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Nutrition: Vitamins
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Total 92 results found since Jan 2013.
Hypophosphatasia
(HPP) reveals a critical role for the “tissue-nonspecific” isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) in skeletal mineralization. Its biochemical hallmark, subnormal serum ALP activity, results from loss-of-function mutation(s) within TNSALP, the gene that encodes TNSALP. HPP spans an extraordinary range of severity partly explained by autosomal recessive versus autosomal dominant or recessive transmission causing severe and mild HPP, respectively. Perinatal HPP is usually fatal due to profound skeletal hypomineralization. Infantile HPP presents before the age of 6 months with rickets, failure-to-thrive, and sometimes...
Source: Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism - February 11, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Michael Whyte Tags: Conference Proceedings Source Type: research
Adult osteomalacia: A treatable cause of "fear of falling" gait
A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with a gait disorder, obliging him to shuffle laterally1 (video on the Neurology® Web site at www.neurology.org) because of pain and proximal limb weakness. He had a gastrectomy for cancer 7 years previously, with severe vitamin D deficiency; parathormone and alkaline phosphatase were increased, with reduced serum and urine calcium and phosphate. There was reduced bone density (figure). He was mildly hypothyroid and pancytopenic. B12 and folate levels were normal. Investigation for an endocrine neoplasm (CT scan, Octreoscan) was negative. EMG of proximal muscles was typical for chroni...
Source: Neurology - May 27, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ripellino, P., Terazzi, E., Bersano, E., Cantello, R. Tags: Endocrine, Gastrointestinal, Gait disorders/ataxia, Muscle disease, All Neuropsychology/Behavior VIDEO NEUROIMAGES Source Type: research
Vitamin D: role and opportunity to prescribe.
Abstract
The major role of vitamin D in humans is to increase the absorption of calcium and phosphatase for the mineralization of the skeleton. The synthesis of vitamin D3 in the skin under influence of UV light decreases with aging due to insufficient sunlight exposure, and a decreased functional capacity of the skin. Deficiency in vitamin D causes secondary hyperparathyroidism, high bone turnover, bone loss, mineralization defects, proximal myopathy, falls and hip and other fractures. The goal of therapy of hypovitaminosis D is to restore normal serum and deposits of 25 (OH) D. The daily supplementation of vitam...
Source: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research - September 18, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Resmini G, Tarantino U, Iolascon G Tags: Aging Clin Exp Res Source Type: research
Myopathy related to vitamin D deficiency in patient with Celiac disease
Source: Muscle and Nerve - February 23, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Ozgur Zeliha Karaahmet, Ece Unlu, Fatih Karaahmet, Eda Gurcay, Aytul Cakci Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
The Relationship Between Vitamin D Concentrations and Leg Strength in Persons with Parkinson's (P2.054)
CONCLUSION: Our data does not indicate that lower vitamin D levels are associated with reduced muscle strength; there were non-significant trends to suggest the opposite. These results may be spurious or there may be a different relationship in persons with PD. Mechanisms beyond strength such as central balance control, changes in gait patterns, and cognitive function are necessary to include in intervention studies of vitamin D and balance/falls.Study Supported by: Department of Veterans Affairs CDA2 Award, OCTRI - grant number UL1 RR024140; NeuroNext (5U10NS077350-02).Disclosure: Dr. Peterson has nothing to disclose. Dr....
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Peterson, A., Lobb, B., Murchison, C., Quinn, J. Tags: Movement Disorders: Co-morbidities and Novel Care Models Source Type: research
Neurological Complications of Bariatric Surgery
Abstract
Obesity is reaching pandemic proportions, and the number of bariatric surgeries is increasing. Neurological complications of bariatric procedures are more and more frequently reported and physicians need to recognize and be able to manage them. Neurological complications may result from mechanical or inflammatory mechanisms, but mainly from nutritional deficiencies. Vitamin B12, folate, thiamine, vitamin D, and vitamin E are the most frequent deficiencies. Different patterns of complications can be observed that may differ from time to presentation. At an early stage, immediate peripherical nerve injury,...
Source: Obesity Surgery - September 25, 2014 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Riboflavin responsive mitochondrial myopathy is a new phenotype of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency. The chaperon-like effect of vitamin B2
Publication date: September 2014 Source:Mitochondrion, Volume 18 Author(s): Rosalba Carrozzo , Alessandra Torraco , Giuseppe Fiermonte , Diego Martinelli , Michela Di Nottia , Teresa Rizza , Angelo Vozza , Daniela Verrigni , Daria Diodato , Giovanni Parisi , Arianna Maiorana , Cristiano Rizzo , Ciro Leonardo Pierri , Stefania Zucano , Fiorella Piemonte , Enrico Bertini , Carlo Dionisi-Vici Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD, E3) is a flavoprotein common to pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenases. We found two novel DLD mutations (p.I40Lfs*4; p.G461E) in a 19year-old patient with lactic ...
Source: Mitochondrion - November 3, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Gallic Acid Exhibits Risks of Inducing Muscular Hemorrhagic Liposis and Cerebral Hemorrhage—Its Action Mechanism and Preventive Strategy
Gallic acid (3,4,5‐trihydroxybenzoic acid) (GA) occurs in many plants. The adverse effects of GA are seldom cited. GA (6–14 μM) provoked the hemorrhagic liposis of the cervical muscles and intracranial hemorrhage. The cause of these pathological events and the method for prevention are still lacking. Using the chicken embryo model and some selected nutraceutics such as folate, glutathione (GSH), N‐acetylcysteine, and vitamin E (Vit E), we carried out this study. Results revealed that the action mechanism of GA involved (i) inducing hypoxia with upregulated gene hif‐1α and downregulated ratio vegf‐r2/vegf‐a,...
Source: Phytotherapy Research - November 17, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chiu‐Lan Hsieh, Chien‐Hong Lin, Hui‐Er Wang, Chiung‐Chi Peng, Robert Y. Peng Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Vitamin D - from essentiality to functionality.
Authors: Bischoff-Ferrari H
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential in bone and muscle health. Severe deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels < 25 nmol/l) can result in rickets and osteomalacia, fractures, myopathy and falls. All recent recommendations on vitamin D agree that children and adults should reach a target 25-hydroxyvitamin D range of at least 50 nmol/l (threshold for normal vitamin D status) and 50 % of the population may be below that threshold. A vitamin D intake of 600 to 800 IU per day as recommended today will prevent about 97 % of children and adults from vitamin D deficiency. Notably, a higher 25...
Source: International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research - December 2, 2014 Category: Nutrition Tags: Int J Vitam Nutr Res Source Type: research
Complications of Vitamin D deficiency from the foetus to the infant: One cause, one prevention, but who’s responsibility?
Calcium and phosphorus represent building material for bones. The supplier of these bone minerals is the hormone calcitriol, which originates from vitamin D, itself made by sunshine in human skin. Requirement for bone minerals is highest during phases of rapid growth, and no one grows faster than the foetus and the infant, making them particularly vulnerable. Deprivation of calcium, whether through low calcium intake or low vitamin D, leads to serious health consequences throughout life, such as hypocalcaemic seizures, dilated cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, congenital and infantile rickets, and osteomalacia.
Source: Best Practice and Research. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - March 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wolfgang Högler Source Type: research
Bone changes in alcoholic liver disease.
Authors: González-Reimers E, Quintero-Platt G, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Martínez-Riera A, Alvisa-Negrín J, Santolaria-Fernández F
Abstract
Alcoholism has been associated with growth impairment, osteomalacia, delayed fracture healing, and aseptic necrosis (primarily necrosis of the femoral head), but the main alterations observed in the bones of alcoholic patients are osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures. Decreased bone mass is a hallmark of osteoporosis, and it may be due either to decreased bone synthesis and/or to increased bone breakdown. Ethanol may affect both mechanisms. It is generally accepte...
Source: World Journal of Hepatology - May 30, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: World J Hepatol Source Type: research
More than healthy bones: a review of vitamin D in muscle health
Vitamin D has known importance to bone health including calcium and phosphate homeostasis and appears to have a role in skeletal muscle health as well. Cases of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency have been associated with poor muscle health. While the exact effects and mechanism of action remains controversial, current data lean towards insufficient vitamin D playing a role in musculoskeletal pain, sarcopenia, myopathy, falls and indirectly via cerebellar and cognitive dysfunction. Sophisticated experimental techniques have allowed detection of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on skeletal muscle and cerebellar tissue, whic...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease - July 13, 2015 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tanner, S. B., Harwell, S. A. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Clinical Forms and Animal Models of Hypophosphatasia.
Abstract
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is due to mutations of the tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) gene expressed in the liver, kidney , and bone. TNAP substrates include inorganic pyrophosphate cleaved into inorganic phosphate (Pi) in bone, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), the circulating form of vitamin B6, and phosphoethanolamine (PEA). As an autosomal recessive or dominant disease, HPP results in a range of clinical forms. Its hallmarks are low alkaline phosphatase (AP) and elevated PLP and PEA levels. Perinatal HPP may cause early death with respiratory insufficiency and hypomineralization resulting in d...
Source: Sub-Cellular Biochemistry - August 1, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Salles JP Tags: Subcell Biochem Source Type: research
The many faces of melas
We report the case of a 76-year-old man (the second oldest diagnosed case to the authors' knowledge) whose case exemplifies the complexity of diagnosing and managing these patients including the complications of the disease.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: AlMasri, O., Massey, T., Mukhopadhyay, D., Walters, R. J. Tags: Genetics, Epilepsy and seizures, Headache (including migraine), Infection (neurology), Muscle disease, Neuromuscular disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes Thur 21, Parallel session 5: Therapeutics Source Type: research
