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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis

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Exposure to patients & #39; sample and prevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus infection among health-care workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Conclusion: There is a comparatively lower prevalence of HBsAg among the health-care workers who are directly exposed to patients' samples. The age of the respondent has a significant association with hepatitis B infection.
Source: Annals of African Medicine - November 16, 2022 Category: African Health Authors: Oluwafemi Johnson Adegbamigbe Musah Yusuf Kabir Adekunle Durowade Oluwatosin Oluwagbenga Oguntoye Yemisi Ogundare Source Type: research

Adaptation of a general primary care package for HIV‐infected adults to an HIV centre setting in Gaborone, Botswana
ConclusionThis preventive care package addresses the comprehensive health needs of HIV‐infected adults in the FMC in an evidence‐based manner. The process of combining clinic‐specific prevalence data, national guidelines, regional literature and assessment of public‐sector resources to adapt an existing general package could be utilised to develop similar guidelines in other resource‐limited locales.
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - January 4, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Stephanie Davis, Premal Patel, Abid Sheikh, Gabriel Anabwani, Michael A. Tolle Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of health care workers towards influenza vaccination
Conclusions Staff knowledge, attitudes and beliefs concerning influenza and its vaccine are an important predictor of uptake and should be a target for campaigns to promote uptake.
Source: Occupational Medicine - April 4, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mytton, O. T., O'Moore, E. M., Sparkes, T., Baxi, R., Abid, M. Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Fulminant Viral Hepatitis
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a condition wherein the previously healthy liver rapidly deteriorates, resulting in jaundice, encephalopathy, and coagulopathy. There are approximately 2000 cases per year of ALF in the United States. Viral causes (fulminant viral hepatitis [FVH]) are the predominant cause of ALF in developing countries. Given the ease of spread of viral hepatitis and the high morbidity and mortality associated with ALF, a systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of FVH is required. In this review, the authors describe the viral causes of ALF and review the intensive care unit management of patients with FVH.
Source: Critical Care Clinics - May 13, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Saumya Jayakumar, Raiyan Chowdhury, Carrie Ye, Constantine J. Karvellas Source Type: research

Southwest CARE Center adds two locations
Southwest CARE Center in Santa Fe, which treats HIV and Hepatitis patients, has expanded from one to three locations in the past seven months and recently added three new health care providers to its network. Dr. Ira Berkovitz, a longtime Santa Fe family practitioner, will see patients of all ages, Southwest CARE said in a news release. Dr. Boud Atterbury, an internal medicine physician at CHRISTUS St. Vincent Medical Center since 2007, is also joining Southwest CARE. Maite Redondo Cladera, CNM,…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines - July 30, 2013 Category: American Health Authors: Dennis Domrzalski Source Type: research

Fulminant Viral Hepatitis
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a condition wherein the previously healthy liver rapidly deteriorates, resulting in jaundice, encephalopathy, and coagulopathy. There are approximately 2000 cases per year of ALF in the United States. Viral causes (fulminant viral hepatitis [FVH]) are the predominant cause of ALF in developing countries. Given the ease of spread of viral hepatitis and the high morbidity and mortality associated with ALF, a systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of FVH is required. In this review, the authors describe the viral causes of ALF and review the intensive care unit management of patients with FVH.
Source: Critical Care Clinics - May 13, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Saumya Jayakumar, Raiyan Chowdhury, Carrie Ye, Constantine J. Karvellas Source Type: research

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rarely occurs in children and adolescents and has been reported to be highly hepatitis B related more than 10years ago. However, after global vaccination for hepatitis B virus (HBV), the characteristics and outcome of pediatric HCC remain undefined. Patients with HCC admitted to a large Chinese tertiary hospital from 2004 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Forty-five (1.97%) pediatric HCC were diagnosed (age ≤18years), with predominantly male patients (93.3%). Thirty-two (71.1%) children were HBV positive, 30 of whom had vertical transmission from their mothers. HBV positivity was assoc...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - March 1, 2014 Category: Surgery Authors: Federico G. Seifarth Tags: International Abstracts of Pediatric Surgery Source Type: research

Influence of abdominal obesity on multiorgan dysfunction and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients treated with prone positioning
We report our observations in abdominally obese ARDS patients treated with PP.Materials and methods: Patients with ARDS (n = 82) were retrospectively divided into 2 groups characterized by presence (n = 41) or absence (n = 41) of abdominal obesity as defined by a sagittal abdominal diameter of 26 cm or more.Results: There was no difference in cumulative time abdominally obese patients were placed in prone position from admission to day 7 (41.0 hours [interquartile range, 50.5 hours] vs 39.5 hours [interquartile range, 61.5 hours]; P = .65) or in overall intensive care unit mortality (34% vs 34%; P = 1). However, abdominall...
Source: Journal of Critical Care - February 27, 2014 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Thomas Weig, Silke Janitza, Michael Zoller, Michael E. Dolch, Jens Miller, Lorenz Frey, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Thorsten Johnson, Mirjam I. Schubert, Michael Irlbeck Tags: Ventilation Source Type: research

Mortality of patients infected with HIV in the intensive care unit (2005-2010): significant role of chronic hepatitis C and severe sepsis
HIV infection is related to a higher frequency of severe sepsis and death among patients admitted to the ICU; coinfection with Hepatitis C virus increases risk of death in the presence and absence of sepsis.
Source: Critical Care - August 27, 2014 Category: Intensive Care Authors: José MedranoAlejando Álvaro-MecaAlexandre BoyerMaría Jiménez-SousaSalvador Resino Source Type: research

The duration of hepatitis B vaccine immunity in pediatric dialysis patients
Conclusions After dialysis initiation, protective hepatitis B antibody levels wane rapidly, with a shortened duration of immunity. In our cohort of pediatric patients with CKD 5D, this decline was more pronounced in children who were immunized after starting dialysis than in those who received hepatitis B immunizations during childhood. Both groups of patients should be monitored with serial antibody titers.
Source: Pediatric Nephrology - September 26, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Hepatitis C: A Novel, Comprehensive, Online Resource Center for Primary Care Providers and Specialists
Current initiatives focusing on hepatitis C (HCV) screening and diagnosis, together with the advent of oral interferon (IFN)-free treatment regimens have prompted Elsevier Multimedia Publishing and the American Journal of Medicine (AJM) to develop a novel, comprehensive, online Resource Center dedicated to providing both primary care providers and specialists with the latest information on the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and management of HCV. To date, only 25% of infected patients have been diagnosed and only 5% cured.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 9, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Edward Lebovics, Klara Czobor Source Type: research

Knowledge, attitude and practice of health care workers toward Hepatitis B virus infection, Sudan.
This study was set out to assess health care providers' knowledge, attitude and practice towards hepatitis B virus infection (HBV). METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out, in four public hospitals in Wad Medani, Sudan. Anonymous pre-tested questionnaire was completed by 295 different health care providers. The response rate was 100%. RESULTS: The study revealed that, 97.2% of doctors, 98.6% of nurses, 94.8% of laboratory technicians and 95.7% of other paramedical knew that HBV transmitted via blood. For hygienic precautionary measure; the current study disclosed that (81%) of the responding providers were...
Source: International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine - November 30, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Risk Saf Med Source Type: research

Senate Finance Committee Releases Results of Investigation Into Gilead’s Pricing Strategy for Hepatitis-C Drugs
Discussion The Gilead example does not represent the life science community well, and highlights the need to put extra thought into the way drugs are priced. Gilead clearly was allowing marketing to drive the pricing ship and displayed what could be considered an almost reckless disregard for availability and affordability. Pharmaceutical companies can, and should, attempt to maximize their profit, but should consider doing so in a way that ensures availability and affordability for patients and payers alike. While there is no clear answer to the drug pricing dilemma we currently face, perhaps more thought and research s...
Source: Policy and Medicine - December 2, 2015 Category: American Health Authors: Thomas Sullivan - Policy & Medicine Writing Staff Source Type: blogs

PhRMA Disowns Companies Like Valeant and Turing
CEO of Turing has more on his plate today than ever before, as Martin Shkreli was arrested for securities violations. Recently, PhRMA CEO and President, Stephen J. Ubi, wrote an editorial for The Hill's Congress Blog, where he once again reiterated that companies like Turing and Valeant do not represent the pharmaceutical industry as a whole. Ubi opened his op-ed by stating that PhRMA actually welcomes the conversation that is starting to develop over drug pricing, because he believes "that the longer and deeper the discussion goes, the better lawmakers and the general public will understand the true, profound value these...
Source: Policy and Medicine - December 18, 2015 Category: American Health Authors: Thomas Sullivan - Policy & Medicine Writing Staff Source Type: blogs

The American College of Preventive Medicine Position Statement on Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Publication date: March 2016 Source:American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Volume 50, Issue 3 Author(s): Robert D. Allison, Steven A. Hale, Bart J. Harvey, Toni-Marie L. Hudson, Catherine J. Livingston, Kevin M. Sherin, Kelechi A. Uduhiri, David W. Niebuhr The American College of Preventive Medicine Prevention Practice Committee contributes to policy guidelines and recommendations on preventive health topics for clinicians and public health decision makers. After review of the currently available evidence, the College is providing a consensus-based set of recommendations designed to increase screening for and p...
Source: American Journal of Preventive Medicine - February 17, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research