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Effects of Diclofenac Versus Meloxicam in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindled Mice.
Abstract Epilepsy comes after stroke as the most common chronic neurological disorder worldwide. Inflammation enhances neuronal hyperexcitability that could provide a background setting for the development of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of valproate (VAL), diclofenac (DIC), meloxicam (MEL), VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindled mice. Seventy mice were randomly allocated into 7 equal groups; Control, PTZ, VAL, DIC, MEL, VAL + MEL and VAL + DIC groups. Kindling was induced by PTZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) injection every other day for 17 days. The drugs were...
Source: Neurochemical Research - May 12, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Elgarhi R, Shehata MM, Abdelsameea AA, Salem AE Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

In vivo evaluation of 11CTMI, a COX-2 selective PET tracer, in baboons.
The objective of this study is to evaluate [11C]TMI, a selective COX-2 inhibitor (Ki ≤ 1 nM) in nonhuman primates using PET imaging. PET imaging in baboons showed that [11C]TMI penetrates the blood brain barrier (BBB) and accumulates in brain in a somewhat heterogeneous pattern. Metabolite analyses indicated that [11C]TMI undergoes no significant metabolism of parent tracer in the plasma for baseline scans, however a relative faster metabolism was found for blocking scan. All the tested quantification approaches provide comparable tracer total distribution volume (VT) estimates in the range of 3.2-7 (mL/cm3). We ...
Source: Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters - October 31, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kumar JSD, Zanderigo F, Prabhakaran J, Rubin-Falcone H, Parsey RV, Mann JJ Tags: Bioorg Med Chem Lett Source Type: research

Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke in Patients Exposed to Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Conclusion: Our results indicated that the use of NSAIDs is significantly associated with a higher risk of developing hemorrhagic stroke. These results should be interpreted with caution because they may be confounded owing to the observational design of the individual studies. Nevertheless, we recommend that NSAIDs should be used judiciously, and their efficacy and safety should be monitored proactively.Neuroepidemiology 2018;51:166 –176
Source: Neuroepidemiology - September 2, 2018 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Evaluation of 11CTMI as a COX-2 selective PET tracer in baboon
Conclusion: Our PET imaging studies in baboon show that [11C]TMI penetrates the BBB and distributes to COX-2 enriched brain regions. Details of the in vivo evaluation of [11C]TMI in baboon brain will be presented. References 1. Majo VJ et al., Bioorg Med Chem Let., 2005, 15, 4268. 2. Cunningham VJ et al., J Cereb Blood Flow Metab., 2010; 30(1): 46-50. Grant Support: Diane Goldberg Foundation (NYSPI/CUMC) and Pfizer Inc.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 23, 2018 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Kumar, D., Zanderigo, F., Prabhakaran, J., Rubin-Falcone, H., Parsey, R., Mann, J. J. Tags: Neuroscience - Basic Science - Posters Source Type: research

Celecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis.
CONCLUSIONS: Celecoxib may improve clinical symptoms, alleviate pain and contribute to little or no difference in physical function compared with placebo. Celecoxib was associated with fewer numbers of participant withdrawals. Results for incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers (≥ 3 mm) and short-term serious adverse events were uncertain; however, there were few reported events for either.Celecoxib may slightly improve clinical symptoms compared with tNSAIDs. Results for reduced pain and improved physical function were uncertain. Particpants taking celecoxib had lower incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers (≥ 3 mm) and there w...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 9, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Fidahic M, Jelicic Kadic A, Radic M, Puljak L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Coxibs Refocus Attention on the Cardiovascular Risks of Non-Aspirin NSAIDs
This article explains how coxibs refocused attention on the cardiovascular safety of NSAIDs and the general implications of that. COX-2 activity/specificity is one factor associated with increased cardiovascular risks; however, these risks cannot be attributed to coxibs alone. The traditional NSAIDs (i.e., meloxicam, etodolac, and nabumetone) have significant COX-2 specificity, but naproxen and ibuprofen have less specificity. All NSAIDs, whether traditional or a coxib, pose some cardiovascular risks. It is possible that clinicians continue to focus more on decreasing the immediate gastric risks than preventing the later c...
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - March 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Non ‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐induced cardiovascular adverse events: a meta‐analysis
Summary What is known and objectiveAlthough non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been studied in randomized, controlled trials and meta‐analyses in an effort to determine their cardiovascular (CV) risks, no consensus has been reached. These studies continue to raise questions, including whether cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) selectivity plays a role in conferring CV risk. We performed a meta‐analysis of current literature to determine whether COX‐2 selectivity leads to an increased CV risk. MethodsWe utilized randomized, controlled trials and prospective cohort studies. We selected eight NSAIDs based...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - November 30, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: B. R. Gunter, K. A. Butler, R. L. Wallace, S. M. Smith, S. Harirforoosh Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Nonaspirin Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Overall, the use of NSAIDs is not associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke, although this risk was modestly significantly elevated in diclofenac and meloxicam users.
Source: Stroke - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ungprasert, P., Matteson, E. L., Thongprayoon, C. Tags: Risk Factors, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Intracranial Hemorrhage Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Atorvastatin-meloxicam association inhibits neuroinflammation and attenuates the cellular damage in cerebral ischemia by arterial embolism.
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the meloxicam-atorvastatin association attenuates astrocytic and microglial response in the inflammatory process after cerebral ischemia by arterial embolism, reducing neurodegeneration and restoring the morphological and functional balance of nervous tissue . PMID: 25504124 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Biomedica : Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud - November 28, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Biomedica Source Type: research

Effects of buprenorphine and meloxicam analgesia on induced cerebral ischemia in C57BL/6 male mice.
Abstract Laboratory mice constitute an extensively used model to study the pathologic and functional outcomes of cerebral ischemic stroke. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model requires surgical intervention, which potentially can result in postsurgical pain and stress. In the present study, we investigated whether buprenorphine and meloxicam, at clinically relevant doses provided pain relief without altering infarct volume in male C57BL/6 mice. Common known side-effects of buprenorphine, including decreased food consumption, were noted after surgery in buprenorphine-treated mice, but these effects wer...
Source: Comparative Medicine - May 23, 2013 Category: Zoology Authors: Jacobsen KR, Fauerby N, Raida Z, Kalliokoski O, Hau J, Johansen FF, Abelson KS Tags: Comp Med Source Type: research