that are fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet develop hepatic lesions that are similar to those observed in human NASH pathology. We investigated the hepatic protective and antioxidant effects of surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDACNFs) that were administered to SHRSP5/Dmcr rats for 8 weeks. The administration of SDACNFs (80 mg/kg/day) resulted in a significa...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - July 18, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Goto M, Iohara D, Michihara A, Ifuku S, Azuma K, Kadowaki D, Maruyama T, Otagiri M, Hirayama F, Anraku M Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research

Phoenixin 14 inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced cytotoxicity in microglia.
Abstract The process of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in ischemic stroke often leads to significant cell death and permanent neuronal damage. Safe and effective treatments are urgently needed to mitigate the damage caused by IR injury. The naturally occurring pleiotropic peptide phoenixin 14 (PNX-14) has recently come to light as a potential treatment for IR injury. In the present study, we examined the effects of PNX-14 on several key processes involved in ischemic injury, such as pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and the related cascade mediated through the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, ...
Source: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics - May 21, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ma H, Su D, Wang Q, Chong Z, Zhu Q, He W, Wang W Tags: Arch Biochem Biophys Source Type: research

Prophylactic supplementation of 20-HETE ameliorates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in pulmonary vascular endothelial cells by inhibiting apoptosis.
Abstract Hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) injury perturbs structural and functional syncytium in lung tissues. It is commonly implicated in conditions such as stroke, lung transplant or severe pneumonia. In the present study, we investigated the cytoprotective action of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) on pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) under normoxic and hypoxic niche followed by HR. 20-HETE pretreatment showed a protective effect at a concentration of 1μM as there was a marked increase (20%) in the cell viability compared to control and HR groups. Pretreatment of 20-HETE in HR induced injury de...
Source: Acta Histochemica - November 5, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sugumaran P, Narayanan V, Zhu D, Medhora M, Jacobs ER, Chandramohan Y, Selvaraj V, Dhanasekaran A Tags: Acta Histochem Source Type: research

50  bp deletion in promoter superoxide dismutase 1 gene and increasing risk of cardiovascular disease in Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerotic disorder cohort study
AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD), one of the main mortality causes worldwide is considered to be affected by general oxidative stress and inadequacy antioxidant system. Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a cytosolic antioxidant enzyme has a key role in neutralizing the excessive prooxidant by scavenging the super oxide anions. SOD1 polymorphic variants exhibit the altered activity properties. In the current study, we are aimed to investigate the association between the SOD1 polymorphism and CVD prevalence. A 6 ‐years case control follow up study was designed to genotype the 526 participants (311 controls and 215 cases) f...
Source: BioFactors - October 30, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Susan Darroudi, Amir Tajbakhsh, Habibollah Esmaily, Hamideh Ghazizadeh, Parvin Zamani, Fatemeh Sadabadi, Maryam Tayefi, Batool Tayefi, Narges Fereydouni, Mohsen Mouhebati, Noushin Akbari Sark, Amir Avan, Gordon A. Ferns, Amir H. Mohammadpour, Tags: RESEARCH COMMUNICATION Source Type: research

Preconditioning with hydrogen sulfide ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion
This study investigated the effect of endogenous and exogenous H2S in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. 129P2-Cbstm1Unc/J mice with heterozygous mutants in H2S generating enzyme cystathionine β-synthase were used to study the effect of endogenous H2S. H2S donor NaHS was used as exogenous H2S. Animals were pretreated with H2S and then subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Behavioral outcome was evaluated by novel object recognition test. Inflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the activation of NF-κB. Aged 129P2-Cbstm1Unc/J mice showed exaggerated inflammation and...
Source: Chemico Biological Interactions - July 5, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Benefits of curcumin in brain disorders
AbstractCurcumin is widely consumed in Asia either as turmeric directly or as one of the culinary ingredients in food recipes. The benefits of curcumin in different organ systems have been reported extensively in several neurological diseases and cancer. Curcumin has got its global recognition because of its strong antioxidant, anti ‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, and antimicrobial activities. Additionally, it is used in diabetes and arthritis as well as in hepatic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, there is growing attention on usage of curcumin to prevent or delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. This...
Source: BioFactors - June 10, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Abid Bhat, Arehally M. Mahalakshmi, Bipul Ray, Sunanda Tuladhar, Tousif A. Hediyal, Esther Manthiannem, Jagadeeswari Padamati, Ramesh Chandra, Saravana B. Chidambaram, Meena K. Sakharkar Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Oxidative stress and inflammation, two features associated with a high percentage body fat, and that may lead to diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome
In this study, 9154 individuals were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Association Disorder (MASHAD) study. Subjects were categorized into two groups according to body fat percentage as defined>25% in male and> 30% in female, according to gender. Biochemical factors, including serum PAB, SOD1, and hs ‐CRP were measured in all subjects. SPSS version 18 was used for statistical analyses for all. GraphPad Prism 6 for figures was used. Of total number of subjects (9154), 6748 (73.7%) were found to have a high body fat (BF) percentage. Serum hs‐CRP and PAB were significantly higher in individuals with ...
Source: BioFactors - December 18, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Susan Darroudi, Narges Fereydouni, Maryam Tayefi, Mahsa Ahmadnezhad, Parvin Zamani, Batool Tayefi, Jasmin Kharazmi, Shima Tavalaie, Alireza Heidari ‐Bakavoli, Mahmoud R. Azarpajouh, Gordon A. Ferns, Amir H. Mohammadpour, Habibollah Esmaily, Tags: Research Communication Source Type: research

Isoquercetin attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis after ischemia/reperfusion injury via Nrf2-mediated inhibition of the NOX4/ROS/NF- κB pathway
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Iso in primary culture of rat hippocampal neurons exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) injury and in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) injury. We found that rats treated with Iso exhibited a lower degree of infarct volume, and brain water content than the vehicle-treated rats. Treatment with Iso also improved the neurological deficits in MCAO/R rats as shown by the decreased modified neurological severity score. Iso treatment decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyd...
Source: Chemico Biological Interactions - February 17, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Polyamines: therapeutic perspectives in oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases.
Abstract Polyamines are naturally occurring aliphatic compounds, particularly essential elements for biological functions. These compounds play a central role in regulating molecular pathways which are responsible for cellular proliferation, growth, and differentiation. Importantly, excessive polyamine catabolism can lead to a prominent source of oxidative stress which increases inflammatory response and thought to be involved in several diseases including stroke, renal failure, neurological disease, liver disease, and even cancer. Moreover, polyamine supplementation increases life span in model organisms and may ...
Source: Amino Acids - July 21, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hussain T, Tan B, Ren W, Rahu N, Dad R, Kalhoro DH, Yin Y Tags: Amino Acids Source Type: research

Correlation of Serum Nitric Oxide (NO) with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patient: A Study in North India
AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is one of the key players in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Limited reports are available about the serum level of NO and their correlation with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score in acute (<24  h) ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. A hospital based, cross sectional study was done in North Indian population to find out correlation of serum NO and GCS in AIS patients. 50 patients of AIS and 25 healthy controls were chosen for the study. Serum NO level was measured by ELISA and GCS scores were assessed by a neurologist. Pearson correlation coefficients were analyzed to look for the relationship b...
Source: Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry - July 5, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Neuroprotective effect of 2-hydroxy arachidonic acid in a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá. Graphical abstract
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Biomembranes - July 4, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

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