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Infectious Disease: Endemics

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Total 24836 results found since Jan 2013.

Evaluation of the Point-of-Care Circulating Cathodic Antigen Assay for Monitoring Mass Drug Administration in a Schistosoma mansoni Control Program in Western Kenya
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Nov 8:tpmd210599. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0599. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe WHO guidelines for monitoring and evaluating Schistosoma mansoni control programs are based on the Kato-Katz (KK) fecal examination method; however, there are limitations to its use, particularly in low prevalence areas. The point-of-care urine circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) assay has emerged as a useful tool for mapping schistosomiasis prevalence, but its use in monitoring and evaluating control programs has not been evaluated. Before POC-CCA can be used for these programs, it must be determined how previous gui...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - November 8, 2021 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Anne Straily Emmy A Kavere Dollycate Wanja Ryan E Wiegand Susan P Montgomery Alex Mwaki Alie Eleveld William E Secor Maurice R Odiere Source Type: research

Point-of-Care Ultrasound by Nonexpert Operators Demonstrates High Sensitivity and Specificity in Detecting Gallstones: Data from the Samoa Typhoid Fever Control Program
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Jan 10:tpmd210973. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0973. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTApproximately 90% of chronic typhoid carriers with persistent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) gallbladder infection have gallstones. In Samoa, where typhoid fever has been endemic for many decades, risk factors predisposing to the development of gallstones are increasing among adults. The Samoa Typhoid Fever Control Program dispatches a "Typhoid Epidemiologic SWAT Team" to perform a household investigation of every blood culture-confirmed case of acute typhoid fever. Investigations include screening household c...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - January 10, 2022 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Seth Hoffman Sachin Desai Michael Sikorski Glenn Fatupaito Siaosi Tupua Robert Thomsen Savitra Rambocus Susana Nimarota-Brown Linatupu Punimata Michelle Sialeipata Chandler Tuilagi Jane Han Roy Robins-Browne Take Naseri Myron Levine Source Type: research

Foreign medical graduates are not the primary care solution
With immigration reform under hot debate, it’s important to remember that all of us except the Native Americans are foreigners.  It’s what has made our culture so diverse.  People from foreign countries ideally bring the best of their cultures to the US and enrich us all with the diversity of life.  This advantage lessens considerably when those visitors want to enter fields in which understanding of endemic American culture is critical.  So it can be with foreign medical graduates (FMGs). Continue reading ... Your patients are rating you online: How to respond. Manage your online reputation: A social media guide. Find out how.
Source: Kevin, M.D. - Medical Weblog - August 23, 2013 Category: Family Physicians Tags: Physician Primary care Source Type: blogs

Influenza and Endemic Viral Pneumonia
This article focuses on severe influenza pneumonia, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and briefly discusses other causes of severe respiratory disease of viral etiology.
Source: Critical Care Clinics - October 1, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Clare D. Ramsey, Anand Kumar Source Type: research

Pediatric urolithiasis in a non-endemic country: A single center experience from The Netherlands
Conclusion: Children with urolithiasis in The Netherlands show stone composition similar to other Western European countries. However, a high percentage of metabolic abnormalities (78%) was found, indicating the need for extensive evaluation of pediatric urolithiasis to find underlying causes and thereby prevent stone recurrences. A close collaboration between a pediatric nephrologist and urologist is mandatory for optimal surgical and medical treatment.
Source: Journal of Pediatric Urology - August 26, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Daphne M. Rellum, Wout F. Feitz, Antonius E. van Herwaarden, Michiel F. Schreuder Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis in interstitial lung disease(ILD) at primary health care level
Conclusion: Our study clearly shows the significant diagnostic delay &misdiagnosis of ILDs at primary health care level.The reason for this includes the overlap with other common endemic disease & lack of proper knowledge and diagnostic facilities at primary level.Improvement of diagnostic approach &proper training of doctors needed at primary care level for timely referral and to reduce diagnostic delay & stress of patient.Reference: European respiratory monograph 46:interstitial lung disease edited by R.M Du Bois,L .Richeldi.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 7, 2016 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mujeeb Rahman, K. K., Samaria, J. K. Tags: 1.6 General Practice and Primary Care Source Type: research

The cascade of HIV care among refugees and nationals in Nakivale Refugee Settlement in Uganda
ConclusionsLess than a quarter of newly HIV‐diagnosed clients completed ART assessment, considerably lower than in other reports from sub‐Saharan Africa. Understanding which factors hinder linkage to and engagement in care in the settlement will be important to inform interventions specific for this environment.
Source: HIV Medicine - January 10, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: KN O'Laughlin, J Kasozi, DJ Rabideau, RA Parker, E Mulogo, ZM Faustin, KE Greenwald, S Doraiswamy, RP Walensky, IV Bassett Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Presentation and Treatment of Histoplasmosis in Pediatric Oncology Patients: Case Series and Review of the Literature
We present 5 patients diagnosed with histoplasmosis while receiving treatment at a midsize pediatric oncology center in Iowa. Two cases occurred in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 3 cases in patients with solid tumors. All patients were treated with antifungal therapy and demonstrated excellent clinical response. Histoplasmosis should be considered as a potential cause of nonspecific febrile illness, pulmonary masses, and bone marrow suppression in immunocompromised patients in endemic regions. Prompt and accurate diagnosis can facilitate timely antifungal therapy and avoidance of prolonged hospital stays, i...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Hematology Oncology - February 21, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Clinical and Laboratory Observations Source Type: research

Malaria self-care in nimboran subdistrict, jayapura district, papua province, indonesia.
This study was an observation in Nimboran Subdistrict, Jayapura District, Papua Province, Indonesia during 2013. Thirty individuals from ‘Pengurus Rukun Tetangga’ group were chosen randomly for the survey. Facts evaluated were knowledge of cause of malaria, disease transmission, symptoms and complication, diagnosis, treatment and side effects, medical seeking behavior and treatment, vector breeding sites, and attitude towards compliance of malaria treatment and use of mosquito nets. Self-care against malaria was considered important by 65% of the respondents. All participants had visited health centers and complied wit...
Source: Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health - April 18, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health Source Type: research

Long-term use of selective digestive decontamination in an ICU highly endemic for bacterial resistance
We examined whether long-term use of selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) was effective in reducing intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infection and antibiotic consumption while decreasing colistin-...
Source: Critical Care - May 30, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Catalina S ánchez-Ramírez, Silvia Hípola-Escalada, Miriam Cabrera-Santana, María Adela Hernández-Viera, Liliana Caipe-Balcázar, Pedro Saavedra, Fernando Artiles-Campelo, Nayra Sangil-Monroy, Carlos Federico Lübbe-Vázquez and Sergio Ruiz-Santana Tags: Research Source Type: research

Functional outcomes in adults with tuberculous meningitis admitted to the ICU: a multicenter cohort study
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating infection in tuberculosis endemic areas with limited access to intensive care. Functional outcomes of severe adult TBM patients admitted to the ICU in nonendemic a...
Source: Critical Care - August 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Marie Cantier, Adeline Morisot, Emmanuel Gu érot, Bruno Megarbane, Keyvan Razazi, Damien Contou, Eric Mariotte, Emmanuel Canet, Etienne De Montmollin, Vincent Dubée, Eric Boulet, Stéphane Gaudry, Guillaume Voiriot, Julien Mayaux, Frédéric Pène, Math Tags: Research Source Type: research

Sickle cell diseases: What can nuclear medicine offer?
Authors: Niccoli Asabella A, Altini C, Nappi AG, Lavelli V, Ferrari C, Marzullo A, Loiodice A, Rubini G Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the best known haemoglobinopathy, caused by a mutation substituting valina for glutamic acid at position 6 of the beta-globin chain of adult hemoglobin A, resulting in hemoglobin S (HbS). The homozygous HbS disease (HbSS), an autosomal recessive disorder, is the most common form and the Mediterranean area, along with sub-Saharian African and India, have the highest prevalence (1%-15%). In particular, Sicily with a prevalence of 2%-5%, is among the most interested regions. How...
Source: Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine - March 9, 2019 Category: Nuclear Medicine Tags: Hell J Nucl Med Source Type: research

Utility of the Rose Bengal Test as a Point-of-Care Test for Human Brucellosis in Endemic African Settings: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Ekiri AB, Kilonzo C, Bird BH, VanWormer E, Wolking DJ, Smith WA, Masanja H, Kazwala RR, Mazet JAK Abstract In endemic African areas, such as Tanzania, Brucella spp. cause human febrile illnesses, which often go unrecognized and misdiagnosed, resulting in delayed diagnosis, underdiagnosis, and underreporting. Although rapid and affordable point-of-care tests, such as the Rose Bengal test (RBT), are available, acceptance and adoption of these tests at the national level are hindered by a lack of local diagnostic performance data. To address this need, evidence on the diagnostic performance of RBT as a human ...
Source: Journal of Tropical Medicine - October 6, 2020 Category: Tropical Medicine Tags: J Trop Med Source Type: research

Sepsis in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019: how often and how severe?
Purpose of review To discuss why severe COVID-19 should be considered sepsis and how co-infection and secondary infection can aggravate this condition and perpetuate organ dysfunction leading to high mortality rates. Recent findings In severe COVID-19, there is both direct viral toxicity and dysregulated host response to infection. Although both coinfection and/or secondary infection are present, the latest is of greater concern mainly in resource-poor settings. Patients with severe COVID-19 present a phenotype of multiorgan dysfunction that leads to death in an unacceptable high percentage of the patients, with...
Source: Current Opinion in Critical Care - September 3, 2021 Category: Nursing Tags: SEVERE INFECTIONS: Edited by Andre C. Kalil Source Type: research

Bannwarth Syndrome: A Rare Manifestation of Pediatric Lyme Neuroborreliosis
We report an imported case of Bannwarth syndrome in a pediatric patient and review the literature for other pediatric cases reported.
Source: The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal - October 19, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research