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Total 6408 results found since Jan 2013.

Metformin may be Associated with False-Negative Cancer Detection in the Gastrointestinal Tract on PET/CT
Conclusions: Metformin leads to intense, diffusely increased FDG uptake in the colon, and to a lesser degree, the small intestine, which limits the diagnostic capabilities of FDG PET/CT scanning and may mask gastrointestinal malignancies. We suggest that metformin be discontinued 48 hours before FDG PET/CT scanning is performed in oncology patients. More rigorous data are needed to support the widespread generalizability of this recommendation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review ArticlePages 1079-1083DOI 10.4158/EP14127.RAAuthors Devin W. Steenkamp, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston Medic...
Source: Endocrine Practice - August 6, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocrine Practice Source Type: research

Metformin treatment before and during IVF or ICSI in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: This review found no conclusive evidence that metformin treatment before or during ART cycles improved live birth rates in women with PCOS. However, the use of this insulin-sensitising agent increased clinical pregnancy rates and decreased the risk of OHSS. PMID: 25406011 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 18, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Tso LO, Costello MF, Albuquerque LE, Andriolo RB, Macedo CR Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Vegetarian diet 'could have slight benefits in diabetes'
Conclusion This systematic review has identified six trials assessing whether vegetarian or vegan diets improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes compared with control. It found the vegetarian or vegan diet gave significant improvement in one measure of blood sugar control (HbA1c), but not in another (fasting blood glucose). However, there are some important limitations to consider before we can categorically conclude that people with type 2 diabetes should switch to a meat and fish-free diet: The improvement in blood sugar control was quite small The pooled results of five trials found a vegetarian or vegan diet wa...
Source: NHS News Feed - November 24, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Diabetes Food/diet Source Type: news

Safety and efficacy of dulaglutide, a once weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, for the management of type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Kuritzky L, Umpierrez G, Ekoé JM, Mancillas-Adame L, Landó LF Abstract BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an increasingly common endocrine disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and tissue compartment abnormalities, including macrovascular and microvascular complications. More than 90% of patients with T2D will be diagnosed and treated in the primary care setting. One of the relatively recent additions to the increasing array of approved antidiabetic medications is the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist class. Mechanisms of action for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists inc...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - November 28, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Old drug, new trick: Repurposing metformin for gynecologic cancers?
CONCLUSIONS: Numerous clinical studies have reported an association between metformin use by diabetic patients and improved outcomes in gynecologic cancers. In addition, pre-clinical reports have identified plausible biological mechanisms to explain the molecular mechanism of action of metformin in cancer. However, the most important question remains unanswered: Will metformin be effective against cancer in patients without diabetes? Until this question is answered with prospective clinical testing, the role of metformin in the treatment or prevention of gynecologic malignancies remains theoretical and the clinical use of ...
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - October 23, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Febbraro T, Lengyel E, Romero IL Tags: Gynecol Oncol Source Type: research

The role of metformin on vitamin B12 deficiency: a meta-analysis review
The objective of this study is to systematically analyze the impact of metformin on the frequency of VB12 deficiency and serum levels of VB12. A search of various databases provided 18 retrospective cohort studies and 11 randomized controlled trials. Pooled estimates of odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval using random effect model were conducted. Studies were examined for heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis. Separate analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) including both low-risk and high-risk bias was also conducted. 29 studies were selected with a total of 8,089 patients. 19 studies were r...
Source: Internal and Emergency Medicine - December 12, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Potential Anti-cancer Drugs Commonly Used for Other Indications.
Abstract An increasing resistance of mammalian tumor cells to chemotherapy along with the severe side effects of commonly used cytostatics have raised the urgency in the search for new anti-cancer agents. Drugs approved for indications other than cancer treatment that have a newly recognized cytostatic effect on cancer cells represent promising anti-cancer agents, as these could be rapidly repurposed for this new indication, given their previous toxicity testing in humans and animals. Groups of newly recognized potential cytostatics discussed in this review include benzimidazole anthelmintics (albendazole, mebenda...
Source: Current Cancer Drug Targets - December 29, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hanušová V, Skálová L, Králová V, Matoušková P Tags: Curr Cancer Drug Targets Source Type: research

Updates on a Crowdfunded Mouse Life Span Study
For all that I think it isn't an efficient path forward, one likely to produce meaningful results in moving the needle on human life spans, there is considerable interest in testing combinations of existing drugs and various dietary compounds in mice to see if healthy life is extended. I expect that as public interest grows in the prospects for aging research to move from being an investigative to an interventional field, wherein researchers are actively trying to treat aging, we'll only see more of this. There is certainly a sizable portion of the research community who think that the the best path ahead is in fact the ph...
Source: Fight Aging! - January 1, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Healthy Life Extension Community Source Type: blogs

Preventive handling of drug nephrotoxicity with antioxidant cotherapies: Preclinical studies and clinical perspectives
Publication date: January 2015 Source:New Horizons in Translational Medicine, Volume 2, Issue 2 Author(s): Ana Isabel Morales Martín Worldwide, nephrotoxicity poses a considerable health and economic burden. Nearly 25% of the top 100, most used drugs in intensive care units are potentially nephrotoxic. Moreover, nephrotoxicity causes 10-20% of the acute renal failure cases (ARF). ARF is a very serious condition with high incidence and mortality rate, which is estimated at approximately 50% of the cases despite dialysis application, especially within critically ill patients. Mortality increases to 80% when ARF courses wi...
Source: New Horizons in Translational Medicine - February 8, 2015 Category: Research Source Type: research

Old Drug, New Trick: Repurposing Metformin for Gynecologic Cancers?
ABSTRACT: In recent years, it is becoming increasingly clear that cancer cells have metabolic derangements that may make them vulnerable to drugs that disrupt metabolism. One such agent with great potential for treatment of gynecologic oncology is metformin, an oral biguanide currently used in patients with diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome. An observational study published in 2005 first suggested that metformin has a protective effect in cancer. The data showed that patients with type 2 diabetes taking metformin had a lower risk of dying of cancer than did patients who did not use metformin. Subsequently, several o...
Source: Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey - February 1, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Gynecology: Gynecologic Oncology Source Type: research

Continued Interest in Drugs that Might Slightly Slow Aging
Research institutions are willing to pour comparatively large sums into the pursuit of existing already developed and approved drugs that might, possibly, have some marginal, tiny effect on the course of degenerative aging. This is one manifestation of a large and harmful issue that plagues medical research as a whole, which is that there is very little interest in pursuing radical new improvements to the state of therapies. Rather the larger investments nowadays often go towards mining the existing catalog of approved drugs in search of different uses and slight gains that might have been overlooked in the past. Other gro...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 17, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Good And Bad News For Diabetes Prevention In The Community
The findings from a recent synthesis of the literature about the effectiveness of prevention initiatives focused on reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes among high-risk populations (people already obese or inactive or diagnosed as having prediabetes) are largely encouraging. The synthesis includes a comprehensive and systematic review of the medical, diabetes, and public health literature for evaluation studies of interventions published between 2002 and 2013. The search was undertaken using medical subject headings and keywords related to diabetes and its risk factors. A number of interventions—such as the National ...
Source: Health Affairs Blog - March 25, 2015 Category: Health Management Authors: James Knickman and Kelly Hunt Tags: Access All Categories Disparities Effectiveness Health Care Costs Health Reform Innovation Medicaid Medicare Policy Prevention Quality Research Spending States Source Type: blogs

Adjuvant chemotherapy for early female breast cancer: a systematic review of the evidence for the 2014 Cancer Care Ontario systemic therapy guideline.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this systematic review constitute a comprehensive compilation of the high-level evidence that is the basis for the 2014 pebc guideline on systemic therapy for early breast cancer. Use of cytotoxic chemotherapy is presented here; the results addressing endocrine therapy and her2-targeted treatment, and the final clinical practice recommendations, are published separately in this supplement. PMID: 25848343 [PubMed]
Source: Current Oncology - April 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Curr Oncol Source Type: research

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Antidiabetic Drug Regimens Added to Metformin Monotherapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis
Conclusions Adding different AHAs to metformin was associated with varying effects on HbA1c, BW, SBP, hypoglycemia, UTI and GTI which should impact clinician choice when selecting adjunctive therapy.
Source: PLoS One - April 28, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Elizabeth S. Mearns et al. Source Type: research

Inhibiting or Antagonizing Glucagon: A Progress in Diabetes Care ?
In conclusion, more than 40 years after its initial description, the hyperglucagonemia of diabetes can no longer be ignored or minimized and its correction represents an attractive way for improving diabetes management.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - April 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pierre J. Lefebvre, Nicolas Paquot, André J. Scheen Tags: Review Article Source Type: research